A Literature Review on Relationship between Learner Autonomy and Learning Motivation

This paper sets out to review the relationship of learner autonomy and motivation in English learning based on previous theoretical and empirical studies. This study can be of great help for learners to realize the great importance of learner autonomy and learning motivation, making them more autonomous, motivated and successful in English learning.

IndRT-GCNets: Knowledge Reasoning with Independent Recurrent Temporal Graph Convolutional Representations

Due to the structural dependencies among concurrent events in the knowledge graph and the substantial amount of sequential correlation information carried by temporally adjacent events,we propose an Independent Recurrent Temporal Graph Convolution Networks(IndRT-GCNets)framework to efficiently and accurately capture event attribute information.The framework models the knowledge graph sequences to learn the evolutionary represen-tations of entities and relations within each period.Firstly,by utilizing the temporal graph convolution module in the evolutionary representation unit,the framework captures the structural dependency relationships within the knowledge graph in each period.Meanwhile,to achieve better event representation and establish effective correlations,an independent recurrent neural network is employed to implement auto-regressive modeling.Furthermore,static attributes of entities in the entity-relation events are constrained andmerged using a static graph constraint to obtain optimal entity representations.Finally,the evolution of entity and relation representations is utilized to predict events in the next subsequent step.On multiple real-world datasets such as Freebase13(FB13),Freebase 15k(FB15K),WordNet11(WN11),WordNet18(WN18),FB15K-237,WN18RR,YAGO3-10,and Nell-995,the results of multiple evaluation indicators show that our proposed IndRT-GCNets framework outperforms most existing models on knowledge reasoning tasks,which validates the effectiveness and robustness.

Design method of organizational structure for MAVs and UAVs heterogeneous team with adjustable autonomy

The increasingly complex battlefield environment requests much closer connection in a team having both manned and unmanned aerial vehicles(MAVs and UAVs). This special heterogeneous team structure causes demands for effective organizational structure design solutions. Implementing adjustable autonomy in the organizational structure, the expected evaluation function is established based on the physical resource, intelligent resource, network efficiency, network vulnerability and task execution reliability. According to the above constraints, together with interaction latency, decision-making information processing capacity, and decision-making latency, we aim to find a preferential organizational structure. The proposed organizational structure includes cooperative relationships, supervisory control relationships, and decision-making authorization relationships. In addition,by considering the influence on the intelligent support capabilities and the task execution reliability created by adjustable autonomy, it helps to build the proposed organizational structure designed with certain degree of flexibility to deal with the potential changes in the unpredictable battlefield environment. Simulation is conducted to confirm our design to be valid. And the method is still valid under different battlefield environments and interventions.

Precipitation-Surface Temperature Relationship in the IPCC CMIP5 Models

Precipitation and surface temperature are two important quantities whose variations are closely related through various physical processes. In the present study, we evaluated the precipitation-surface temperature （P-T） relationship in 17 climate models involved in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 （CMIP5） for the IPCC Assessment Report version 5. Most models performed reasonably well at simulat- ing the large-scale features of the P-T correlation distribution. Based on the pattern correlation of the P-T correlation distribution, the models performed better in November-December-January-February-March （NDJFM） than in May-June-July-August-September （MJJAS） except for the mid-latitudes of the North- ern Hemisphere, and the performance was generally better over the land than over the ocean. Seasonal dependence was more obvious over the land than over the ocean and was more obvious over the mid- and high-latitudes than over the tropics. All of the models appear to have had difficulty capturing the P-T correlation distribution over the mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere in MJJAS. The spatial variabil- ity of the P-T correlation in the models was overestimated compared to observations. This overestimation tended to be larger over the land than over the ocean and larger over the mid- and high-latitudes than over the tropics. Based on analyses of selected model ensemble simulations, the spread of the P-T correlation among the ensemble members appears to have been small. While the performance in the P-T correlation provides a general direction for future improvement of climate models, the specific reasons for the discrep- ancies between models and observations remain to be revealed with detailed and comprehensive evaluations in various aspects.

Student-Teacher Relationship in the Secondary Schools: A Factorial Study

This article contributes to the widening of the international literature concerning the teacher-student relationship under different perspectives:cross-cultural,statistical,and applicative.This work strengthens the psychometric basis of the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale by confirming the three-dimensional structure of the original instrument.Therefore,on the basis of the factor analysis,the instrument proves to apply also to the Vietnamese context.The Student-Teacher Relationship Scale,given its validity,can be a serviceable tool for studying such a construct,both as a monitoring scale of a given relationship and as a way to help teachers achieve a better level of awareness of their educational skills.

Numerical Analysis of the Analytical Relationships between Angstrom Coefficients of Aerosols and Their Optical Properties for Four Types of Aerosols

In this paper, the authors numerically analyzed the analytical relationships between angstrom coefficients and optical properties of aerosols to the existing data extracted from OPAC at the spectral length of 0.25 μm to 2.5 μm at eight relative humidity for desert, urban, marine clean and continental clean aerosols. That is apart from their relationships with the wavelength that was determined, in this paper their relation with respect to aerosols’ type and RHs are determined. The properties extracted are scattering, absorption, and extinction coefficients and single scattering albedo. The results showed that the extinction and single scattering albedo are correct for all the aerosols but single scattering co-albedo is satisfied for only sahara and continental clean.

资源依赖下社会组织参与社区微治理的自主性何以生成?——以上海市Y组织为例

我国社会组织对其他主体尤其是政府主体存在资源依赖,这对其自主性有所限制。已有研究对社会组织自主性的理解和操作化集中于社会组织的财务、人事、组织发展规划等方面,但对其业务活动过程中的自主性讨论较少且与其他方面自主性的区分不够。聚焦Y组织在参与社区微治理过程中的自主性进行研究,发现在面向不同主体时,社会组织谋求自主性的主导逻辑有所不同:因对街道的资源依赖程度较深,Y组织采取“有底线地遵从”策略以管理对街道的资源依赖,并以专业逻辑为主导获得自主性;面对社区相关利益主体时,Y组织采取“操纵式地满足”策略,并以合法性逻辑为主导,拓展其在社区中的自主性。

Illusion of a Density-Dependent Effect in Biology

Population changes are believed to be controlled by multiple factors, including an important density-dependent effect. This paper reviews the literature on this topic and shows that this density-dependent effect does not exist. This paper also gives a typical example in which no density-dependent effect was detected in the stock-recruitment relationship in Japanese sardines. The recruitment was found to be determined in proportion to the spawning stock biomass and to be affected by environmental factors. This simple mechanism is applicable not only in fish species but also in insects such as Thrips imaginis in Australia. The reason that many biologists have not become aware that the density-dependent effect does not exist is discussed using a metaphor. This paper proposes a new concept in the study of population change. The new concept proposed here will replace the currently used basic concept that has been assumed to be correct for more than 50 years.

新时代我国竞技体育发展中政社关系改革的几点思考

为更好适应新时代社会主要矛盾变化,建构我国竞技体育发展新格局,采用文献资料法和访谈法对我国竞技体育发展中政社关系改革问题进行分析。认为,我国竞技体育发展中强政府、弱社会的发展惯性仍需进一步打破,社会自组织的发展能力有待提高,政府管理的角色和职能亟需转变。新时代我国竞技体育发展需重视政社关系改革,从强政府、弱社会转变为强政府、大社会发展格局,政府引导社会力量有序发展,并与社会力量合作构建多元治理机制。具体包括:深化“放管服”改革,竞技体育“举国体制”继续做减法;社会力量加强自身建设,在更多领域发挥更大作用;依据经济发展的阶段性特征,有针对性地扶持社会力量成长;根据参与类别,对社会力量发展提供差异化的帮扶;做好市场监管,引导、规范社会力量成长;积极推进政府元治理、行业自治和多元共治。

基于原子/分子团簇结构的材料与器件制造

原子/分子团簇是物质结构的一种新形态,具有独特的本征性质。从原子/分子团簇到器件的跨尺度制造,将为国防高端装备和新兴电子等产业发展带来深刻变革。团簇的多物质构效关系、宏量制造、团簇结构跨尺度构筑以及团簇器件的高性能制造等是原子/分子团簇器件制造的关键发展方向,主导着从原子到产品制造的发展历程。把握这些发展背后的重要机遇,将有助于占领原子级制造研究的制高点,引领原子级制造方法的变革。本文从团簇新材料的宏量制造、新型功能器件的原子/分子团簇构筑、团簇—器件的跨尺度制造工艺和装备等三个方面概括了原子/分子团簇与器件制造领域的主要研究进展,总结了原子/分子团簇与器件领域的关键科学问题及面临的挑战,并对其未来发展方向和发展战略给出了建议。

基于服务依赖图的微服务系统故障根因定位方法

【目的】为解决微服务架构中频繁出现的系统故障以及异常快速传播的问题,特别是由于服务粒度细、更新迭代频繁及服务依赖复杂性引起的诊断复杂性,本文提出了一种基于动态微服务依赖图的故障根因快速定位方法。【方法】本方法基于微服务的配置信息和日志数据,动态生成服务依赖图,有效捕获服务间的动态依赖变化。在故障发生时,利用服务依赖图和异常事件数据推断异常间的因果链,构造异常因果关系图。结合服务依赖的权重,通过服务依赖图中搜寻并排序可能的根因节点,以实现异常源头的精准定位。【结果】实验结果表明,本方法异常根因top 5平均定位精确率达到66%,优于现有其它同类方法。

高依赖与协商自主:西部地方高校自主性现状、困境与突破

组织自主性是西部地方高校发展不可绕过的命题。通过搭建“组织-外部制度”互构分析框架,将制度与事件分析范式相结合,以一所西部新建本科高校(U1)向应用型转型改革为切入点,在“过程-事件”中窥探其自主性“原始面貌”,以期发现其中规律性结构。研究发现,在现行高等教育治理框架下,西部地方高校自主性尚不成熟。出现这种情况,既因现有制度结构限制,也因其自身发展惯习以及能力限制。基于此,初步构建“高支持下的协商自主模式”模型,以形成政府、市场与西部地方高校联动的多重协商机制:外部关键力量应持续增强对西部地方高校的高支持;西部地方高校要积极构建教师和学生主动参与的自主行为模式等,以促进其自主性的提升。

基于跨度和边界探测的实体关系联合抽取模型

针对大多数跨度模型将文本分割成跨度序列时,产生大量非实体跨度,导致了数据不平衡和计算复杂度高等问题,提出了基于跨度和边界探测的实体关系联合抽取模型(joint extraction model for entity relationships based on span and boundary detection,SBDM)。SBDM首先使用训练Transformer的双向编码器表征量(bidirectional encoder representations from Transformer,BERT)模型将文本转化为词向量,并融合了通过图卷积获取的句法依赖信息以形成文本的特征表示;接着通过局部信息和句子上下文信息去探测实体边界并进行标记,以减少非实体跨度;然后将实体边界标记形成的跨度序列进行实体识别;最后将局部上下文信息融合到1个跨度实体对中并使用sigmoid函数进行关系分类。实验表明,SBDM在SciERC(multi-task identification of entities,relations,and coreference for scientific knowledge graph construction)数据集、CoNLL04(the 2004 conference on natural language learning)数据集上的关系分类指标S F1分别达到52.86%、74.47%,取得了较好效果。SBDM用于关系分类任务中,能促进跨度分类方法在关系抽取上的研究。

情绪调节自我效能感对手机依赖的影响——人际关系适应的中介作用

目的:探究大学生人际关系适应在情绪调节自我效能感与手机依赖之间的中介作用.方法:采用情绪调节自我效能量表、手机依赖测验量表和中国大学生适应量表—人际关系适应分量表对484名在校大学生进行问卷调查.结果:女性、非独生子女认为自己使用手机过度的个体更易产生手机依赖;大学生情绪调节自我效能感与手机依赖呈负相关(r=-0.136,P<0.01),与人际关系适应呈正相关(r=0.362,P<0.01),大学生人际关系适应与手机依赖之间无显著相关(r=-0.021,P>0.05);人际关系适应在情绪调节自我效能感与手机依赖之间不存在显著的中介作用.结论:情绪调节自我效能感对手机依赖存在一定的影响.

企业ESG表现改善了政企关系吗?——基于民营企业的经验证据

ESG是被政府高度重视的实现“双碳”目标、推进高质量发展的工具,企业ESG表现是否会改善政企关系,从而获得政府资源以及政策支持?基于资源依赖理论,以2012—2022年沪深两市A股民营上市公司为样本,对ESG表现是否会影响政企关系进行了探讨。研究发现:企业良好的ESG表现改善了政企关系,即企业ESG表现越好,所获得的政府补贴与税收优惠越多;机制检验发现,企业ESG表现通过提高企业声誉,为与政府互动合作、构建良好关系奠定了基础;ESG表现的政企关系改善效应在高污染行业企业以及经济发展水平较低地区的企业中更为显著。研究结论对政府利用财税政策推进高质量发展和企业推进ESG建设具有重要启示意义。

法典时代婚姻登记瑕疵案件审理制度的重构

我国传统婚姻登记制度属于公法强制型制度,通过行政诉讼审理婚姻登记瑕疵案件的制度设计并无不妥,而现行婚姻登记制度属于私法自治型制度,婚姻登记机关职权范围、婚姻登记与婚姻之间关系均有所调整,婚姻登记瑕疵案件审理制度也应当相应调整。涉及婚姻关系效力的婚姻登记瑕疵案件,当事人应当提起民事诉讼,先行处理婚姻关系效力问题;若是不涉及婚姻关系效力的程序瑕疵案件,当事人可直接请求婚姻登记机关先行处理。若是当事人提供虚假材料的婚姻登记瑕疵案件,另一方当事人应当先行要求婚姻登记机关处理,在婚姻登记机关不履行职责的情形下,再行提起行政复议或者是向法院提起诉讼。

在反思中成长:质性研究方法的教与学

本文收录了作者在教授“质性研究方法”课程第6-8次课后写的反思笔记,包括如下主题:回应学生发言需要教师的实践智慧,师生相互理解是良好教学的保证,教师是否开放课堂涉及教学自主等伦理问题。这些主题涉及课堂教学中教师们通常会遭遇的困境,具有深入探讨的理论潜力和实践价值。通过分享作者的体验和反思,本文希望邀请读者对这些问题进行更加深入的思考和对话。

作答时间与反应依赖关系建模:基于双因子模型视角

在心理与教育测验中,测验的计算机化越来越普遍,使得被试作答的过程性数据的搜集也越来越便利。分层模型的提出为作答时间与反应的联合分析提供了一个基本的建模框架,且逐渐成为当前最流行的方法。虽然分层模型被广泛使用,但仅仅通过参数间的关系还不能很好地解释作答时间和反应之间的关系。因此,一些研究者提出了一系列改进模型,但仍然存在一些不足。基于双因子模型的新视角,文中将测验的作答时间与反应分别视为测量被试速度和能力的两个局部因子,而作答时间与反应又视为综合测量了被试的速度与准确率权衡的一般能力或全局因子。基于此,文中提出双因子分层模型,以探讨作答时间与反应的依赖关系。模拟研究发现Mplus程序能有效估计双因子分层模型的各参数,而忽视作答时间与反应依赖关系的分层模型的参数估计结果存在明显的偏差。在实例数据分析中,相较于分层模型,双因子分层模型的各模型拟合指数表现更好。此外,不同被试在不同项目上的作答时间与反应存在不同的依赖关系,从而对被试的作答准确率与时间产生不同的影响。

孕妇药物依赖的胎儿权益与母体自主冲突之思考

聚焦医学伦理学视角下孕妇药物依赖及其对胎儿健康的潜在影响,探索胎儿权利与母体自主权之间的伦理平衡及在医疗与社会法律层面的复杂挑战。探讨了胎儿权益与母体自主间的伦理张力,分析了药物依赖的成因,包括治疗性药物使用和药物滥用,进而审视全球孕妇药物依赖现状及其影响。同时,评估了医学伦理四大原则在两种情境中的应用挑战,以及法律在定义和处理该伦理问题时的作用与临床实践中的差异。强调了公共卫生策略在解决孕妇药物依赖问题中的重要性,并提出了具体实施策略,以期为医疗从业者和政策制定者提供理论与实践指导。

学生自治视域下一站式学生社区建设的价值意蕴、现实困境与建设路径

学生自治视角下的高校学生社区建设在推动学生全面发展方面具有重要意义。研究通过深入探讨高校一站式学生社区建设的现实困境,提出一系列在微观、中观和宏观层面的建设路径,以推动高校一站式学生社区建设的全面发展。在微观层面,强调激发学生内在动力和潜能的重要性;在中观层面,提倡构建师生和谐的生态系统;在宏观层面,建议完善以学生为中心的培养体系。研究旨在为高校教育改革和构建更加活跃、有创新性的一站式学生社区建设提供新的思路和实践方案。