The successful experience of cooperation between universities and kindergartens at home and abroad can be applied to thecooperative practice between universities and rural kindergartens, which will be helpful to the p...The successful experience of cooperation between universities and kindergartens at home and abroad can be applied to thecooperative practice between universities and rural kindergartens, which will be helpful to the professional development of RuralKindergartens and the healthy growth of rural kindergartens. In this paper, the state's current policies, advanced theoreticalresearch results at home and abroad and the status quo of rural preschool education were investigated and analyzed. Universitiesand rural kindergartens are expected to establish a good partnership, which is expected to promote rural preschool teachers toachieve better and faster professional growth, and promote the rapid and healthy development of rural preschool education.展开更多
Cultivating new bussiness entities is the key to speeding up improving new agricultural production and operating system.This study discussed two representative entities under the agricultural production and operating ...Cultivating new bussiness entities is the key to speeding up improving new agricultural production and operating system.This study discussed two representative entities under the agricultural production and operating system based on household contract management,namely,family farms and cooperatives.It introduced current development status of these two entities in Chongqing region,and discussed prominent problems of understanding,management,fund,personnel,technology,information,and system in the development process.In line with common problems such as single production structure and short supply of agricultural insurance,and different problems like organizational degree,it made comparative analysis.Finally,it is concluded that different institutional arrangement and pertinent support policy according to different development characteristics.展开更多
Better and greater coordination and integration between companies are essential for tourist destination development processes improving competitiveness.Moreover,it is difficult to imagine that all companies can cooper...Better and greater coordination and integration between companies are essential for tourist destination development processes improving competitiveness.Moreover,it is difficult to imagine that all companies can cooperate.In this way,we can imagine finding a group of companies that,for several reasons,decide to cooperate,creating some clusters as small groups.Companies with stable connections with other clusters or relevant companies could be relevant and central to Tourism Destination(TD)management.In this way,the knowledge of network articulation seems to be critical for TD management business dynamics.In most cases,the relationships are hidden and not formalised,increasing the complexity in TD analysis.The presence of clusters is possibly vitrificated using the Social Network Analysis(SNA)methodology.The present work could be framed in cooperative networks since it analyses the companies’commercial networks and clusters groups.The article focuses on how groupings of small firms can govern Tourism Destinations.This paper uses network indexes and metrics to emphasise structural features regarding the density and centrality of relationships.As the main result,in the case study analysed,there is a relational framework where three clusters of companies with a high density of exchanges emerge.These groups can influence the tourism business at the destination.展开更多
On January 12,2015,the top ten news about health and family planning in 2014were announced at the regular press briefi ng of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC).They are as follows.
Food safety issues constitute an international topic discussed by many scholars. Although there is an extensive body of literature on comparisons of food safety control practices across different governance structures...Food safety issues constitute an international topic discussed by many scholars. Although there is an extensive body of literature on comparisons of food safety control practices across different governance structures, these studies have been conducted mainly in terms of qualitative and descriptive analysis. In addition, little attention has been given to family farms. This study addresses the food safety control practices adopted by firms with different governance structures in China. Food safety control is expressed by the following aspects, i.e., pollution-free, green, organic, and/or geographical indication prod- ucts certification, establishment of production records, and pesticide residue testing. Three types of governance structures that engage in agricultural production are distinguished： farmer cooperatives, agricultural companies, and family farms. The food safety control practices of various governance structures are investigated based on a database that comprises 600 vegetable and fruit enterprises in Zhejiang, China. The results show that （1） pesticide residue testing is adopted by the most firms, followed by products certification, and production records are adopted by the fewest firms, and （2） agricul- tural companies adopt more food safety control practices than family farms, while farmer cooperatives adopt the fewest food safety control practices. Governance structure features of a cooperative in terms of ownership, decision-making, and income distribution are the main reasons for the low level of food safety control in the cooperative.展开更多
Reform of the corn stockpiling policy is a key initiative for advancing China's market-based grain stockpiling reform. It is a critical component of China's exploration of a price formation mechanism for agric...Reform of the corn stockpiling policy is a key initiative for advancing China's market-based grain stockpiling reform. It is a critical component of China's exploration of a price formation mechanism for agricultural products. Evaluating the effectiveness of such reform is therefore of great relevance. Based on nationwide farm monitoring data of 2014, 2015 and 2016, this paper examines the effects of the corn stockpiling reform on the decision of family farms to join cooperatives. Our finding suggests that after other factors that influence the decision of family farms to join cooperatives are controlled for, the probability of corn farms to join cooperatives in the Northeast and Inner Mongolia, where the corn stockpiling reform was carried out in 2016, is significantly higher compared with the probability of corn farms in non-reform areas that did so. The reason is that after the reform, corn producers must sell their corn to the market instead of to the State, bringing them sales problems, which could be mitigated to some extent by joining cooperatives.Thus, the corn stockpiling reform incentivized the market-based behavior of agricultural producers, giving play to the role of market mechanisms in regulating production and demand.展开更多
文摘The successful experience of cooperation between universities and kindergartens at home and abroad can be applied to thecooperative practice between universities and rural kindergartens, which will be helpful to the professional development of RuralKindergartens and the healthy growth of rural kindergartens. In this paper, the state's current policies, advanced theoreticalresearch results at home and abroad and the status quo of rural preschool education were investigated and analyzed. Universitiesand rural kindergartens are expected to establish a good partnership, which is expected to promote rural preschool teachers toachieve better and faster professional growth, and promote the rapid and healthy development of rural preschool education.
基金Supported by Decision Advisory Survey Program of Chongqing Association for Science & Technology(2013kxkt07)Key Project for Cultivation of Humanity and Social Science Research of Southwest University(12XDSK002)+1 种基金Key Decision Advisory Research Program of Chongqing Municipality(ZDKTB13001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in 2014(SWU1409321)
文摘Cultivating new bussiness entities is the key to speeding up improving new agricultural production and operating system.This study discussed two representative entities under the agricultural production and operating system based on household contract management,namely,family farms and cooperatives.It introduced current development status of these two entities in Chongqing region,and discussed prominent problems of understanding,management,fund,personnel,technology,information,and system in the development process.In line with common problems such as single production structure and short supply of agricultural insurance,and different problems like organizational degree,it made comparative analysis.Finally,it is concluded that different institutional arrangement and pertinent support policy according to different development characteristics.
文摘Better and greater coordination and integration between companies are essential for tourist destination development processes improving competitiveness.Moreover,it is difficult to imagine that all companies can cooperate.In this way,we can imagine finding a group of companies that,for several reasons,decide to cooperate,creating some clusters as small groups.Companies with stable connections with other clusters or relevant companies could be relevant and central to Tourism Destination(TD)management.In this way,the knowledge of network articulation seems to be critical for TD management business dynamics.In most cases,the relationships are hidden and not formalised,increasing the complexity in TD analysis.The presence of clusters is possibly vitrificated using the Social Network Analysis(SNA)methodology.The present work could be framed in cooperative networks since it analyses the companies’commercial networks and clusters groups.The article focuses on how groupings of small firms can govern Tourism Destinations.This paper uses network indexes and metrics to emphasise structural features regarding the density and centrality of relationships.As the main result,in the case study analysed,there is a relational framework where three clusters of companies with a high density of exchanges emerge.These groups can influence the tourism business at the destination.
文摘On January 12,2015,the top ten news about health and family planning in 2014were announced at the regular press briefi ng of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC).They are as follows.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China (13AZD079)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LQ14G030041 and LZ12G03003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71333011 and 71273234)
文摘Food safety issues constitute an international topic discussed by many scholars. Although there is an extensive body of literature on comparisons of food safety control practices across different governance structures, these studies have been conducted mainly in terms of qualitative and descriptive analysis. In addition, little attention has been given to family farms. This study addresses the food safety control practices adopted by firms with different governance structures in China. Food safety control is expressed by the following aspects, i.e., pollution-free, green, organic, and/or geographical indication prod- ucts certification, establishment of production records, and pesticide residue testing. Three types of governance structures that engage in agricultural production are distinguished： farmer cooperatives, agricultural companies, and family farms. The food safety control practices of various governance structures are investigated based on a database that comprises 600 vegetable and fruit enterprises in Zhejiang, China. The results show that （1） pesticide residue testing is adopted by the most firms, followed by products certification, and production records are adopted by the fewest firms, and （2） agricul- tural companies adopt more food safety control practices than family farms, while farmer cooperatives adopt the fewest food safety control practices. Governance structure features of a cooperative in terms of ownership, decision-making, and income distribution are the main reasons for the low level of food safety control in the cooperative.
基金a result of the First-Class Discipline Development Project of Guizhou University for Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management in Guizhou Province,2017(Project No.:GNYL[2017]002)the Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(NSS)"Summary of the Experiences of the Reform of Separate Ownership,Contract and Operation Rights of Agricultural Land in China and Evaluation of Implementation Effects"(Project No.:17BJY010)the key research project of the Ministry of Education "Study on the Separate Ownership,Contract and Operation Rights of Agricultural Land"(Project No.:16JZD024)
文摘Reform of the corn stockpiling policy is a key initiative for advancing China's market-based grain stockpiling reform. It is a critical component of China's exploration of a price formation mechanism for agricultural products. Evaluating the effectiveness of such reform is therefore of great relevance. Based on nationwide farm monitoring data of 2014, 2015 and 2016, this paper examines the effects of the corn stockpiling reform on the decision of family farms to join cooperatives. Our finding suggests that after other factors that influence the decision of family farms to join cooperatives are controlled for, the probability of corn farms to join cooperatives in the Northeast and Inner Mongolia, where the corn stockpiling reform was carried out in 2016, is significantly higher compared with the probability of corn farms in non-reform areas that did so. The reason is that after the reform, corn producers must sell their corn to the market instead of to the State, bringing them sales problems, which could be mitigated to some extent by joining cooperatives.Thus, the corn stockpiling reform incentivized the market-based behavior of agricultural producers, giving play to the role of market mechanisms in regulating production and demand.
