Google Scholar University Ranking Algorithm to Evaluate the Quality of Institutional Research

Education quality has undoubtedly become an important local and international benchmark for education,and an institute’s ranking is assessed based on the quality of education,research projects,theses,and dissertations,which has always been controversial.Hence,this research paper is influenced by the institutes ranking all over the world.The data of institutes are obtained through Google Scholar(GS),as input to investigate the United Kingdom’s Research Excellence Framework(UK-REF)process.For this purpose,the current research used a Bespoke Program to evaluate the institutes’ranking based on their source.The bespoke program requires changes to improve the results by addressing these methodological issues:Firstly,Redundant profiles,which increased their citation and rank to produce false results.Secondly,the exclusion of theses and dissertation documents to retrieve the actual publications to count for citations.Thirdly,the elimination of falsely owned articles from scholars’profiles.To accomplish this task,the experimental design referred to collecting data from 120 UK-REF institutes and GS for the present year to enhance its correlation analysis in this new evaluation.The data extracted from GS is processed into structured data,and afterward,it is utilized to generate statistical computations of citations’analysis that contribute to the ranking based on their citations.The research promoted the predictive approach of correlational research.Furthermore,experimental evaluation reported encouraging results in comparison to the previous modi-fication made by the proposed taxonomy.This paper discussed the limitations of the current evaluation and suggested the potential paths to improve the research impact algorithm.

A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps physical fitness assessment

Background:The U.S.Air Force physical fitness assessment(PFA)is used to determine the overall fitness of their personnel.It is currently unknown to what extent the PFA scores of Reserve Officers’Training Corps(ROTC)cadets are affected by mandatory physical training.The purpose of this investigation was to longitudinally examine the PFAs of ROTC cadets over a four-year period,evaluate the results across class ranks,and evaluate the sensitivity of the classification of the tests.Methods:Air Force ROTC cadets performed the PFAs(abdominal circumference,1-min pushups,1-min sit-ups,and a 1.5-mile run)in both the spring(n=26)and fall(n=22)semesters.PFAs were compiled over a four-year period(Spring 2014–Fall 2017)and were performed in accordance with Air Force Instruction 36–2905.A oneway repeated measures ANOVA was performed separately for the fall and spring groups for each dependent variable across the 4 years.Additionally,a one-way between groups ANOVA was performed for each dependent variable during the time point(fall 2015;n=46)with the most recorded cadets for each class rank.Results:Longitudinal assessments revealed a main effect of time(P=0.010)on abdominal circumference;cadets had a smaller abdominal circumference in their freshman year than in their senior year.A main effect of time(P=0.006)was also observed on sit-up quantity;cadets performed more sit-ups in their junior year than in their freshman year.Examining between class ranks during the same year(between-subjects ANOVA)revealed a main effect of class rank on sit-up quantity(P=0.003);the freshmen completed fewer repetitions than the sophomores(P=0.018)and the juniors did(P=0.001).Conclusions:The results indicated that only the sit-up component showed differences between class ranks.These findings suggest that the Air Force PFA may not be sensitive enough to detect changes in physical fitness or distinguish between class ranks regarding physical performance,even after years of training.This limitation may be in part due to the limited duration of training incorporated by the ROTC program(2 h per week),which provided a maintenance effect rather than improvement in physical performance.We recommend that more attention be directed to the efficacy of physical training,the sensitivity of measures included in the PFA,or both.

GC/LC-Q/TOF MS测定当归中农药残留及膳食风险评估

采用气相色谱/液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(GC/LC-Q/TOF MS)对100例市售当归样品进行了989种农药残留分析,按照风险排序法对检出农药的风险等级进行归类,采用点评估法评估了检出农药的慢性、急性膳食摄入风险,危害指数法(HI)计算了累积风险值。100例当归的总检出率为95%,共检出27种农药,其中甲拌磷和毒死蜱的检出率较高,农药残留量为0.0010~1.4077 mg/kg。依据《中国药典(2020年版)》和GB 2763-2021,检出农药中只有甲拌磷、甲基异柳磷、特丁硫磷有最大残留限量(MRL)值,其中甲拌磷的超标率最高。风险排序结果表明,高风险农药为甲拌磷、特丁硫磷、甲基异柳磷。膳食摄入风险和累积风险结果显示,检出农药的慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)和急性膳食摄入风险(%ARfD)平均值分别为0.2908%和0.0978%,均远低于100%;慢性累积暴露危害指数(HIc)和急性累积暴露危害指数(HIa)分别为0.06689和0.01173,均远小于1,慢性和急性膳食摄入风险及累积风险均处于可接受水平。当归中检出农药的膳食摄入和累积暴露的风险均较低,但仍需加强对农药使用的监管,建议制定当归中检出的中等风险农药的MRL值。

Risk assessment and ranking of pesticide residues in Chinese pears

The presence of pesticide residues in pears is a serious health concern. This study presents the results from a 2-year investigation （2013-2014） that used gas chromatography, GS/MS and UPLC/MS-MS to measure the levels of 104 pesti- cides in 310 pear samples. In 93.2% of the samples, 43 pesticides were detected, of which the maximum residue levels （MRLs） were exceeded in 2.6% of the samples. Multiple residues （two to eight compounds） were present in 69.7% of the samples; one sample contained nine pesticides and one sample contained 10. Only 6.8% of the samples did not contain residues. To assess the health risks, the pesticide residue data have been combined with daily pear consumption data for children and adult populations. A deterministic model was used to assess the chronic and acute exposures based on the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues （JMPR） method. A potential acute risk was demonstrated for children in the case of bifenthrin, which was found to be present at 105.36% of the acute reference dose （ARfD） value. The long- term exposure of the Chinese consumer to pesticide residues through the consumption of raw pears was far below the acceptable daily intake （ADI） criterion. Additionally, the matrix ranking scheme was used to classify risk subgroups of pesticides and pear samples. In general, 95.5% of samples were deemed to be safe and nine pesticides were classified as being of a relatively high risk. The findings indicated that the occurrence of pesticide residues in pears should not be considered a serious public health problem. Nevertheless, a more detailed study is required for vulnerable consumer groups, especially children. Continuous monitoring of pesticides in pears and tighter regulation of pesticide residue standards are recommended.

System Reliability Analysis of Offshore Strctures and Component Safety Rank Assessment

Offshore structures will encounter serious environmental load, so it is important to study the structural system reliability and to evaluate the structural component safety rank. In this paper, the bracnch-and-bound method is adopted to search the main failure path, and the Ditlevsen bound method is used to calculate the system failure probability. The structure is then assessed by the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method, which evaluates the structural component safety rank. The ultimate equation of the tubular cross- section is analyzed on the basis of ultimate stregnth analysis. The influence of effect coefficients on the structural system failure probability is investigated, and basic results are obtained. A general program for spatial frame structures by means of the above method is developed, and verified by the numerical examples.

A CRPS-Based Spatial Technique for the Verification of Ensemble Precipitation Forecasts

Traditional precipitation skill scores are affected by the well-known"double penalty"problem caused by the slight spatial or temporal mismatches between forecasts and observations.The fuzzy(neighborhood)method has been proposed for deterministic simulations and shown some ability to solve this problem.The increasing resolution of ensemble forecasts of precipitation means that they now have similar problems as deterministic forecasts.We developed an ensemble precipitation verification skill score,i.e.,the Spatial Continuous Ranked Probability Score(SCRPS),and used it to extend spatial verification from deterministic into ensemble forecasts.The SCRPS is a spatial technique based on the Continuous Ranked Probability Score(CRPS)and the fuzzy method.A fast binomial random variation generator was used to obtain random indexes based on the climatological mean observed frequency,which were then used in the reference score to calculate the skill score of the SCRPS.The verification results obtained using daily forecast products from the ECMWF ensemble forecasts and quantitative precipitation estimation products from the OPERA datasets during June-August 2018 shows that the spatial score is not affected by the number of ensemble forecast members and that a consistent assessment can be obtained.The score can reflect the performance of ensemble forecasts in modeling precipitation and thus can be widely used.

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Guanting Reservoir, one of the drinking water supply sources of Beijing, suffers from water eutrophication. It is mainly supplied by Guishui River. Thus, to investigate the reasons of phosphorus （P） loss and improve the P management strategies in Guishui River watershed are important for the safety of drinking water in this region. In this study, a Revised Field P Ranking Scheme （PRS） was developed to reflect the field vulnerability of P loss at the field scale based on the Field PRS. In this new scheme, six factors are included, and each one was assigned a relative weight and a determination method. The affecting factors were classified into transport factors and source factors, and, the standards of environmental quality on surface water and soil erosion classification and degradation of the China were used in this scheme. By the new scheme, thirty-four fields in the Guishui River were categorized as ＂low＂, ＂medium＂ or ＂high＂ potential for P loss into the runoff. The results showed that the P loss risks of orchard and vegetable fields were higher than that of corn and soybean fields. The source factors were the main factors to affect P loss from the study area. In the study area, controlling P input and improving P usage efficiency are critical to decrease P loss. Based on the results, it was suggested that more attention should be paid on the fields of vegetable and orchard since they have extremely high usage rate of P and high soil test of P. Compared with P surplus by field measurements, the Revised Field PRS was more suitable for reflecting the characteristics of fields, and had higher potential capacity to identify critical source areas of P loss than PRS.

Bayesian Assessment for Reliability of Binomial Components Based on Information Fusion of Similar Products

A modified Bayesian reliability assessment method of binomial components was proposed by fusing prior information of similar products.The traditional Bayesian method usually directly used all the prior data,ignoring the differences between them,which might decrease the credibility level of reliability evaluation and result in data submergence.To solve the problem,a revised approach was derived to calculate groups of prior data's quantitative credibility,used for weighted data fusion.Then inheritance factor was introduced to build a mixed beta distribution to illustrate the innovation of new products.However,in many cases,inheritance factor was determined by Chi-square test that could not give out exact result with respect to rare failures.To make the model more precise,Barnard's exact test was suggested being used to calculate the inheritance factor.A numerical example is given to demonstrate that the modified method is successful and rational,while the classical method is too conservative and the traditional Bayesian method is too risky.

An Evaluation of Different Risk Ranking Systems

A number of risk ranking systems for contaminated sites have been developed by different jurisdictions. While the intent of each of these systems is similar, it is not clear whether they provide results that are comparable. In this paper, 20 contaminated sites are used to assess the United States’ Preliminary Assessment (PA) system, Sweden’s Methods for Inventories of Contaminated Sites (MICS) and New Zealand’s Risk Screening System (RSS) methods. The results were compared with each other and with Canada’s National Classification System for Contaminated Sites (NCSCS) as well as preliminary quantitative risk assessment (PQRA) results. The objectives were to determine if the systems yield similar recommendations regarding further actions, and to assess if there are acceptable correlations between different methods. The study concludes that PA, MICS and NCSCS methods can achieve similar conclusions, although there is a certain degree of inconsistency that is present, RSS can distinguish the very high and very low risk sites and, acceptable correlations exists among the methods except for PA and PQRA.

Determination of Significance of Environmental Impacts of Development Projects: A Case Study of Environmental Impact Assessment of Indrawati-3 Hydropower Project in Nepal

The environmental impacts are commonly quantified in the EIA studies by rating, ranking and scaling. The National EIA Guidelines, 1993, Nepal provides a guideline to score the impacts in terms of magnitude, extent, and duration. This step is commonly known as impact prediction in the EIA process. The predicted scores are multiplied by the weightage value of the resource;likely to be affected. The application of the weightage transforms the predicted values of the impacts into their “significance”—a concept used in the environmental decision making. In other words the significance value entails assignment of relative judgment values to the impacts. The impacts, thus, can ranked based on their significance. The impact ranking is more useful in evaluating the socio-economic impacts. Unlike air, water and noise quality, which can be assessed against established standards;the socio-economic impacts do not have standard scale and are difficult to rank. Importance weighting of socio-economic impacts are commonly determined by the consensus obtained from the interaction with the local people, agencies, NGOs and experts. The impact ranking in the EIA process is unavoidable, firstly to prioritize the urgent environmental issues and design mitigation measures accordingly and also provide coherent linkages among the issues, and plan monitoring and auditing linkage with the proposed mitigation measures. Furthermore, it also provide strong basis of decision making, and thus facilitate the decision makers. The process of impact prediction, determination of significance and ranking were applied in the EIA of Indrwati-3 Hydroelectric Project, which is one of the successful cases of EIA in Nepal. The authors believe that the impacts predicted and quantified through this method are being focussed to more on the local concerns, since it seeks an active involvement of the local people who are likely to be affected.

Study of Multistage Project Risk Identification-Assessment Process Based on Objective Orientation

Risk management of projects is about the real time ev aluation and making of decisions proactively in order to maximize the probabilit y of achieving or surpassing the targets set for project objectives. Project objective generally includes three elements: time, cost, quality. Risk occurrin g in the projects will affect these three factors to some various degrees in the end. There are different emphases in each stage and integrated balanced goals b etween the three factors. A large complex engineering project generally consists of several stages each of which has variable objective combinations leading to variable important risks. In order to achieve strategic goals on the schedule under the restriction of lim ited resources, the paper gives the analysis of the so-called risk identificati on-assessment process on the basis of objective orientation. In this paper the set of involved mostly hazards is presented in terms of given objective weight v ector, and so is the model of risk ranking .By reducing the range of risk factor s step by step, risk manager could pay more attention to important ventures and effectively control of them. According to different objective combination at different stages, primary risk f actor sets at different stages are given. With the probability and their various effects to project objectives, evaluation of these sets is made aiming to r educing of the scope of risks and providing decision maker with a better decisio ns support. Successful projects are those, which focus on the relevant business objectives t hroughout the whole process and seek to information integration across project l ife cycle. This paper also introduces the idea of real time process of risk iden tification-assessment and presents a flow chart as a demonstration.

世界大学可持续发展排名:设计要素、理论逻辑及现实启示

在全球可持续发展进程缓慢的背景下,传统大学排名不利于大学实现可持续发展。对此,2022年QS发布了首个世界大学可持续发展排名,对全球范围内大学的可持续发展状况进行评估。该排名不仅在概念模型、评估对象、指标体系、排名结果方面颇具特色,而且在评估中体现了基于可持续发展理论的目标逻辑、基于大学功能理论的价值逻辑、基于资源依赖理论的均衡逻辑、基于教育投入产出理论的效率逻辑。未来我国大学可持续发展评估体系的构思可考虑:以发展性的评估理念为导向,构建适应社会需求的评估体系;设计综合性的评估指标,全面考察大学的可持续发展情况;重视评估过程的标准化,保证评估结果的有效性。

菊花中农药残留分析及风险评估

目的:对菊花中278种农药及代谢产物进行测定,筛查菊花中应重点监控的农药指标,为菊花中农药最大残留限量值的制订提供参考,并对检出农药开展膳食暴露评估,为菊花的安全用药提供参考。方法:采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS/MS)和液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS/MS)法对78批次菊花中禁用、常用农药及有毒理学意义的代谢产物共计278种指标进行检测;采用点评估的方式对菊花中高检出率(检出率大于15%)农药的急性、慢性风险进行评价,同时采用风险排序矩阵计算高检出农药风险得分并排序。结果:78批次菊花共检出农药71种,包括3种禁用农药(甲拌磷、克百威、氟虫腈),其中24种农药检出率大于15.0%。高检出率农药的急性和慢性膳食摄入风险均可接受。根据风险得分可将24种农药划分为3类,高风险农药4种、中风险农药7种、低风险农药13种。结论:部分批次菊花中有禁用农药检出,《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版)增加禁用农药残留量检查对于保证菊花品种的药用安全性是必要且及时的。菊花中检出农药品种较多,建议加快菊花种植中实际使用农药品种的登记,以规范生产。

新时代高校实验技术队伍量化考核探索与实践

新时代,建设高水平实验技术队伍是高校一流师资队伍建设的关键之一,也是保障学校事业高质量发展的有力支撑。高校实验室工作学科领域跨度大、工作内容繁琐复杂难以量化,岗位考核存在错位、缺位,考核针对性和激励性有待加强。近年来,中国矿业大学积极推动实验技术队伍改革,细化岗位角色,量化工作内容,探索构建量化考核评价体系,将量化考核和职业发展有机融合,取得了一定成效。

基于层次分析法的穿透性制空作战飞机威胁评估

针对美空军穿透性制空作战概念,为满足抗穿透性制空作战目标分析的需求,提出了穿透性制空作战飞机威胁评估方法。根据穿透性制空作战特点,设置穿透性制空作战飞机威胁评估指标,构建穿透性制空作战飞机威胁评估指标体系;基于层次分析法建立穿透性制空作战飞机威胁评估模型,从而得出穿透性制空作战飞机威胁排序。通过实例计算,验证了所提出威胁评估方法的有效性和合理性,能够为抗穿透性制空作战目标分析和策略研究提供依据。

基于Peoplerank的微博用户可信度排序算法

为了提升微博用户可信度排序的稳定性与合理性,结合Peoplerank的基本思想,提出了一种基于用户关注圈特征的微博用户可信度评估的算法。引入用户关注圈平衡特征作为rank值传递的影响因子,优化了用户rank值的传递过程,对每次迭代过程中的rank值的进行加权和修正。实验结果表明,该算法对不同规模的社交用户数据集具有良好的适应性,对用户可信度的排序和评估更加合理。

Identification and ranking of the risky organic contaminants in the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir

The Danjiangkou reservoir was selected to provide the source water for the middle routes of the South to North Water Transfer Project, which has provoked many environmental concerns. To date, investigations of water contamination of the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir with organic micro-pollutants have been limited. This study was conducted to identify and rank organic contaminants that pose risks in the Danjiangkou reservoir. To this end, the Chemical Hazard Evaluation and Manage- ment Strategies （CHEMS-1） approach was adapted to integrate the deconvolution technology of qualitative identifying contaminants for site-specific environmental matrices. The samples were screened for the presence of 1093 contaminants using deconvolution technologies and the hazard values of the identified contaminants were calculated using the adapted CHEMS-1 approach accord- ing to their hazardous properties and occurrence in source water. The results showed that 46 contaminants from 1093 targets were present in Danjiangkou water, 23 of which appeared at frequencies higher than 50%, and 15 of which were identified as priorities. Over half （53%） of the high- ranked contaminants were polycyclic aromatic hydrocar- bons （PAHs）, with chrysene ranked highest on the list. Health risk assessment of the top-ranked PAHs was conducted and revealed that cancer risks of PAHs detected in the source water of Danjiangkou to different populations ranged from 10-7 to 104, indicating a low cancer risk to consumers. The results of this study indicated that the adapted CHEMS-1 approach was feasible for site-specific screening of organic contaminants to identify and rank potential priority pollutants.

Joint regression and learning from pairwise rankings for personalized image aesthetic assessment

Recent image aesthetic assessment methods have achieved remarkable progress due to the emergence of deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs).However,these methods focus primarily on predicting generally perceived preference of an image,making them usually have limited practicability,since each user may have completely different preferences for the same image.To address this problem,this paper presents a novel approach for predicting personalized image aesthetics that fit an individual user’s personal taste.We achieve this in a coarse to fine manner,by joint regression and learning from pairwise rankings.Specifically,we first collect a small subset of personal images from a user and invite him/her to rank the preference of some randomly sampled image pairs.We then search for the K-nearest neighbors of the personal images within a large-scale dataset labeled with average human aesthetic scores,and use these images as well as the associated scores to train a generic aesthetic assessment model by CNN-based regression.Next,we fine-tune the generic model to accommodate the personal preference by training over the rankings with a pairwise hinge loss.Experiments demonstrate that our method can effectively learn personalized image aesthetic preferences,clearly outperforming state-of-the-art methods.Moreover,we show that the learned personalized image aesthetic benefits a wide variety of applications.

数字孪生体可信度评估过程及指标研究

随着数字孪生技术应用领域的扩展,为满足数字孪生体可信度要求和推动数字孪生体可信度评估工作,对数字孪生体可信度评估过程和指标进行了研究。分析了数字孪生体的开发过程,给出了基于IDEF0(integrated computer aided manufacturing-definition method)的柔性多层级数字孪生体可信度评估过程模型构建方法。提出了过程—阶段—活动层(P-S-A)和活动—元素—特性层(A-E-F)两类指标体系,分别辅助解决缺陷回溯问题和复杂对象评估问题,并给出了指标体系范例。

世界大学排行榜相似性度量及差异分析

大学排名是高等教育全球化的结果,目的之一是为相关决策者提供关于大学质量水平的参考,但不同排行榜排名结果不一致是大学排名最引争议的地方。通过对上海软科、U.S.News、QS和泰晤士报4个影响力较大的排行榜2021年发布的全球大学排名结果进行相似性度量,发现总体上排名存在一定差异,其中软科和U.S.NEWS排行榜一致性相对较高,而QS与其他排行榜的差异最大。通过分析,排名方法中评价指标体系、权重设置、数据来源和文献计量分析方法等方面的不同是导致排名结果差异的主要原因,同时分析认为现有世界大学排名方法还不足以全面反映高等教育质量的整体水平,需要理性使用世界大学排行榜,谨慎解读其排名方法背后所蕴含的真实信息。