A Research of the Finding and Distribution Law of Taisui in Modern China

The academic world is still uncertain about the classification of Taisui. It is debating whether Taisui is living or not, myxomycete complex or fungi. The passage studies the 228 finding reports of Taisui in modern China. It confirms that the first finding time of Taisui in modern China is 1963, and the first reported time is 1992. Taisui has been found in 25 administrative divisions. Taisui occurs the most times in Shandong Province. Besides, provinces where Taisui has been found most times are in northern China. Finding locations of Taisui vary from place to place. Taisui is most often found in normal earth layer, with different burying depth. Taisui is mainly found through seeing, tramping, and digging. Taisui findings lack subjective motivations and are connected with the life and production of the finders. Conclusion: Taisui is an object growing in earth layer.

The Rule of Law in Foreign-Related Affairs in Building China into a Great Modern Country

The call to advance the rule of law in foreign-related affairs is an important component of China's strategic move to a great modern country.In modern times,Western countries have applied rule of law practices in their modernization,demonstrating the values of a sound rule of law system for national strength.In particular,the rule of law,extended beyond national borders,provides a crucial guarantee for a great modern country's sustained,stable,and healthy path,and is also a clear symbol of a country's soft power.As China is progressing to become a great modern country,there is a need to pay a particularly close attention to the rule of law,actively promoting the legalization of foreign-related work.China's stance on the rule of law in foreign-related affairs should include both a principle of defending its core interests and a principle of advocating shared values and of promoting mutually beneficial cooperation.In the context of this era,China's international law professional community should delve into appropriate models that can facilitate smooth progress on the path to modernization,further enhancing the rule of law in China and the successful emergence of a great modern country.

Promoting Chinese Modernization of the Rule of Law and a New Form of Human Advancement of the Rule of Law-Interpretation of the Essence of the Rule of Law of the Report to the 20th National Congress of Communist Party of China

One of the significant theoretical contributions of the Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)is a well-conceived systematic Chinese modernization theory,which is developed based on the profound summarization of the successful experience of Chinese modernization,and on the modernization theories of China and other countries.Chinese modernization of the rule of law,a section of the lawbased Chinese modernization,focuses on the subject of rule of law.Breaking the myth of Western centralism,it creates a new model of modernization of the rule of law and produces a revolutionary effect on the modernization of the rule of law modernization in the world.It presents distinctive Chinese features and Chinese vision.Led by the CPC,it is an independent exploration,people-centered,organized,and planned,and has lofty value goals.Driven by modern science and technology forworld peace and development,the principal task of Chinese modernization of the rule of law is to create a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and a new form of human advancement of the rule of law.Its great mission is to build China into a modern socialist country in all respects under the rule of law,ensuring that the rule of law runs through all areas and aspects of national governance and construction,so that building China into a great modern socialist country with the high-quality rule of law can be guaranteed.

Promoting the Modernization of China’s Governance System and Capacity in Line with the Rule of Law

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)held in 2012,XI Jinping,General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee,has made a series of vital expositions on the promotion of modernization of the national governance system and capacity in line with the rule of law.The law is the most important tool for governing a country,and the rule of law supports the national governance process and capacity.Promoting the rule of law on all fronts is an essential requirement for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and capacity.Comprehensive law-based governance in all areas should be promoted to advance the modernization of national governance.Furthermore,law-based thinking and methods should be used to address difficulties and challenges faced in this modernization process.

促进中国式现代化的发展法学理论创新

旨在解决发展问题、促进全面发展的发展法学学科,与中国式现代化发展战略存在高度耦合,提供了研究中国式现代化的新视角。中国式现代化的新发展战略与发展法学的理论创新存在双向互动关系:一方面,中国式现代化的新发展战略,构造了发展法学的新背景,要求从系统主义维度进一步创新发展法学理论;另一方面,系统主义发展法学理论在方法论、制度体系、理论体系三个维度的递进式创新,有助于促进与保障中国式现代化的实现。具体而言,在方法论创新方面,发展法学作为一门系统科学,应融入系统论方法以及结构—功能分析方法,进行以中国发展问题为中心的新综合研究,指导制度体系和理论体系的创新;在制度体系创新方面,系统发展法学理论应从促进全面发展出发,通过合理配置发展权利、义务与责任,创新促进中国式现代化的包容型制度体系;在理论体系创新方面,系统发展法学理论应从发生论、本体论、价值论、规范论、运行论、范畴论方面进一步创新,在发展研究领域建构中国自主的法学知识体系,为世界法学理论之进步与世界共同发展之实践,贡献中国方案。

中国式现代化的党章基础

党章以一种从根本上体现中国共产党国家建设观念的方式,为中国式现代化构建逻辑完整的规范链条提供了充分有效的制度保障。党章通过实现人的全面发展与现代化道路的同构共进、表达党领导国家发展的价值理性、坚持系统均衡的发展理念,集中彰显中国式现代化的政治愿景。党章中的发展原则规范、社会主义文化建设规范、社会主义生态文明建设规范、外交规范等,与中国式现代化的基本特征、本质要求相呼应。以相关理念内容为基础,党章主要通过对规范体系的统领与指引、对治理体系的塑造与影响,确保中国式现代化在党的领导下扎实推进。

二十届三中全会《决定》中的“法”字及其语义价值分析

二十届三中全会《决定》中共出现130个“法”字,从语言学、语义学的角度来看,其分布状态、出现频次、组词形式等所表达的政策信息却不尽相同。结合十八届三中全会《决定》、十八届四中全会《决定》、党的十九大报告和二十大报告中“法”字出现的规律和特征可以看出,一些重要法律术语或法治熟语在二十届三中全会《决定》的缺失可能具有一定政策解读上的意义。从语言学现象的角度对二十届三中全会《决定》中关于全面依法治国的具体规定的深度解读,这种全新的解读方法对于准确把握《决定》起草目的,全面和系统地领悟《决定》精神实质具有很好的学术启发价值和实践引导作用。

我国《公共文化服务保障法》的理论新担当与现代化新使命

《公共文化服务保障法》是我国文化领域的基础性法律,在《文化产业促进法》等其他文化基础法尚未出台、文化法律体系尚不成熟的当下,《公共文化服务保障法》应当切实担负起支撑文化法律体系建设,承托文化法学理论研究,促进文化强国建设的使命。在理论层面,《公共文化服务保障法》担负着诠释文化法之基本属性,厘清文化法学之建构逻辑的任务。廓清《公共文化服务保障法》蕴含的缘起于行政法底色的文化基础法属性,以及承托的有限政府有为市场有力社会建设、公民基本文化权利保障、文化治理新秩序营造等理论逻辑,是加强新时代文化法学理论研究的内在需求。在现实层面,因应我国公共文化现代化,乃至中国式现代化的基本要求,推进《公共文化服务保障法》深入实施及发展完善,从而推动公共文化管理现代化、促进人民精神生活共同富裕、扩大公共文化双重参与是《公共文化服务保障法》落实时代使命,从文本走向实践的必由之路。

中国式法治现代化的域外思想参鉴——卢梭的“人民法治”思想论析

党的二十大报告提出了实现中国式现代化的伟大目标和任务,阐明了“以人民为中心”的法治建设为中国式现代化的实现所能够发挥的功能和作用。为了加快实现中国式法治现代化,我们不仅需要发掘中华优秀传统法律文化之本土资源,也需要借鉴域外的思想成果与经验。卢梭作为西方思想史特别是法律思想史上的重要思想家之一,其法律思想中有着浓厚的“人民法治”意蕴。系统解读卢梭“人民法治”的思想,把握卢梭“人民法治”思想产生的社会历史背景及其内涵,不仅可以全面深入了解卢梭这位近代启蒙思想家的作品和思想,也有助于传承数千年人类法治文明的精华,从而以更广的视野、更高的起点,投身于全面推进中国式法治现代化建设的伟大事业。

以习近平法治思想引领新时代的政法工作

政法工作关系国家安全和社会稳定,是党和国家事业的重要组成部分,要以政法工作现代化支撑和服务中国式现代化。以习近平法治思想引领新时代的政法工作应当坚持党对政法工作的绝对领导,坚持以人民为中心,以忠诚履行五大任务为职责使命,以深入推进四大建设为基本的工作格局,以解决突出问题和深化政法改革为推动力量,妥善处理若干重大关系以校正政法工作方向。

中国式法治现代化新道路的乡村表达

对中国农村的民主法治建设来说,村民自治制度产生的影响尤为深远。新时代对村民自治提出新挑战,新阶段要求村民自治作出新改变。作为中国式法治现代化新道路的乡村表达,法治乡村建设是村民自治制度发展的新背景,“三治融合”是村民自治制度发展的新路径。法治乡村建设背景下的村民自治并没有消解自治,当然更不能稀释法治。村民自治制度是中国特色法治的一种话语表达,形成独特的法治图景——协商式法治。需要注意的是,协商式法治并不是屈从、折中、妥协的代名词,它是一种对中国法治实践的学术概括。具体而言,基层协商民主的理论和实践构成了协商式法治的制度基础,“三治融合”的乡村治理体系形成了协商式法治的理论指引,中国式法治现代化的乡村模式塑成了协商式法治的根本内核。

从中国的现代化到中国式现代化:现代化的中国逻辑

中国的现代化发展道路,先后经历了从走西方的路到走俄国的路再到走自己的路的历史演进,实现了从中国的现代化到中国式现代化的历史飞跃。中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化,既有各国现代化的共同特征,更有基于自己国情的中国特色。中国式现代化把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际和中华优秀传统文化相结合,实现了对资本逻辑主导的资本主义现代化的整体超越,开辟了现代化新道路,创造了人类文明新形态,为人类实现现代化提供了新的选择,为人类解决现代化过程中面临的共同问题提供了中国经验、中国智慧和中国方案,深刻彰显了现代化发展的历史规律和中国逻辑。

近代中国法学教育的女性叙事

对近代中国女子法学教育的发生和发展史进行溯源性的回顾和梳理,可以进一步丰富和充实中国近代法学教育史的话语体系和知识体系。中国近代女子法学教育发端于清末维新派人士创立的新式女学。民国肇建之初,为因应女性知识精英发起的女子参政运动,一批法政女校陆续设立;惜因政局跌宕,始于民国元年的法政女校创办热潮最终以锐进锐退的方式而告终。20世纪20年代,随着新一批女子法政讲习所的开设,以及法政院校纷纷开放女禁,沉寂十余年的女子法学教育遂重焕生机。及至南京国民政府时期,中国高等法学教育体系日趋成熟,女子法学教育亦渐入正轨。中国近代女子法学教育的发展历程艰辛而曲折,客观上促成了中国初代女性法律职业阶层的兴起、促进了中国近代女权事业的发展,并为当时世界范围内女性法学教育与法律职业的发展,提供了一种鲜活的“中国经验”。

近代中国公司法:法制的演进和法治的轮回

近代中国公司法的发展是深入理解中国现代化进程中开放与封闭、改革与守旧、西方文明与传统习惯不断冲突的着力点。近代中国公司法的法制(文本)通过向西方学习、移植并融入本土商情而不断演进完善,但法治过程却因为这些制度文本背后的利益主体(中央政府、地方政权和商人团体)力量此消彼长而出现倒退轮回。研究尝试从法治内在运行机制的角度解释:由于缺乏稳定的支持性利益主体结构,近代中国公司法的法治过程并不顺利。商人团体的地位受制于央、地权力博弈衍生的发展空间,并没有坚实的制度基础和法律保障,因此不具备稳定性和持续性。法治随着商人团体从晚清到北洋政府时期地位的增强而进步,但随着南京中央政府权力的再次集中和商人团体的“被行政化”而倒退轮回。

The Construction of Gender in Modern Chinese Law： Discrepant Gender Meanings in the Republican Civil Code

This article examines the intersection of law, gender, and modernity during the transitional Republican era （1912-49）. It approaches the topic through a critical reading of the Republican Civil Code of 1929-30, and related commentary on the code by Chinese legal experts. By analyzing the gender assumptions embodied in several newly emergent categories of legal regulation, including legal personhood, minimum marriage age, consent, domicile, surnames, marital property, and child custody, the article＇s line of questioning reveals how gender meanings helped to shape modem concepts like universality, equality, and freedom. The findings illustrate the ways in which Republican civil law broke with late imperial legal and gender norms tied to Confucian patrilineal ideology and in addition established new legal and gender meanings that helped to consolidate Chinese politics on a republican basis and to reconfigure modem gender difference on a conjugal basis.

Characteristics,Indicators,and Methods of Chinese Modernization of the Rule of Law

Chinese modernization of the rule of law is an important dimension of Chinese modernization;it has some commonalities with the rule of law modernization of all countries but it is more characterized by features that are unique to the Chinese context.The prominent feature that constitutes the Chinese characteristics,Chinese style,and Chinese model,is the adherence to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.It is this feature that determines the difference with Western rule of law modernization.Representingg a new form of human rule of law civilization,the Chinesestyle primarily features the building of a socialist law-based country,government,andSsociety,including centralized,unified,authoritative,andefficient Chinese-style national supervision,as well as the dual existence of constitutional review by the Communist Party of China(CPC)and by the state.Chinese modernization cannot be made possible without the rule of law being modernized and serving as a safeguard.Comprehensive promotion of the rule of law is an overriding approach,and two methods have to be followed specifically:firstly,construction of a modern socialist country in all aspects under the rule of law,and secondly,performance of all work of the state under the rule of law.

中国近代武术传播的嬗变轨迹及规律研究(1911—1937)

适逢中国近代社会内忧外患的时代背景和西方体育强势入侵的交织渗透,以武术为代表的中国传统体育为了维护自身地位并促进发展在1911—1937年展开了系列传播活动。将近代武术嬗变置于一个完整的传播系统,通过武术人际传播、武术组织传播和武术大众传播3种模式,分析其嬗变轨迹并进而归纳总结近代武术传播模式、传播价值和传播内容的嬗变规律。

中国人民银行独立性:条文分析与规范重构

中央银行独立性主要是指中央银行制定和执行货币政策的自主性,是中央银行法律地位的核心问题。人民银行独立性不断增强是我国中央银行法律制度建立健全的重要趋势特征。2003年修正的《人民银行法》第2、5、11、12、29、30及38条是目前人民银行独立性的主要法律规范。分析人民银行的独立性,除法律条文的文义性辨析外,还应当探求条文的历史与现实,并在人民银行实际独立性的基础上,进行有关制度重新设计。

现代视野下省级图书馆职能演变及定位

公共图书馆是受西学东渐影响,伴随着中国追寻现代化的历程而产生和发展起来的。省级图书馆在中国近现代社会和图书馆发展史上起到了重要的作用,追寻省级图书馆的发展轨迹及不同时期职能的演变,对于中国图书馆史的研究,以及明确未来省级图书馆的定位和发展,具有重要意义。清末民初初创省级图书馆,其职能主要是收集文献、开放借阅、保存文化、传播文明、开启民智。民国时期,除保存、借阅和参考咨询职能外,增加了对县市图书馆的研究辅导职能。新中国成立后,省级图书馆发挥协作协调的职能,作为区域中心图书馆的地位得到确立。1978年改革开放后,经济社会转型和技术转型支持图书馆事业全面发展,省级图书馆辅导、培训、协作协调的规模逐渐形成。进入新世纪,省级图书馆负有研究、指导、引领和推动公共图书馆事业发展及公共图书馆服务体系建设的职能。在《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》实施的时代背景下,省级图书馆面向未来,应以三个中心(省文献信息资源保障中心、省公共图书馆培训和研究中心、省公共图书馆工作协作协调中心)建设支持新的职能定位,确定工作任务,调整服务重点,从普及服务向特色服务、深度服务转型,对公共文化服务体系建设和图书馆事业的整体发展起到引领和推动作用。