Analysis of Family Education Differences between China and America under Cross-Cultural Perspective

Family education refers to the influence of parents on children's growth and development in the process of family interaction,and it is an important part of the whole educational cause.The differences in the purpose,content and mode of family education between China and the United States are mainly determined by three factors:history,culture,values and social conditions.This paper will make a comparative analysis of the differences and their causes in family education between China and the United States from three aspects:the purpose,content and mode of family education,which will help to eliminate misunderstandings in the process of intercultural communication and provide some enlightenment for family education between China and the United States.

On the Differences of Chinese and American Family Education from a Cultural Perspective

In essence, the international competition for talents is determined by the quality of family education. There are a number of family education systems in the world, and each has its distinctive feature, which reflects its unique culture. Although Chinese family education system is a successful one in general, problems appear in recent years. Through comparing some relevant aspects of family education between China and the U.S. from a cultural perspective, we can gain good experiences from American family education and promote the reform of Chinese family education.

A Comparative Study on Family Education in America and China

Family education is an important complement to school education.This paper focuses on the differences and similarities of family education in America and China to accelerate their learning from each other and improvement.

家庭背景对NSSE-China高等教育质量测评指标的影响

通过对W学校2011年学情调查(NSSE-China)数据的分析,结果显示不同家庭的经济资本、文化资本及社会资本对NSSE-China高等教育质量测量五项可比指标存在影响。

A Comparison between Life of Chinese Women and That of American Ones

The United States is the largest developed country in the world and China is the largest developing country in the world. As America and China are playing increasingly important roles in the world, people are eager to learn more about these countries. This paper makes a comparison of the lives of Chinese and American women so as to give readers an idea of the cultures, customs and values of these two countries. The discussion of women's lives in China and America is conducted from three aspects, namely, occupation, women and family, women's education.

父母受教育程度对青年生育意愿的影响——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据的分析

青年生育意愿减弱是造成当前“超低生育率”问题的重要原因,而青年生育意愿的形成深受父母个人特征的影响。基于此,运用2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,考察了父母受教育程度对青年生育意愿的影响机制。研究发现,父母受教育程度越高,青年的生育意愿越低;照料支持和“传宗接代”观念在父母受教育程度对青年生育意愿的影响过程中发挥了中介作用;经济帮助并非父母受教育程度对青年生育意愿产生代际影响的有效方式;相比于男性,女性的生育意愿更容易受到父母受教育程度的影响。在当前父母受教育程度不断提升的背景下,加强公共托幼服务,提供隔代照料津贴,培育积极生育观念和完善女性生育保障是提升青年生育意愿的有效政策措施。

促进抑或阻碍:家校合作活动与家长学业参与——基于CEPS数据的实证分析

家校合作是基础教育综合改革的重要举措,学校与家庭之间的合作对学生的学习和成长具有重要影响。基于中国教育追踪调查数据,采用多元线性回归等方法,探究以学校为主导的家校合作的各项活动对家长学业参与的影响,并分析家校合作活动对不同文化资本家长学业参与影响的异质性。研究发现:生活辅导和家长会对家长学业参与存在正向促进作用,在部分维度上,对文化资本较低家长的学业参与影响效应更大;邀请家长观看演出或者参与课外活动对家长学业参与可能存在阻碍作用;书面报告、邀请家长听课或座谈只对文化资本较高的家长学业参与产生显著正向影响。学校应重视文化资本较低家长的需求,优化家校合作的各项活动,以促进家长更好地参与子女的教育。

论义务教育均等化对西部地区教育代际流动性的影响——基于义务教育“两基”计划的实证研究

基于中国家庭追踪调查2020年数据,并使用家族固定效应模型控制先天效应的影响,考察了义务教育“两基”攻坚计划对西部地区教育代际流动性的影响及其机制。研究发现:“两基”计划的实施没有促进西部地区家庭由先天效应和培养效应共同实现的教育代际流动性,但显著提高了由培养效应实现的教育代际流动性。异质性与机制分析发现,“两基”计划对教育代际流动性的作用不存在性别差异,并且与高收入家庭和高学历家庭相比,该计划对提高西部地区中、低收入家庭和低学历家庭由培养效应实现的教育代际流动性的作用更显著;“两基”计划通过减缓家庭社会经济背景对子代教育的影响,从而提高教育代际流动性。在不同教育层级上,“两基”计划对教育代际流动性的改善主要发生在较低的教育层级上,并显著促进了父代受教育水平在高中以下家庭的教育代际向上流动性。

民国教育界对南沙群岛主权归属的宣传与教育——以“九小岛事件”为考察对象

1933年法国侵犯中国南沙群岛主权,引发“九小岛事件”。教育界对此纷纷撰文,有力揭露法国的侵略行径,积极宣传九小岛主权归属中国的事实;同时利用传道授业所长,通过设计教学大纲、编写教案教材等方式,传授九小岛相关的史地知识;并以多种形式大力开展国家领海主权观念的普及工作。教育界围绕“九小岛事件”对南沙群岛主权归属的宣传、教育和普及工作,属历史首次,可谓民国时期“课程思政”的一次成功实践,值得后人借鉴。

民国徽州宗族礼仪观的革新——以徽州家谱族规家训为中心

晚清以降,在经济、政治、文化,以及宗族自身等诸多因素的共同作用下,徽州基层社会逐渐呈现出崭新的近代化文化景观。时至民国,徽州宗族对以冠(笄)、婚、丧、祭为主要内容的礼仪观念进行了一定程度的革新。主要表现为:徽州宗族对冠(笄)礼的重视程度有明显削弱;对婚礼则提倡从简,并在沿袭传统习俗的基础上进行了调整和转变;对丧礼主张遵从《文公家礼》与名儒古训,提倡节俭,反对铺张行为,保护祖墓坟茔,反对传统陋习;对祭礼则依然非常重视,不仅强调严修祭事,遵守祭祀时节、规则等,还强化了祀产的管理力度。宗族礼仪观的改变,反映了裂变时代中徽州宗族文化的变迁实态,以及衰落时期的宗族社会文化心理特征。

中西部乡村地区家校社协同育人的现实困境与纾解路径——基于37位乡村校长访谈数据的质性分析

随着教育改革的纵深发展,家校社协同育人成为促进我国基础教育高质量发展的应有之义。通过对37位中西部地区乡村校长访谈数据的质性分析发现,中西部乡村地区家校社协同育人的现实困境主要表现在认知困境、师资困境、沟通困境和管理困境四个方面。促进乡村地区家校社协同育人,需要增强家长心理资本,以获得感为取向促进农村家长对家校共育的认同;加强队伍建设,以主题培训为抓手提高乡村教师的家庭教育指导专业素养;优化资源供给,以社区资源整合为手段丰富家庭教育指导内容;强化制度保障,以机制建设为驱动促进家校社三方高效联动。

新时代我国家庭教育政策工具的使用及优化研究——基于《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》政策文本内容的分析

《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》的颁布标志着我国进入家庭教育有法可依的新时代。政策是制定法律法规的依据,法律法规是政策的具体化。文章关注政策工具的选择和优化,基于政策工具与政策内容的二维分析框架,运用内容分析法对《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》政策文本进行编码、统计与分析,洞悉新时代家庭教育政策特征及存在的问题。研究发现:政策工具的使用存在结构性失衡,政策内容的分布凸显决策偏好,政策工具与政策内容的适配度有待调整。建议从以下三方面进行优化:理性分析,提升政策工具选择的科学性;均衡配置,促进家庭教育共同体的协同性;精准匹配,提升政策工具与内容的适配性。

觉醒家庭——基于《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》的解读

家庭教育是社会教育、学校教育之基,对个人、家庭、社会影响深远。觉醒家庭是要家庭教育回归家庭,落实《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》要突破责任主体对家庭教育的认知、理解及行动困境,觉醒家庭尊重家庭教育内环境、构建学习型家庭、坚持协同育人原则;打破家庭学校社会协同育人实践瓶颈,觉醒家庭实现责任边界与行动边界一致、家庭教育组织协同与育人机制一致;实现家庭教育提质增效,觉醒家庭改变教育认知、转变教育观念、改善教养方式,促进全社会形成教育合力,推进家庭教育指导服务体系建设,优化我国的家庭教育生态。

瑞吉欧理念——融入我国家园社共育的助推器

国内学前教育越来越重视幼儿全面成长的需要,迫切探寻科学的教育理念和方法来促进社会的共同发展,为此从国外著名瑞吉欧理念中汲取理念精髓使之成为幼儿园、家庭和社区共育的助推器,旨在帮助三方实现共育目标。研究从教育场域、组织机构、教育理念、特色社区等方面提出相关策略,探讨如何在育人过程中更好地理解和应用瑞吉欧理念,通过融入家庭、幼儿园和社区的资源和力量,为幼儿创造一个良好的成长环境,以实现共同育人的目标。

Does Population Aging Hinder the Accumulation of Human Capital?Evidence from China

There is no consensus on the impact of population aging on education investment.To explore this question,we first build an overlapping generations(OLG)model to theoretically analyze the effect of population aging on human capital investment in China,and then test our theory by conducting an empirical study based on micro household data.We find the following.(1)Theoretically,the OLG model shows that population aging has a crowding-out effect on education investment.(2)Empirically,the results show that the share of education and training expenditures decreases by 5.27 percentage points as the ratio of old people in the household increases by 100 percentage points,which confirms the crowding-out effect of population aging on human capital investment.(3)The crowding-out effect is far more intense on urban households than on rural households since health care expenditures will be greater in urban areas as population aging increases.(4)A quantile regression indicates that the negative effect of population aging on the share of educational expenditure is concentrated in households with higher shares of education expenditures.We confirm the robustness of our results using regional fixed effect and instrumental variable(Ⅳ)regressions.

How did women’s education and differential family planning policies shape transition to second and third births in historical China? New evidence from micro data

The influence of China’s family planning policies on fertility transition is widely acknowledged in research studies.However,little is known about how improve-ments in women’s education have shaped reproductive decisions of Chinese women across different family planning regimes,particularly at micro level.This study uses retrospective pooled birth history data from five consecutive population and fam-ily planning surveys collected over the period 1982-2006 to systematically examine the interrelationship between family planning policies and women’s education,and their interactive effect on the second and third birth transitions.We hypothesize that family planning policies had a differential influence on educational groups in reduc-ing the transition to second and third births.The results from discrete time com-plementary log-log survival models provide strong evidence of differential repro-ductive behavior of education groups across time in China,and the simultaneous influence of women’s education and family planning policies in lowering risks to higher parities.The rates of progression to second and third births tend to be lower after the introduction of rigid family planning policies,and more importantly,the policy impact persisted even after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors.The increase in women’s education overall had a depressing effect on transi-tion to higher parities,and family planning policies implemented overtime have had differential effects on women from different educational groups.The findings show that both family planning policies and women’s education have been instrumental in shaping fertility behavior in China.

Only Children Are No Longer "Little Emperors" ——About Family Education in China

ONLY children have become a common concern of society since China adopted its family planning policy 20 years ago. A report titled "Little Emperors in China," published several years ago, delineated the real living conditions of only children in contemporary Chinese cities. Almost all of these children were found to dominate their families. They were called the "little suns" of the family. There were never parents in Chinese history like oday’s parents who shed their hearts’ blood for and expected so much from

书香盈室:民国时期家庭巡回文库的创设及运行

家庭巡回文库是民国时期公共图书馆创设的一种馆外流通服务形式,具体由公共图书馆根据家庭阅读需求进行图书配送,并定期开展巡回流通服务。家庭巡回文库作为家庭文库与巡回文库的糅合体,其创设及运行不仅对民国时期的家庭教育事业有着潜滋暗长之效,即便对当今公共图书馆的家庭阅读推广工作亦有着重要借鉴价值。

教育婚姻匹配模式对子女教育期望的影响——基于CFPS数据的实证分析

运用CFPS2018年全国抽样调查数据,使用排序选择模型(Ordered Logit)分析教育婚姻匹配模式对子女教育期望的影响,同时运用更换模型和被解释变量的方法进行了稳健性检验,结果表明基准模型具有较高可信度。研究发现:(1)教育婚姻匹配模式会显著影响子女教育期望。(2)在教育婚姻匹配的同质婚中,夫妻双方学历越高,对子女的教育期望也越高。(3)夫妻受教育程度匹配的梯度对子女教育期望的影响存在差异,“男高女低”的教育婚配模式使子女教育期望值略有降低,但未产生显著影响;“女高男低”的教育婚配模式则显著提高父母对子女的教育期望。教育婚姻匹配模式对子女教育期望影响显著,应出台相关政策缓解父母教育资源差异导致的教育不平等问题,同时关注弱势家庭的发展,为弱势家庭中的子女提供教育援助。此外,应该关注家庭中的性别角色对子女发展的影响,以及防范父母教育水平存在较大梯度差异的家庭中,教育理念冲突对孩子发展造成的不利影响。