Distribution Performance Analysis and Experimental Research on the Port Plate Pairs of Low Speed High Torque Seawater Hydraulic Motor

The current research of seawater hydraulic motor mainly focused on piston motor and vane motor, but seldom regarded low speed high torque seawater hydraulic motor. Low speed high torque seawater hydraulic motor as a kind of energy conversion device and actuator plays an important role in seawater hydraulic transmission system. However, the physical and chemical properties of seawater, such as low viscosity, high causticity and poor lubrication, result in numerous problems. In this paper, the flow distribution characteristics of port plate pairs for the seawater hydraulic motor are investigated, and the leakage flow and power loss models of port plate pairs are established. Numerical simulations are carried out to examine the effects of water film, inlet pressure and rotating speed on the pressure distribution and leakage flow. And the friction and wear tests of port plate pairs are also carried out. Moreover, the test system of the seawater hydraulic motor is constructed and the performance of prototype with no-load or loading is conducted. The results indicate that the clearance of port plate pairs and inlet pressure have a significant effect on distribution characteristics, but the effect of rotating speed is not very obvious. The experimental results show that the minimum error rate can be maintained within 0.3% by the proposed flow model and the counter materials of 316 L against carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone(CFRPEEK) are suitable for the port plate pairs of seawater hydraulic motor. Finally, based on the seawater hydraulic experiment platform, the volumetric efficiency of no-load and loading are obtained that the maximum can achieve 94.71% and 90.14%, respectively. This research work may improve the flow distribution performance, lubrication and the friction and wear properties, enhance energy converting efficiency of port plate pair and provide theoretical and technical support for the design of highperformance water hydraulic components.

Analysis of force and leakage in water hydraulic motor's piston pairs

The positive pressure between pistonwall and piston hole of inner curve water hydraulic motor’s piston pairs is analyzed.The flow field of the piston pairs is numerically calculated and analyzed by the use of computational fluid dynamics method.The pressure and velocity distribution of flow field at different clearance is analyzed in the paper.The results show that when the clearance is 4-8 μm,with the increase of clearance,the negative pressure and the velocity of piston chamber decrease significantly,the velocity and leakage flow of the clearance increase.However,when the clearance is 10 μm,the negative pressure and the velocity of plunger chamber increase suddenly.By comprehensive analysis,the cylinder annular clearance should be controlled to be near 8 μm.

Numerical and experimental study on the hydraulic characteristics of a vertical axial pump under various clearances of flare tube

In order to investigate the characteristics of a vertical axial flow pump under various clearances of flare tube, the bell-shaped inlet and box culvert outlet channels with flare tube are studied numerically and experimentally. Then, the cases of inlet and outlet channels with the least hydraulic loss are selected to form an integral pump system, for which both numerical simulation and experimental investigation are carried out. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. It is shown that the clearances of the interfaces between different components of the pump system have a significant impact on the internal flow structure, turbulent entropy and hydraulic performance of the inlet and outlet channels. For the cases of normalized bottom clearance less than 0.5 and normalized top clearance larger than 0.4, the internal flow and hydraulic performance indexes of inlet and outlet channels are relatively poor. There also exists a critical clearance in either inlet or outlet channel at which the hydraulic loss reaches the maximum. The results serve as an important reference for the design as well as safe and efficient operation of the vertical axial flow pump system.

轴向柱塞泵配流副油膜润滑及结构优化研究综述

在轴向柱塞泵中,配流副是最容易出现流量脉动和磨损失效的关键部件之一。分别研究油膜润滑、结构参数和液体性质等因素对轴向柱塞泵配流副性能的影响,重点总结归纳轴向柱塞泵配流副油膜润滑和结构优化的研究进展,提出改善配流副性能的规律和方法。最后对轴向柱塞泵配流副领域未来研究方向进行了总结与展望。

配合间隙对柱塞-滑靴组件动力学及油膜润滑特性的影响

球铰副油膜对轴向柱塞泵工作性能和稳定性具有重要影响,其润滑行为受滑靴和柱塞多自由度动力学行为影响。该研究分析配合间隙对振动响应和油膜润滑特性的影响,建立了滑靴和柱塞多自由度运动与球铰副油膜润滑行为耦合的动力学模型。首先,使用拉格朗日法对滑靴和柱塞的动力学方程进行推导,通过NewMark-β法求解滑靴和柱塞的振动响应;然后,根据滑靴和柱塞的姿态变化结合雷诺方程建立球铰副油膜厚度场-压力场耦合模型;最后,分析在不同配合间隙下滑靴和柱塞的振动响应及油膜润滑特性的变化规律。研究结果表明,配合间隙对滑靴和柱塞的振动响应及球铰副油膜润滑特性的影响显著,适当减小配合间隙可减少泵的泄漏,从而提高整体效率。

大配合间隙下阀芯偏斜对水嘴性能的影响

水嘴作为配水器的核心组件,目前已被广泛应用于注水油田。然而,水嘴在实际应用中会遭遇卡阻,导致阀芯无法正常调节,影响注水的效果。并且在测试过程中,很难观察到阀芯卡阻的细节,并重现这种现象。为了揭示水嘴卡阻机理,对不同开度下大配合间隙、阀芯偏心及倾斜对水嘴性能的影响进行了研究。首先,利用了仿真计算方法,建立了水嘴流体域有限元模型,构建了水嘴理论流量特性计算模型,通过实验获得了流量特性,验证了有限元模型的准确性;然后,分析了不同配合间隙下水嘴的流量特性及阀芯表面压力特征,获得了水嘴关闭时的泄漏量、阀芯受到的轴向力和径向力以及表面流动特征;最后,利用了遗传算法,优化了配合间隙。研究结果表明:大配合间隙使流量调节率曲线明显偏离标准曲线,流量调节率明显降低;水嘴在零开度时的径向力与轴向力最大;当配合间隙为0.05 mm时,泄漏量比间隙为0.25 mm时减少了84.56%;配合间隙对泄漏量的影响最为显著,其次为径向力和轴向力;优化配合间隙能够降低泄漏量和径向力,增大偏心与倾斜角能够降低卡阻风险,提高水嘴运行的可靠性。

不同转子轴向间隙下双螺旋轴流泵的内部流动特性

通过改变两螺旋转子之间的轴向间隙(1、5、10 mm),研究双螺旋轴流泵在不同转子轴向间隙下的内部流动特性。基于CFD模拟平台,采用浸入实体法,运用N-S方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,对不同轴向间隙和不同工况下的瞬态特性进行数值模拟,得到双螺旋泵在不同转子间隙下各过流部件在运转过程中的瞬态流动特性。结果表明:转子间隙为1 mm时泵的扬程最高,增大转子间隙(5和10 mm)泵的扬程依次减小;1 mm间隙下泵的升压性能最好,但流体在刚进入转子域出现了明显的负压现象,间隙增大后转子内抗堵塞能力增强,负压现象得到改善;双螺旋轴流泵的主要泄漏区域在转子啮合区,随着转子轴向间隙的增大,啮合区的速度增大,出现较明显的泄漏;双螺旋泵的扬程与流量成反比,随着设计流量的增大,3种间隙泵的扬程均逐渐减小。

间隙宽度对轴流泵叶顶间隙涡流影响的数值分析

针对轴流泵不同间隙宽度下间隙涡流特性问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了某轴流泵3种叶顶间隙宽度(0.15、0.45、1.20 mm)下的间隙泄漏涡流特性。结果表明,相同流量下,当间隙宽度从0.15 mm增大到1.20 mm时,间隙分离涡区增大,同一平面位置的涡心强度增大。不同叶顶间隙宽度下,叶顶间隙区域的湍动能分布趋势相似,即从叶顶间隙入口处开始沿径向先增大后减小直到轮缘,在分离涡形成附近湍动能达最大值。此外,沿泄漏涡轨迹泄漏涡涡心涡量减小,压力增大,表明前缘附近容易产生空化。对于极小的间隙(0.15 mm),主流大部分流动不能通过间隙,叶顶分离涡仅发生在叶片压力侧转角;对于1.20 mm的间隙,高湍动能叶顶分离涡发生在间隙区,分离涡与剪切层连接从叶片脱离,然后缠绕在涡核外侧,最终被泄漏涡夹带。在间隙附近存在不同的涡量层可将湍流注入泄漏涡。研究成果可为轴流泵的水利优化设计提供参考。

Numerical Investigation of Tip Clearance Effects in an Axial Transonic Compressor

Numerical investigations of the Darmstadt transonic single stage compressor (DTC), in the Rotor1-Stator1 configuration, aimed at advancing the understanding of the effect of different rotor tip gaps and transition modelling on the blade surfaces are presented. Steady three dimensional Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) simulations were performed to obtain the flow fields for the different configurations at different operating conditions using the RANS-Solver TRACE. The stage geometry and the multi-block structured grid were generated by G3DMESH and a grid sensitivity analysis was conducted. For the clearance gap region, a fully gridded special H-grid was chosen. Comparisons were made between the flow characteristic at design speed, representative for a transonic flow regime, and at 65% speed, representative for a subsonic flow regime. The computations were used to analyse the flow phenomena through the tip clearance region for the different configurations and their impact on the performance of the compressor stage.

Effect of wire mesh casing treatment on axial compressor performance and stability

In this paper,a kind of Wire Mesh Casing Treatment(WMCT)is proposed to improve the stable operating range of the compressor.In contrast to the traditional circumferential groove,as for WMCT,a layer of wire mesh is laid on the surface of the circumferential groove.Parametric studies were conducted on the low-speed axial flow compressor,including the groove width,axial location,and mesh count.The optimum axial location for WMCT is related to its groove width.A higher wire mesh count results in a smaller compressor stall margin improvement.Steady simulations were carried out to study the effect of WMCT on the flow structure of the compressor.The wire mesh in the WMCT has a certain flow resistance,which restricts the flow into and out of the groove.Due to the WMCT,the flow parameter in the tip region of the rotor is less sensitive to changes in the operating conditions of the compressor.The WMCT causes the rotor tip blade loading to shift backward,inhibiting the formation of spill forward of the leakage flow,and thus improving the stability of the compressor.The flow resistance on the groove surface is a new degree-of-freedom for the casing treatment designer.

Unsteady Tip Clearance Flow Pattern in an Isolated Axial Compressor Rotor with Micro Tip Injection

A numerical study of the effect of discrete micro tip injection on unsteady tip clearance flow pattern in an isolated axial compressor rotor is presented, intending to better understand the flow mechanism behind stall control measures that act on tip clearance flow. Under the influence of injection the unsteadiness of self-induced tip clearance flow could be weakened. Also the radial migration of tip clearance vortex is confined to a smaller radial extent near the rotor tip and the trajectory of tip clearance flow is pushed more downstream. So the injection is beneficial to improve compressor stability and increase static pressure rise near rotor tip region. The results of injection with different injected mass flow rates show that for the special type of injector adopted in the paper the effect of injection on tip clearance flow may be different according to the relative strength between these two streams of flow. For a fixed injected mass flow rate, reducing the injector area to increase injection velocity can improve the effect of injection on tip clearance flow and thus the compressor stability. A comparison of calculations between single blade passage and multiple blade passages validates the utility of single passage computations to investigate the tip clearance flow for the case without injection and its interaction with injected flow for the case with tip injection.

径向间隙对煤矿对旋轴流通风机性能的影响分析

为进一步探究煤矿对旋轴流通风机径向间隙对风机性能的影响,以某小型煤矿企业的局部对旋轴流通风机为研究对象,对其进行建模与仿真分析,确定了稳态与非稳态两种情况下,不同径向间隙对风机性能的整体影响作用.结果显示,当降低径向间隙时,有助于增加风机压头和对气流做功,但与此同时,较小的径向间隙也将导致风机的气动噪声问题更为突出,对风机流量也将产生一定的不利影响,由此确定将径向间隙控制在叶片直径的0.8%~1%范围较为合理,以此为后续的煤矿对旋轴流通风机径向间隙优化设计工作提供参考借鉴.

球面副间隙对外球笼耐久性寿命的影响与对策

为了改善球面副轴向间隙,分析了球面副间隙对外球笼耐久性寿命的影响,得出球面副径向间隙是形成轴向间隙并成4.9倍放大的关键因素。通过数据计算分析,确定盲目调整钟形壳球道直径来减小直至消除轴向间隙的方式会导致不等速及不对称磨损。提出了合理改善球面副间隙进而改善轴向间隙的方法,为外球笼的设计提供了依据和借鉴。并推导出调整钟形壳球道直径、减小轴向间隙的合理范围计算公式,为实际生产提供了可供计算的数据化解决方案,为改善产品质量提供了可靠的方法。

叶顶间隙对潜水轴流泵压力脉动的影响研究

轴流泵的叶顶间隙泄漏是引起涡动干扰和压力脉动的关键因素,不同叶顶间隙下机组受到的激振力和压力冲击差异显著。本文以350ZQ-125型高比转速立式潜水轴流泵为研究对象,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型,对6个不同叶顶间隙叶轮模型在设计流量工况下轴流泵三个关键部件流道内压力脉动进行计算。结果显示,不考虑叶顶间隙时,轴流泵内部压力脉动主要由动静干涉引起;考虑叶顶间隙时,泵内压力脉动受间隙泄漏的影响,进水喇叭和导叶流道内呈现为低频脉动,脉动幅值随着间隙的增加逐渐降低。叶轮流道内的受叶片扰动脉动主频为3 f_(n),且脉动幅值变化不明显。合适的叶顶间隙尺寸可以降低叶轮进口和导叶出口的压力脉动。

Leakage Model of Axial Clearance and Test of Scroll Compressors

Leakage clearance plays an important role in guaranteeing high efficiency of scroll compressors.In view of the shortcomings of the existing leakage models of axial clearance of scroll compressors,a modified Fano flow model and a turbulence model are presented based on the flow characteristics of fluid in the leakage passage under actual working conditions.Firstly,according to the Fano flow energy equation and the turbulence theory,two kinds of leakage models,Fano flow model and turbulence model,of axial clearance are established.Then,the established models are verified through an experimental platform established to measure the axial clearance leakage in the working process of a scroll compressor,and the measured values are compared with the values obtained from the two theoretical models.Finally,the effect of such factors as pressure difference,clearance amount,spindle speed on the axial clearance leakage is analyzed.Results show that the two established models can precisely reflect the variation law of axial clearance leakage of scroll compressor under different working conditions.In particular,the Fano flow model is more suitable for predicting the clearance leakage when the spindle speed is low(less than 3500 r/min)and the clearance is small(less than 0.025 mm),whereas the turbulence model is suitable for high spindle speed(more than 3500 r/min)and large clearance(more than 0.025 mm).

双扭线流量管测量方法数值研究

围绕双扭线流量管测量方法中,测量截面静压不均匀和附面层修正方法两个影响因素,采用数值仿真的方法模拟了双扭线流量管试验测量,分析了测量截面静压不均匀和附面层修正方法对流量测量的影响。结果表明:静压测量截面距离双扭线切点越近,测量截面静压不均匀性对主流区流量计算偏差的影响越大,可通过建立静压关联关系式进行修正;试验中采用积分法计算附面层流量时,近壁区速度分布与线性分布存在差异,导致第1个测点与壁面间区域积分流量存在偏差,可按指数分布规律重构近壁区速度进行修正。

轴流泵端壁间隙流动特性的数值研究

基于N-S方程,标准k-ε模型和SIMPLEC算法,在三种叶端间隙、三种工况条件下,对轴流泵端壁间隙流动进行了数值模拟。重点考察了叶端间隙流动对叶轮出口流场及性能的影响。数值结果表明,间隙增加,扬程下降,特别是越在小流量工况下越明显。

不同叶顶间隙下的轴流泵内部流场数值计算

基于标准k-ε双方程湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法,采用结构化网格技术,对轴流泵分别为0.15,0.50,1.00,2.00 mm的叶顶间隙进行了多工况数值模拟,讨论了不同叶顶间隙大小对泵性能的影响,并分析了叶轮出口轴面速度、出口环量的分布以及叶顶泄漏流和泄漏涡随叶顶间隙的变化情况.数值计算结果表明,当叶顶间隙超过0.50 mm时,泵性能下降的幅度明显增大;叶轮出口轴面速度在轮毂壁面和叶顶间隙处减小,而环量增加;叶顶间隙越大,轴面速度和环量受泄漏流的影响越大;通过数值模拟捕捉到不同间隙下叶顶泄漏流和泄漏涡,分析得出泄漏涡是由于泄漏流与主流发生卷吸作用而形成的,且泄漏涡在流道内的运动轨迹与叶顶间隙大小关系密切.

周向槽轴向位置影响机匣处理扩稳能力的机理

为了揭示周向槽机匣处理轴向位置影响压气机稳定性的流动机理,采用试验与数值方法研究了三种不同轴向位置对机匣处理扩稳能力的影响。试验与数值结果均表明机匣处理轴向位置不变时扩稳能力最强,轴向位置前移次之,轴向位置后移最弱,对应的试验综合裕度改进量分别为10.3%,7.82%及5.65%。通过详细分析压气机叶顶流场表明,周向槽机匣处理轴向位置后移使叶顶前缘区域没有受到到周向槽的作用,叶尖部分间隙泄漏流在叶顶前缘形成低速带并造成进口堵塞。轴向位置前移使叶顶后部区域没有受到周向槽的作用,在叶顶通道出口部分叶高范围内形成低速堵塞区,流通能力弱。轴向位置不变的机匣处理对应的叶顶通道流通能力最强,因此扩稳效果最好。

轴流泵端壁区域流动三维粘性数值计算

本文采用通用流场分析软件FLUENT,基于N-S方程,选用RNG κ—ε湍流模型与SIMPLEC算法,对轴流泵叶轮内部(及端壁间隙)流动进行了三维粘性数值计算。通过实验验证,表明数值计算结果和实测数据吻合较好。详细分析了叶顶附近流场形态以及叶轮出口轴向、周向速度分布,进行了性能预估。并给出了实验装置图。