Taking the Path of Poverty Reduction with Chinese Characteristics to Promote New Progress in China's Human Rights——A Keynote Speech at the Opening Ceremony of 2018 Beijing Forum on Human Rights

The 2018 Beijing Forum on Human Rights opens on this wonderful autumn day.On behalf of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, I wish to express warm congratulations on the opening of the forum and a sincere welcome to all guests from home and abroad.

Strategic Thinking on the Path of National Security with Chinese Characteristics

General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee Xi Jinping has creatively put forward a holistic approach to national security and the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,which are synergistic and inseparable.Compared with other major global powers,China is embarking on a path of national security that incorporates distinctive Chinese characteristics.Unlike the United States,which seeks international expansion and hegemony while pursuing national security,China is dedicated to maintaining global security and building a community with a shared future for humanity.Unlike Russia,which prioritizes national security over everything else,China places greater emphasis on balancing development and security.Unlike Europe and Japan,which entrust their national security to other countries,China has always adhered to the principle of independence and self-reliance.An essential feature of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics is that it upholds the unity of the people’s security,political security,and the supremacy of national interests.Moreover,China will remain committed to peaceful development while defending its interests.China will continue to balance development and security imperatives,maintaining an independent foreign policy while building a community with a shared future for humanity.To make solid strides on the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,the fundamental task will be pursuing a holistic approach to national security and implementing the Ten Upholds.

The Path of Human Rights Development with Chinese Characteristics and the Party's Leadership Development

Driving the development of human rights in China and participating in global human rights governance are the inherent requirements for the development of human rights with Chinese characteristics.To explore a path for the development human rights with Chinese characteristics,the fundamental requirement is to push forward the development of the Party’s leadership in multiple dimensions while adhering to the Party’s leadership.Among them,the Party’s political leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics to move in the right direction.The Party’s ideological leadership provides advanced guidance for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.The Party’s strategic decision-making capability determines the effectiveness of the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.The Party’s capability of mobilizing and leading the whole of society and integrating political and social resources is a necessity for a sustainable power supply for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.Establishing a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics and further promoting respect for and protection of human rights are important actions to advance the Party’s leadership development in the New Era.

The Development Path for Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics

Like most countries in the world, China supports the ideal of human rights de- picted and advocated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international docu- ments and agrees with the idea that human rights should be universal. However, China also holds that to better realize the common goals of human rights requires that each coun- try explore and find the best and most efficient way in accordance with its own conditions. One of the reasons for the fast development of human rights in China since its reform and opening-up is that China has chosen a development path for human rights according to its own conditions. The path fits the conditions of China and therefore efficiently promotes the realization of universal human rights.

An Overview of Overseas Interpretation of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

with the rise of China,how to correctly understand the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become a hot issue in the international community.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the product of the Sinicization of Marxism,and its core point is the leadership of the Communist Party of China.This is the basic perspective to explain this path.From the perspective of the historical process of world modernization,the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has broken the exclusive situation of Western modernization and provides a new choice for those countries and nations that want to accelerate development while maintain their own independence.

Strategic Thinking on the Russia-Ukraine Crisis from the Perspective of a Holistic Approach to National Security

Xi Jinping,General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,has creatively put forward a holistic approach to national security,making a major breakthrough beyond the traditional national security concepts and providing the world with a new one characterized by universality and inclusivity.This thesis uses a holistic approach to national security to analyze the ongoing Russia-Ukraine crisis:its underlying causes,latest developments,tactics deployed,and potential implications.The outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine crisis highlights the antagonism between different national security paths of the US,Russia,and Ukraine.Moreover,the crisis has proven the correctness of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics and the importance of pursuing peaceful development.The process of the Russia-Ukraine crisis has foregrounded the necessity and scientificity of balancing development and security-that is,a higher level of national security provides a guarantee and support for high-quality development,which in turn improves its competence and efficiency.Typified by intertwined traditional and non-traditional security issues,the form of the RussiaUkraine crisis has indicated that,to safeguard national security,China must coordinate a full spectrum of security issues,be prepared for worst-case scenarios,and remain keenly alert to potential dangers.Efforts must be made to strengthen a well-coordinated,interconnected,and multi-pronged approach.The consequences of the Russia-Ukraine crisis shed light on the complexity of the international security environment wheredisorder prevails,and underscore the importance of paying equal attention to our security and that shared by the world.China must continue to encourage all other countries to pursue peaceful development,actively respond to the legitimate security concerns of the international community,and promote a new type of international security framework that features mutually beneficial cooperation under the vision of a community with a shared future for humanity.

Innovation of Chinese Discourse in the Context of Reform and Opening Up

Through reform and opening up,China has moved from the edge of the world arena to the center and this great historical change in its development has created new requirements for the innovation of Chinese discourse.The remarkable achievements of reform and opening up have not only maintained the vitality of Chinese discourse,but also built the inherent foundation for holding confidence in discourse.The key reason why the policy of reform and opening up has facilitated the historic construction of Chinese discourse is that it is a scientific answer to the questions of our times about how to build socialism in a country relatively backward in the level of economy and education.In a new era for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the innovations and development of Chinese discourse have shown new features rarely seen before,among which the most significant is that constructing Chinese discourse is no longer a matter of individual cases but more of a common phenomenon.In the historic journey towards an all-round in-depth reform,broader theoretical space has been created for Chinese discourse.In addition,it is an important signpost in the path of promoting innovative development of Chinese discourse in a new era,namely,how to"tell China’s stories well",and establish an appropriate mode for conveying Chinese discourse to the world.

BUILDING A MODERATELY PROSPEROUS SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS——Poverty Reduction: Xi Jinping’s Statements and Chinese Path

After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and opening up, in particular, China has planned for and organized development-oriented poverty reduction practices on a broad scale with remarkable achievements and blazed a new path of development-oriented poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. This path is both an essential component of Chinese socialism and a result of the CPC’s ideological improvement on poverty reduction. Since the 18 th CPC National Congress in 2012, the whole Party, country, and society have been called upon to fight the battle against poverty on a full-scale under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on poverty reduction, unveiling a new stage for China’s development-oriented poverty reduction in the new era. China’s unprecedented poverty reduction achievements have enriched the path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping’s insightful and coherent statements on poverty reduction represent the latest results of Marxist anti-poverty theories and comprise an essential part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era. His guidelines are the basis for the brilliant achievements of China’s poverty reduction endeavors, and will contribute Chinese experience and wisdom to global poverty governance.

中国特色农业强国建设的价值意蕴与推进路径

中国特色农业强国是基于我国国情农情提出的农业发展战略,是兼顾国内农业发展特殊个性与国际农业现代化普遍共性的创新探索,更是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要支撑。新时期,推进中国特色农业强国建设有利于实现农民农村共同富裕,完善现代农业产业体系,打造人与自然和谐共生的美丽乡村。鉴于此,文章提出以下几点:以实现共同富裕为目标,明确中国特色农业强国建设的重要方向;以促进乡村产业兴旺为根本,夯实中国特色农业强国建设的基础保障;以创设乡村生态宜居环境为指向,厘清中国特色农业强国建设的具体思路;以实现创新驱动发展为动力,保证中国特色农业强国建设的高效推进。

新时代中国特色学徒制制度特征及优化路径--基于对2012-2022年81份学徒制政策文本的分析

中国特色学徒制制度是现代学徒制在新时代中国的制度实现形态,是中国特色学徒制政策发展的逻辑起点。以2012-2022年中国特色学徒制政策文本内容为依据,从政策视角对新时代中国特色学徒制制度进行分析表明,中国特色学徒制制度是中国特色职业教育和培训制度改革发展的必然结果,它建立在新时代学徒制本土化实践试验的基础上,融汇聚力政校行企等多元主体参与学徒人才培养,最终为中国式现代化提供技术技能人才支撑。针对中国特色学徒制制度构建中所面临的难点,未来还需进一步优化顶层设计、强化制度供给,协调各方利益、构建共治网络,引导行业参与、增强校企合力,完善质量体系、提升应用价值,由此推动中国特色学徒制实现高质量内涵式发展。

加快建设金融强国的理论内涵及实现路径

在全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程上,提出加快建设金融强国目标,是高质量发展的必然要求,也是建设现代化经济体系的必然选择。通过深化对金融本质和规律的认识,得出金融发展具有全局性、系统性、前瞻性的特点,金融强国具有主权货币国际化、金融体系完备化、金融服务高效化、金融风险低少化等标志特征。为实现强国建设、民族复兴,需要坚定不移走中国特色金融发展之路,加快建设金融强国。

中国式现代化背景下教师教育高质量发展的内在逻辑、本质特征与实践路径

高质量发展是教师教育领域践行中国式现代化的逻辑反映和具体方式,对加快建成教育强国具有战略性、基础性、全局性作用。中国式现代化背景下的教师教育高质量发展,具有严密的政治、经济、文化和技术逻辑,表现为以党的全面领导为根本保证,以实现共同富裕为目标追求,以优秀文化为重要根基,以数字技术为新型动力。中国式现代化的关键在于中国特色,中国特色彰显了我国教师教育高质量发展鲜明的人民性、实践性、全面性和开放性等本质特征。未来,需要从价值引领、制度保障、文化赋能、技术支撑及内外联动等维度入手,才可能消解教师教育高质量发展存在的壁垒。

中国式水治理现代化发展评估及时空特征

水治理是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的重要组成部分,中国式水治理现代化是高质量发展与中国式现代化的重要内容。对中国式水治理现代化进行精准识别和系统评估是推动中国式现代化建设和可持续发展的关键工作。以中国式现代化的内涵特征为指引,结合水治理的行业特色和实际需求,从人口、经济、协调以及生态等4个维度,构建中国式水治理现代化综合评价体系,基于2008-2021年省级面板数据,利用空间分析方法探究中国式水治理现代化发展水平的时空演化特征,并利用灰色关联度模型分析中国式水治理现代化的影响因素。研究结果表明:中国式水治理现代化发展水平总体呈现上升趋势;中国式水治理现代化的区域异质性特征较为显著,呈现出“东部高、中部次之、西部较低”的梯度格局,且区域差距存在扩大趋势;城镇化率、城市用水普及率、城市污水处理率、人均综合用水量、总人口数、生态用水占比等指标与水治理现代化发展水平关联程度最大。建议制定具有差异化、针对性、前瞻性的发展战略和政策,西部地区应进一步增加生态用水投入量,中部区域可以通过优化人均综合用水量的方式提升水治理现代化发展水平。研究丰富了中国式现代化理论体系,也为中国式水治理的发展提供了科学依据。

习近平关于中国特色自由贸易港的重要论述研究

建设中国特色自由贸易港是习近平总书记亲自谋划、亲自部署、亲自推动的改革开放重大举措。2018年4月以来,习近平总书记对中国特色自由贸易港建设作出一系列重要讲话和指示批示,提出了中国特色自由贸易港建设的基本考量、基本原则、主要目标、重点任务、方法步骤等,形成习近平关于中国特色自由贸易港的重要论述。习近平关于中国特色自由贸易港的重要论述是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的有机组成部分,为海南自由贸易港建设指明了根本遵循,对推进和拓展新时代中国式现代化具有重要意义。

中国特色高等教育治理体系现代化建设的内涵与路径

随着我国高等教育进入了新发展阶段,国家治理体系和治理能力现代化被进一步提上日程,高等教育治理体系现代化建设必须彰显中国特色。中国特色高等教育治理体系现代化的基本内涵表现在坚持和加强党的全面领导、秉持新发展理念、以人民为中心的价值取向、以立德树人为终极目标。推进中国特色高等教育治理体系现代化建设,必须确保党在高等教育治理中的核心领导地位,以新发展理念引领高等教育治理新发展,确立以人民为中心的高等教育治理体系改革导向,优化高等教育治理的权责配置,以现代信息技术手段创新高等教育治理方式。

教育强国建设的中国特色道路

教育强国是我国教育改革发展的战略部署和核心目标,必须基于中国国情走中国特色道路。从教育内外部关系和影响来看,教育强国的基本特征与关键指标体现为建成强质量的教育体系、发挥强支撑的教育功能、形成强认同的教育影响。中国特色教育强国建设必须坚持党对教育强国建设的全面领导,立足于我国教育领导体制和运行机制,在传承创新教育改革发展有益经验的基础上持续推进,推进教育治理体系和治理能力现代化,形成扎根中国教育实践的教育强国建设模式。基于战略分析和关键问题回应,教育强国建设要推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设,以教育评价系统改革引领教育综合改革,建设高素质的教师队伍并激发其能动性,根据教育要素推进人才培养模式创新,基于教育数字化建设形成教育发展新动能。

中国式现代化的超越性逻辑

中国式现代化获得和确证其共同特征与中国特色的关键环节和逻辑枢纽,就在于在区分一般规律及其特殊模式的基础上,坚持科学社会主义基本原则而又突破和超越了社会主义建设的“苏联模式”,遵循世界现代化的一般规律而又突破和超越了现代化建设的“西化模式”,遵循人类社会发展普遍规律而又突破和超越了传统与现代的二元对立,实现了科学社会主义理论逻辑和中国社会发展历史逻辑的辩证统一,深刻回答了世界现代化之问,拓展了发展中国家实现现代化的途径,深刻改变了世界现代化运动的基本格局和历史进程,集中体现了其超越性逻辑。中国式现代化的超越性逻辑归根结底是中国社会主义现代化建设模式的自我超越逻辑,是中国共产党以自我革命引领社会革命的重大成果。中国式现代化既无意取代、反制、颠覆西方现代化,也无意在世界上推行自身,而是主张尊重各国选择自己现代化道路的自主权。

以人民为中心:中国式现代化的根本逻辑

以人民为中心是中国式现代化的根本逻辑。中国共产党的领导和中国特色社会主义道路决定了中国式现代化的“人民属性”,中国共产党的领导是中国式现代化的命脉所系,中国特色社会主义道路是中国式现代化的必由之路。“五位一体”总体布局体现中国式现代化的“人民立场”,实现高质量发展是满足人民对美好生活的需要,发展全过程人民民主是人民当家作主地位的保障,丰富人民精神世界助推人民自由而全面发展,实现全体人民共同富裕是党和人民的共同愿景,促进人与自然和谐共生关系人民千秋万代的永续发展;构建人类命运共同体与创造人类文明新形态彰显了中国式现代化的“人类情怀”,增进了人类社会的共同福祉,推动了人类社会的共同进步。

中国现代化的启动逻辑及双重超越

中国现代化启动的历史逻辑是,迫切需要新的思想引领救亡运动、新的政治组织凝聚革命力量、新的道路来改变民族命运。中国共产党在百年奋斗历程中,重点解决思想、组织和道路三大问题,并不断进行创新与优化,致力于以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。对于中国现代化的启动逻辑,中国共产党团结带领人民群众既从实践探索中完成了超越,也在理论建构中实现了超越。

中国式现代化与人类文明新形态的时代内涵

理解人类文明新形态的主要内涵、形成逻辑与重要意义,需要将其放在中国特色社会主义与社会主义初级阶段的特定语境之中,也即人类文明新形态有着特定的时代内涵。人类文明新形态源于中国式现代化的实践成就与理论升华,其产生的标志是统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局的提出,相应地“五个文明”的协调发展成为其核心以及主要表现形式。而新发展理念则从方法论与世界观的维度开创人类文明新形态并指引着其发展。在人类文明新形态的形成过程中,马克思主义中国化时代化的“两个结合”不仅构成其根脉和魂脉,而且为其发展成熟提供精神指引。在社会主义初级阶段乃至更高阶段,人类文明新形态以实现全体人民物质生活和精神生活的共同富裕以及人的全面自由发展为目标,而全体人民共同富裕彰显其先进特质并推动其发展。人类文明新形态的内涵也就借助中国式现代化、“五个文明”、新发展理念、“两个结合”与共同富裕等具有中国特色的话语表达出来,显示出其与传统社会主义文明和西方资本主义文明相比较的创新性、发展性、世界性及其使命追求。由于人类文明新形态产生于中国特色社会主义初级阶段,其发展与成熟既与中国式现代化的发展成熟同步,也是一个与之相比更长的发展过程,但在世界百年未有之大变局的时代背景下也给人类现代化与人类文明发展提供了方案与方向。