Procedural Transition in the Principle of the Best Interests of the Child in the Eyes of the European Court of Human Rights

The principle of the best interests of the child,as a criterion for substantive review,is conceptually ambiguous and uncertain in its application.To mitigate this dilemma in the application of the principle of the best interests of the child,the European Court of Human Rights(ECHR)has made a procedural transition in the interpretation and application of this principle,shifting from conducting specific proportionality analysis or interests balancing in cases related to children to examining whether States Parties have applied the principle of the best interests of the child in their judicial procedures.Moreover,ECHR has developed three procedural review schemes:holistic reviews,key factors-based reviews and factor list-based reviews.Compared with substantive reviews,procedural reviews adhere to the ECHR doctrine of margin of appreciation,restrict the free discretion of the court,give play to the effect of procedural autonomy,and pursue the value of subjective procedural justice,which has its own unique theoretical value and practical significance,and provides a feasible reference for China to interpret and apply the principle of the best interests of the child.

A Judicial Empirical Study on the Principle of “the Best Interests of the Child”——From the Principles of National Conventions to the Building of Adjudication Norms

“The best interests of the child”is an essential principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.Due to the abstractness and ambiguity of this principle,its application is inevitably subject to the judge’s personality.Through empirical analysis,we can find that the judicial documents invoking the principle of“the best interests of the child”by Chinese courts show a significant increase in the number of disputes,types of disputes,and pronounced regional characteristics.The application of this principle by the courts is highly consistent with the judicial interpretative documents issued by the Supreme People’s Court.The invocation of this principle plays the role of interpreting the provisions of the law,the value basis for discretion,and the value orientation for shaping new rules in adjudication.At the same time,it is plagued by a lack of guidelines for the application of principles,invocations that serve the will of judges,and imperfect thinking in weighing the various factors involved.The application of this principle should be improved by setting normative standards for the principle of“the best interests of the child”,increasing case guidance for invoking the principle,and enhancing the professionalism of judges.

The Protection of Right of Minors to Express Their Opinions in Family Litigations

The right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations refers to minors,who have a certain degree of mental capacity and assertiveness,having the right to express their opinions on the arrangements or decisions related to themselves when the courts handle familial litigation cases involving their interests,and to request the courts hear their opinions.In essence,the right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations belongs to the basic procedural rights of minors as well as judicial beneficiary rights.As for the protection of the right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations,recognizing the status of minors as independent subjects of rights is the logical premise,the procedural guarantee for the rights of the substantive parties involved is the direct cause,and ensuring the best interests of children is the fundamental reason.In order to protect the right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations,China should standardize the mechanisms for judges to hear the opinions of minors directly,improve the mechanisms for family investigators,and establish mechanisms for representing the interests of minors.

Solve the False-Positive Problem of the Mimic System Based on the Best Mimic Component Set

At present,there is a problem of false positives caused by the too vast mimic scope in mimic transformation technology.Previous studies have focused on the“compensation”method to deal with this problem,which is expensive and cannot fundamentally solve it.This paper provides new insights into coping with the situation.Firstly,this study summarizes the false-positive problem in the mimic transformation,analyzes its possible harm and the root causes.Secondly,three properties about the mimic scope are proposed.Based on the three properties and security quantification technology,the best mimic component set theory is put forward to solve the false-positive problem.There are two algorithms,the supplemental method and the subtraction method.The best mimic component set obtained by these two algorithms can fundamentally solve the mimic system’s false-positive problem but reduce the cost of mimic transformation.Thus make up for the lack of previous researches.

When is The Best Time of Stem Cell Transplantation for Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction──A Brief Meta-analysis of Current Clinic Trials

The best time of stem cells transplantation for treating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still to be followed with interest and a focus issue for clinical cardiologist. A brief meta-analysis of clinical trials about timing-window and therapeutic effects of stem cell transplantation for treating AMI will be made out in this article.

Surgical organ displacement: what is the best “materials and methods” for proton radiotherapy?

In the mid 1940s, Robert Wilson （1） hypothesized that a highly localized deposition of energy from a proton beam could be used to increase the radiation dose to tumors while minimizing radiation to adjacent normal tissues. The depth- dose distribution of a proton beam differs significantly from that of a photon beam. Protons show increasing energy deposition with penetration distance, reaching a maximum- named the Bragg peak-near the end of the range of the proton beam. In front of the Bragg peak, the dose level is modest compared to photon beams; beyond the Bragg peak, the dose decreases to nearly zero. By choosing the appropriate proton beam energy, the depth of the Bragg peak can be adjusted to match the depth and extent of the target volume. Therefore, excellent conformality can be achieved, in contrast to conventional or intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）.

THE BEST APPROXIMATION AND COINCIDENCE THEOREMS FOR COMPOSITES OF ACYCLIC MAPPINGS

Some new coincidence theorem s involving a new class of set_valued mappings containing composites of acyclic mappings defined in a contractible space are proved. For applications, some best approximation theorems and coincidence theorems for set-valued mappings are als o given. A number of known results in recent literature are improved and general ized by the theorems in this paper.

Right ventricular pacing: the best site is yet to be defined

The right ventricular (RV) apex is the traditional site to provide stable and reliable chronic ventricular pacing. Interest in alternate site pacing has grown since RV apical pacing has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity compared to normal atrio-ventricular conduction. 1-4 Alternate pacing sites include the RV septum and outflow tract.

On the best convergence order of a new class of triangular summation operators

In this paper, a new class of triangular summation operators based on the equidistant nodes was constructed. It is proved that this class of operators converges uniformly to arbitrary continuous fimctions with the period 2π on the whole axis, Fttrthermore, the best approximation order and the highest convergence order are obtained. In contrast to certain operators constructed by Bernstein and Kis in the previous works, the convergence properties of the new operator constructed in this paper are superior.

The Best Way for China's Future

Lu:The situation China will face in the future will become moreand more complicated.We have more and more tasks to do,just as theChinese poem goes“As one enters the circle of thousands of mountains,one faces another mountain after passing by one of them.”Lookingfrom the international scene,none of the two issues of peace and devel-opment has been solved.Economic security and military security

THE BEST LIPSCHITZ CONSTANTS OF BERNSTEIN POLYNOMIALS AND BEZIER NETS OVER A GIVEN TRIANGLE

This paper proved the following three facts about the Lipschitz continuous property of Bernstein polynomials and Bezier nets defined on a triangle: suppose f(P) is a real valued function defined on a triangle T, (1) If f(P) satisfies Lipschitz continuous condition, i. e. f(P)∈Lip4α, then the corresponding Bernstein Bezier net fn∈LipAsecαψα, here ψ is the half of the largest angle of triangle T; (2) If Bernstein Bezier net fn∈ LipBα, then its elevation Bezier net Efn∈LipBα; and (3) If f(P)∈Lipαa, then the corresponding Bernstein polynomials Bn(f;P)∈LipAsecαψα, and the constant Asecαψ best in some sense.

Evaluation of the best follow-up period and curative effect for acoustic neuroma treated with a gamma knife

Objective: To determine the best follow-up period with regard to curative effect for acoustic neuroma treated with a gamma knife. Methods: Sixty cases of acoustic neuroma were treated with a gamma knife. The follow-up period was from 3 to 102 months. Changes in the lesions and peripheral tissues and clinical symptoms were compared and the curative effectiveness of gamma knife treatment was evaluated. Results: The highest total effective rate (92.3%) was in the third period. There was a significant difference in the tumor size postoperatively. There was no edema in the peripheral tissues surrounding the tumor. It was not obvious that clinical symptoms changed. Conclusion: In this report, the best follow-up period was 24-36 months. Gamma knife treatment was still effective after 60 months post-operation.

Methodology for Selecting the Best Model for Forecasts： The Case Study of Forest Bioenergy

The aim of this paper is the analysis of methodology for selecting the best model for forecasting of fuelwood demand in Greece for the years 2020, 2025 and 2030 with a final objective the decision-making in the sector of forest bioenergy. A complete time series of historical data exists that concerns： （a） the consumption of fuelwood and （b） the six most important from the independent variables that could influence the consumption of fuelwood, whose data cover the time period 1989-2010. The evaluation and choice of the best model was realized with the help of the following six statistical criteria： （a） the size of standard error of theoretical values of dependant variable, S. E.; （b） the value of adjusted R square （R2）; （c） the non-existence of autocorrelation among the residuals （ei） through the criterion Durbin-Watson; （d） the statistical significance of models coefficients through t criterion; （e） the statistical significance of models through F criterion and （f） the non-existence of multicolinearity through the values of Variance Inflation Factor.

The 60th MSV: Showing the Best of Czech & Slovak Industry

T he jubilee60th MSV(International Engineering Fair)has showcased cutting-edge technology and the best of the history and present of the Czech and Slovak industry.From1to5October2018,six industrial fairs were held at the Brno Exhibition Centre,together with a unique exhibition commemorating the100th anniversary of Czechoslovakia.

ZTE Cikey Wins the Best LTE Device/Handset Award

28 May 2012, Barcelona -- ZTE Corporation announced at the LTE World Summit 2012 that ZTE Cikey won the Best LTE Device/Handset award for its powerful user-access functions and for the way it has improved the mobile customer experience.

ON REMES ALGORITHA FOR THE BEST CHEBYSHEV APPROXIMATION FROM VARISOLVENT FAMILY

In this paper, Remes algorithm is applied to compute the numerical solution of the best chebyshev approximation from varisolvent family. Feasibility and convergence of the algorithm are discussed carefully.

H&M “Finally” Lands in Beijing Fashion and quality at the best price

Yes,the trend boys and girls can buy the latest collection of H&M in Beijing directly,finally.On April 23rd,H&M,Hennes&Mauritz AB,opened its

Best of the Best

The top 100 recommended Chinese enterprises in Africa have been chosen to provide a reference for China-Africa business cooperation

Putting the Best Foot Forward

Amazing China, a 90-minute documentary which focuses on China＇s accomplishments over the past five years, has been a huge success at the box office since it hit the screens in China on March 2. One scene, in particular, struck a chord with audiences when Zhang Huarong, Chairman of Chinese shoemaker Huajian Group, sang the Chinese song Unity Is Strength with Ethiopian employees in the group＇s Ethiopian factory.

The Best of Première Vision

Première Vision China is the unique place of creativity. It is the opportunity for the major Chinese Fashion professionals to choose incomparable fabrics that will meet their needs and will make all the difference in their collections. Do not miss this exceptional moment of inspiration!