Shaping Effects of the E-Fishbone in Tokamaks

Shaping effects of the E-fishbone in tokamaks are investigated. Coordinates related to the Solov＇ev configuration are used to calculate the precession frequency and kinetic contribu- tion. It is shown that elongation does not change the precession frequency and the kinetic energy. Growth rates of the E-fishbone vary with elongation which essentially has destabilizing effects. For elongated tokamaks, triangularity has a stabilizing effect on the modes which play a compensative role. The results may apply to Sunist.

Simultaneous Prediction of Retention Times and Peak Shapes of Sulfonamides in Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

In this paper, we propose a novelmethod based on the plate theory to simultaneously predict retention times and peak shapes under gradient elutions and different flow rates by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The proposed method yielded excellent retention prediction results in experiments with 16 common sulfonamides under 18 gradient conditions and four different flow rates, including 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 mL/min. The mean absolute deviation was 0.70%, which indicates accurate prediction. Moreover, the proposed method predicts the change wellin peak shapes caused by the expansion or compression ofpeaks under different gradient conditions.

Research on optimal drive joints configuration of a rolling robot of closed five-bow-shaped-bar linkage

The relationship between the stability and the configuration of the driving joint was studied as a measure to improve the stability of robot.The Lagrange dynamic equation of the robot was established.According to the principle of virtual work,the least squares solution of each joint torque was obtained.The relationship between the stability of the robot and the configuration of the driving joint is obtained by the sum of the norms of the joint torque.Finally,numerical simulations verify the correctness of the theory.

Proton and neutron alignments of the K~π=5/2^- band in ^(79)Kr

An experimental study of high-spin states in 79Kr has been performed at the GASP array using the reaction 55Mn(30Si, αpn). Nine new states along with 10 new gamma ray transitions were found in the Kπ=5/2- band in 79Kr. Three band crossings, associated with the alignments of a πg9/2 pair and a πg9/2 pair and also a high-j 5h11/2 intrude orbital, were observed at rotational frequency h=0.50, 0.65 and 0.90 MeV, respectively. A cranked shell model analysis has been made to interpret the experimental results.

A method for correcting characteristic X-ray net peak count from drifted shadow peak

To correct spectral peak drift and obtain more reliable net counts,this study proposes a long short-term memory(LSTM)model fused with a convolutional neural network(CNN)to accurately estimate the relevant parameters of a nuclear pulse signal by learning of samples.A predefined mathematical model was used to train the CNN-LSTM model and generate a dataset composed of distorted pulse sequences.The trained model was validated using simulated pulses.The relative errors in the amplitude estimation of pulse sequences with different degrees of distortion were obtained using triangular shaping,CNN-LSTM,and LSTM models.As a result,for severely distorted pulses,the relative error of the CNN-LSTM model in estimating the pulse parameters was reduced by 14.35%compared with that of the triangular shaping algorithm.For slightly distorted pulses,the relative error of the CNN-LSTM model was reduced by 0.33%compared with that of the triangular shaping algorithm.The model was then evaluated considering two performance indicators,the correction ratio and the efficiency ratio,which represent the proportion of the increase in peak area of the two characteristic peak regions of interest(ROIs)to the peak area of the corrected characteristic peak ROI and the proportion of the increase in peak area of the two characteristic peak ROIs to the peak areas of the two shadow peak ROI,respectively.Ten measurement results of the iron ore samples indicate that approximately 86.27%of the decreased peak area of the shadow peak ROI was corrected to the characteristic peak ROI,and the proportion of the corrected peak area to the peak area of the characteristic peak ROI was approximately 1.72%.The proposed CNN-LSTM model can be applied to X-ray energy spectrum correction,which is of great significance for X-ray spectroscopy and elemental content analyses.

Toroidicity and shape dependence of peeling mode growth rates in axisymmetric toroidal plasmas

The growth rate of the peeling mode instability with large toroidal mode number is calculated for general axisymmetric toroidal plasmas, including tokamaks and the spherical toms （ST） equilibia by using formalism presented by Connor et al. Analytic equilibia with non-zero edge current density and quasi-uniform current profiles are assumed. It is found that in sharp D-shape tokamak plasma, the derivative of the safety factor with respect to the poloidal flux becomes very large, making the perturbed poloidal motion very large, in turn making a significant reduction of the growth rate of the peeling mode, similar to the X-point effect in diverted plasma. The large aspect ratio effect is also studied, which reduces the growth rate further.

Peak-Shaped-Based Steganographic Technique for MP3 Audio

The aim of this work is the development of a steganographic technique for the MP3 audio format, which is based on the Peak Shaped Model algorithm used for JPEG images. The proposed method relies on the statistical properties of MP3 samples, which are compressed by a Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT). After the conversion of MP3, it’s possible to hide some secret information by replacing the least significant bit of the MDCT coefficients. Those coefficients are chosen according to the statistical relevance of each coefficient within the distribution. The performance analysis has been made by calculating three steganographic parameters: the Embedding Capacity, the Embedding Efficiency and the PSNR. It has been also simulated an attack with the Chi-Square test and the results have been used to plot the ROC curve, in order to calculate the error probability. Performances have been compared with performances of other existing techniques, showing interesting results.

考虑时段划分的高风电渗透率系统储能配置

随着风电渗透率不断升高,其波动性、随机性的特点使得电力系统出现严重的弃风及调峰困难问题。为此,提出一种考虑时段划分的高风电渗透率系统储能优化配置模型。首先,在净负荷的基础上计算峰谷隶属度,综合考虑风电消纳、峰谷差和用户满意度,采用量子粒子群算法寻优;其次,在最优时段的基础上综合考虑火电机组和储能的成本及收益,以净成本最小为目标函数优化出最优储能配置方案;最后,通过不同风电渗透率的算例分析验证所提优化模型的合理性和有效性。

面向季节性短时高峰负荷的虚拟配电馈线功能架构及协同配置

传统线路增容方式面对季节性短时高峰负荷时存在线路整体利用率低、紧急功率支撑能力差等问题。因此,文中以功能虚拟化为核心,研究了传统配电馈线与储能元件融合的虚拟配电馈线功能架构,利用双端储能元件搭建虚拟电能传输通道,以应对季节性短时高峰负荷、延缓传统线路增容改造工程,并在非高峰时期提供紧急功率支撑和辅助服务功能,提高储能元件整体利用率。为充分挖掘虚拟配电馈线的灵活传输和紧急功率支撑潜力,提出了配电网线路增容优化配置模型,在保证经济性和满足高峰负荷需求的前提下,优化虚拟配电馈线储能配置。算例研究表明,虚拟配电馈线能够有效延缓传统线路增容改造工程、应对季节性短时高峰负荷;对于线路负荷增长较稳定、线路长度较长和设计延缓增容年限较短的配电区域,虚拟配电馈线的优势更加凸显。

低空封闭连廊的表面风压和整体体型系数

采用刚性模型测压风洞试验研究低空封闭连廊的风压分布和整体体型系数,分析连廊4个表面测点的体型系数和非高斯分布特性,研究连廊整体体型系数随风向角和连廊长度的变化,给出低空封闭连廊的正迎风整体体型系数和角度风分配系数,基于极值分析方法给出连廊的全风向极值风压系数,最后给出连廊抗风设计的建议值.研究表明,低空封闭连廊在正吹情况下背风面的体型系数约为-1.04~-0.86,绝对值均大于规范中方柱的-0.6,导致连廊的整体体型系数大于规范中方柱的1.4,30 m长低空封闭连廊的整体阻力系数为1.61;正吹情况下连廊中间截面的整体体型系数大于其他截面,正吹风向角的整体体型系数大于其他风向角,连廊越长正迎风整体体型系数越大;在正吹情况下,连廊迎风面风压主要为高斯分布,其他表面主要为非高斯分布;给出正迎风整体体型系数和角度风分配系数以用于低空封闭连廊主体结构的抗风设计.

贝壳形屋盖风压系数密度峰值聚类分区研究

鉴于贝壳形屋盖表面风压分布的特殊性,提出基于快速搜索技术的密度峰值聚类风压系数分区方法。以某贝壳形屋盖表面风压分布试验结果为基础,进行密度峰值聚类风压系数分区,采用SD有效性指标验证分区数的合理性,并与改进k-means聚类分区结果进行对比。结果表明:密度峰值聚类风压系数分区以风压系数相对距离、局部密度和综合指数为特征参数,能较好反映屋面风压分布特性,有效保证类聚合性和类类分离性;相较于改进k-means分区法,不同风向角下密度峰值聚类得到的分区数与SD最优聚类数接近;密度峰值聚类分区结果能更准确反映贝壳形屋盖表面风压分布特性,充分体现测点风压系数局部密度和相对距离特征值较大的基本原则,对于贝壳形屋盖的风压系数分区具有更好的适用性;贝壳形屋盖密度峰值聚类分区最大负风压系数在-0.59~-1.74之间。

T形截面剪力墙约束边缘构件设计建议

约束边缘构件的构造对剪力墙抗震性能影响较大,抗震规范对T形截面剪力墙约束边缘构件的配筋及长度的相关规定可能存在不足。为研究T形截面剪力墙约束边缘构件的合理构造,基于有限元平台OpenSEES,建立了T形截面剪力墙纤维模型,仿真结果与试验数据吻合良好,验证了有限元模型的合理性和可靠性。在此基础上,研究T形截面剪力墙翼缘端约束边缘构件纵筋配筋率和腹板自由端约束边缘构件长度对其抗震性能的影响,结果表明:抗震规范对T形截面剪力墙翼缘端约束边缘构件纵筋配置的要求过于保守;降低翼缘端约束边缘构件的纵筋配筋率、同时增加腹板端约束边缘构件长度,可显著提升T形截面剪力墙抗震性能,且用钢量减少。借鉴美国规范ACI 318⁃19,提出了确定T形截面剪力墙腹板端约束边缘构件长度的简化方法,给出了T形截面剪力墙约束边缘构件的设计建议。

重大突发事件冲击下农业企业组织韧性的触发与塑造

农业企业组织韧性的触发与塑造是持续稳固农业基本盘、破局不确定性困境的重要途径,应以追求韧性诱发与生成的共轭为建设农业强国的价值考量。立足“资源-能力-关系”理论框架,运用定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)探讨农业企业组织韧性的多重触发因素及不同因素组态对农业企业组织韧性的塑造机制。研究表明:财务资源、政府补助、企业创新能力、员工薪酬激励和企业社会责任无法单独触发农业企业组织韧性;资源-关系双驱动型、资源-能力-关系共创型及能力-关系协同型是农业企业组织韧性塑造的三种构型。在重大突发事件冲击下,农业企业应“刚柔并济”落实激励机制与风险共担机制,以“人和”为底层逻辑、专项支持政策为破局基石健全保障机制,助推企业逆势成长。

一种采用记忆神经网络和曲线形状修正的负荷预测方法

针对分布式电源和新型负荷容量累积造成负荷影响因素多元化和不确定性特性增强的问题,文中提出一种采用记忆神经网络和曲线形状修正的负荷预测方法。在负荷峰值预测中,采用最大信息系数计算负荷峰值与影响因素的非线性相关性,实现对输入特征的筛选;综合考虑负荷峰值序列的长短期自相关性和输入特征与负荷峰值的不同程度相关性,结合Attention机制和双向长短时记忆(bidirectional long short-term memory,BiLSTM)神经网络建立负荷峰值预测模型。在负荷标幺曲线预测中,通过误差倒数法组合相似日和相邻日,建立负荷标幺曲线预测模型;针对预测偏差的非平稳特征,利用自适应噪声的完全集成经验模态分解和BiLSTM网络建立误差预测模型,对曲线形状进行修正。应用中国北方某城市的区域电网负荷数据为算例,验证了所提模型的有效性。

浅析反相高效液相色谱中样品溶剂对中药成分色谱保留行为的影响

目的探究反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)中样品溶剂对中药成分色谱保留行为的影响。方法选取2020版《中国药典》一部收载的5种中药,参照各药材含量测定项下要求进行HPLC法测定,初步研究龙胆苦苷-龙胆、紫丁香苷-刺五加、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷-杜仲、秦皮甲素-秦皮、腺苷-冬虫夏草受样品溶剂影响产生的色谱峰异常行为,深入探讨溶剂效应的机理,并提出解决方案。结果5种中药化学成分的色谱异常行为表现为保留时间漂移、色谱峰展宽、前延及裂分,产生上述异常现象的根本原因是溶解样品的溶剂和流动相存在某种不匹配,导致样品在溶剂与流动相中所处状态出现差异(溶剂效应)。消除溶剂效应的首选方法是用流动相或相近的溶剂溶解样品,此外,减小进样量和使用溶剂效应消除器可作为辅助手段。结论溶剂效应容易引起色谱峰异常,影响对化学成分定性和定量的准确性,应该在日常中药分析工作中予以重视。

可变形模块化履带机器人构型转换原理与验证

为实现机器人在不同环境中能够通过改变自身构型跨越障碍并完成任务,需对可变形模块化履带机器人构型之间的相互转换进行研究。以具有27种构型的机器人为研究对象,该机器人构成一个构型网络,每种构型被定义为加权定向构型网络中的一个节点。从一种构型到另一种构型的转换由非负权值的有向路径表示,权值均为1。采用Floyd算法,通过对距离矩阵和路由矩阵的迭代计算,求出构型网络中任意2种构型之间相互转换的最短步数与经过的中间构型。实物实验给出了可变形模块化履带机器人27种构型之间的相互转换以及面对不同环境以不同的构型应对的结果。实验结果表明,该机器人可以通过最短路径实现构型之间的相互转换,并且随着所处环境的不同,机器人可以改变自身构型顺利跨越障碍并完成任务。

基于d电子理论的Ti-Nb-Cu三元形状记忆合金性能优化

基于d电子理论设计Ti-Nb-Cu形状记忆合金的相组成,以优化其性能。XRD分析和TEM观察表明,Cu添加导致键级(Bo)和金属d轨道能级(Md)值减小,从而使相组成发生演变。随着Cu含量的增加,相组成的变化可以总结如下:β+α"→β+ω→β+α"+ω→β。随着Cu含量的增加,Ti-Nb-Cu形状记忆合金的屈服强度、极限抗拉强度和伸长率均呈先增大后减小的趋势。通过优化Cu合金元素含量,Ti-Nb-Cu形状记忆合金具有优异的力学性能,其屈服强度为528 MPa,极限抗拉强度为742 MPa,这主要归因于固溶强化、晶粒细化以及析出强化的综合作用。

考虑用户分摊调峰辅助服务费用的微网梯次电池储能优化配置

为提高居民区微网削峰填谷的效果,并降低储能系统成本,该文选择梯次电池作为储能系统,突破现有优化模型,考虑用户侧、储能侧多主体同时参与调峰,提出考虑用户分摊调峰辅助服务费用的微网梯次电池储能优化配置方法。首先,引入相关电源出力、负荷计算、储能充放电数学模型;其次,以配置梯次电池储能系统成本最低、用户分摊调峰辅助服务费用最低为目标函数,并采用粒子群算法进行模型求解;最后,以某居民区微网为算例,对比分析该方法的经济性与有效性,并对梯次电池储能配置的成本进行敏感性分析,得到不同参数变化对梯次储能电池总成本的影响程度。

不同暴雨条件下扇形和羽形流域的洪水规律

为了探讨降雨过程时空分布不均匀性对河道径流的影响,以沂河、沭河流域为例,利用瞬时单位线法和马斯京根法计算重现期为10、 20、 50 a的3 d特征暴雨和2019年台风“利奇马”暴雨在2个流域中的洪水流量,得出各防洪控制站在不同暴雨条件下的洪水规律。结果表明:扇形流域内洪水汇流较集中,容易发生洪灾;羽形流域内各支流洪水交错汇入干流,近水先去,远水后去,洪水较缓和,沂河的防汛压力大于沭河的防汛压力;在相同降雨量条件下,沂沭河流域内临沂站在从北向南的降雨过程中更易形成大洪峰,斜午站、石拉渊站和重沟站在从南向北的降雨过程中更易形成大洪峰;莒县站位于沭河上游,控制流域包含多个支流和3个水库,流域形状为属于羽形流域的沭河流域中的扇形流域,具有洪水汇流集中的特点,沭河莒县站的防汛压力大于沭河其他防洪控制站的防汛压力,而且当沭河流域出现大范围同步降雨过程时,莒县站更易形成大洪峰。

考虑柔性负荷的储能系统容量配置优化

为优化储能系统容量配置,提高经济性和节能效果、实现系统的削峰填谷,从源-荷两侧出发,基于MATLAB平台搭建了考虑柔性用能的储能容量优化配置模型,在投资运行成本最低和碳排放量最少的基础上,又提出了考虑系统源-荷匹配程度、负荷曲线平缓程度、综合能源利用率以及用电舒适度等多优化目标的综合评价方法。通过南京江北能源站具体算例结果表明,柔性负荷调节参与配置后不仅能提高系统整体运行经济性和环保性,还能在保障用户舒适度的前提下提高综合能源利用率并达到削峰填谷的目的,实现源-荷之间的友好互动,缓解电网压力。