Study on Conceptual Planning of Group Landscapes in Urban Core Areas—A Case Study of Conceptual Landscape Planning of the Core Area in Shuangsong Group,Wanzhou District of Chongqing City,China

The planning site was divided into a spatial structure of"one center,one corridor,two axes,two belts and three communities"and traffic system designed to a 3-grade road system of"artery,secondary artery and by-pass".Meanwhile,a 3-ring structure of the planning site was constructed:diffusion waterfront landscape belt,waterfront pathway and core eco-green island.Finally,the planning concepts for major ecological constructions were given.This study tried to explore the group eco-landscape pattern in urban core areas so as to provide a strategic instruction for the regional sustainable development.

The Evolution of Landscape Patterns of and Optimization Measures for Urban Core Areas Against the Background of Urbanization: A Case Study of Yangling Demonstration Zone

Studying tiie urban landscape pattern plays a crucial role in scientific land use and management and in improving the urban ecological environment In this paper, AutoCAD, ArcGIS, Fragstats, and other software were used to analyse the data of the fourth phase of land use in the core atea of Yangling Demonstration Zone. The results showed that： ① in the core area, the percentage of construction land incteased from 18.22% to 61.72%, and the percentage of agricultufal land decreased from 58.36% to 11.14%. And the fafm land was fragmented, and traffic connectivily was strengthened. The afea of garden land was reduced from 251.89 hm2 to 50.38 hm^2, and the landscape metric of forest land showed an inverted V-shaped curve. ②The year 2009 in four phases witnessed the greatest landscape fragmentation, both Edge Density （ED） and Ingest Patch Index （LPI） increased, and human interference enhanced the overall landscape complexity. Measures were fotmulated in terms of deaf development goals, optimized allocation of land resoutces, effective protection of ecological ted lines, and definite ecological responsibility, so as to optimize the urban landscape pattern.

The Construction of an International Language Environment in the Core Urban Areas from the Perspective of Urban Planning

Urban planning is a process of government as planner to purposefully manage and intervene in the urban development. In this paper,five major tasks for the construction of an international language environment in the core urban areas are proposed from the perspective of urban planning:to explore an effective working mechanism for the construction of the international language environment;to improve the ability of citizens in foreign language communication;to standardize public bilingual notices and signs marking system;to innovate the internationalized operational models of the key industries;to create a multi-functional foreign language consulting service system. Thereby,the objective to improve the international language environment and competitiveness of the urban areas can be accomplished.

A Comparative Study on the Selected Area Electron Diffraction Pattern of Fe Oxide/Au Core-shell Structured Nanoparticles

The selected area electron diffraction （SAED） pattern of magnetic iron oxide core/gold shell nanoparticles has been studied. For the composite particles with mean size less than 10 nm, their SAED pattern is found to be different from either the pattern of pure Fe oxide nanoparticles or that of pure Au particles. Based on the fact that the ring diameters of these composite particles fit the characteristic relation for the fcc structure, the Au atoms on surfaces of the concerned particles are supposed to pack in a way more tightly than they usually do in pure Au nanoparticles. The driving force for this is the coherency strain which enables the shell material at the heterostructured interface to adapt the lattice parameters of the core.

Adjustment of Administrative Divisions and Upgrading of Industrial Structure in Hefei Metropolitan Area:Taking"Partitions of Chaohu"as a Quasi-natural Experiment

Administrative regions are an important environment for the operation of China's market economy.The relevant economic subjects cannot predict the policy of adjustment of administrative divisions and carry out conscious migration behavior,adjustment of administrative divisions can be regarded as a quasi-natural experiment.The three cities of Hefei,Wuhu,and Ma'anshan,which are directly related to the adjustment of the administrative division of Chaohu,are taken as the treatment group,and the seven adjacent cities of Lu'an,Huainan,Chuzhou,Bengbu,Anqing,Chizhou,and Tongling are taken as the control group.Differences-in-Differences method and relevant control variables affecting the upgrading of industrial structure are used to test.The test results show that"Partitions of Chaohu"has a significant industrial structure upgrading effect by promoting the optimization of spatial layout,the cross-regional flow of production factors and the effective management of Chaohu Lake Basin.At the same time,the increase of total retail sales of consumer goods,urban fixed assets investment,public utility expenses in science,education,culture and health,and population plays a significant positive role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure,while foreign direct investment plays a certain inhibition role in the upgrading of industrial structure.In order to meet the ever-developing space demands and enhance the impact on surrounding areas,the Hefei metropolitan area should be driven by technological innovation,strengthen the integration of industrial chains,improve the business environment and transportation network,and continuously promote the upgrading of industrial structure and the formation and development of new productive forces.

Home Range and Habitat Use of the Moustached Warbler (Acrocephalus melanopogon) during the Reproductive Period in the Eastern Iberian Peninsula

Many populations of the Moustached Warbler (Acrocephalus melanopogon) have suffered a noticeable decrease over the last decades. This work has the aim of estimating the home range of the Moustached Warbler and its habitat use during the reproductive season. We captured 11 males during the reproductive period with mist nets and marked them with radio transmitters. We determined the home range by calculating minimum convex polygon and kernel areas at 95% (home range) and 50% (core area). Then, to study the habitat use, we registered the proportion of the different vegetation types within these areas and carried out a compositional analysis to investigate if there is a detectable habitat preference. The results seem to indicate that the marked individuals did not show territorial behavior, given that the overlaps between home ranges and also the core areas were over 70%. The compositional analysis showed that A. melanopogon prefers tall and short reeds and mixed vegetation with rushes and bulrushes. Thus, maintaining heterogeneous and stratified vegetation would favor this species.

Growth behavior and resource potential evaluation of gas hydrate in core fractures in Qilian Mountain permafrost area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Qilian Mountain permafrost area located in the northern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a favorable place for natural gas hydrate formation and enrichment,due to its well-developed fractures and abundant gas sources.Understanding the formation and distribution of multi-component gas hydrates in fractures is crucial in accurately evaluating the hydrate reservoir resources in this area.The hydrate formation experiments were carried out using the core samples drilled from hydrate-bearing sediments in Qilian Mountain permafrost area and the multi-component gas with similar composition to natural gas hydrates in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.The formation and distribution characteristics of multi-component gas hydrates in core samples were observed in situ by X-ray Computed Tomography(X-CT)under high pressure and low temperature conditions.Results show that hydrates are mainly formed and distributed in the fractures with good connectivity.The ratios of volume of hydrates formed in fractures to the volume of fractures are about 96.8%and 60.67%in two different core samples.This indicates that the fracture surface may act as a favorable reaction site for hydrate formation in core samples.Based on the field geological data and the experimental results,it is preliminarily estimated that the inventory of methane stored in the fractured gas hydrate in Qilian Mountain permafrost area is about 8.67×1013 m3,with a resource abundance of 8.67×108 m3/km2.This study demonstrates the great resource potential of fractured gas hydrate and also provides a new way to further understand the prospect of natural gas hydrate and other oil and gas resources in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.

The Selection and Breeding of a Novel Microorganism Strain I and Investigation of Core Model Experiment for MEOR

This paper introduces the results of selecting and breeding a micro-organism, Strain I, and its core model experiment investigation for microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). Strain I was separated from the formation water of the Dagang oil field, with analytical results showing that Strain I is a gram-positive bacillus. A further study revealed that this strain has an excellent tolerance of environmental stresses: It can survive in conditions of 70℃, 30 wt% salinity and pH3.5-9.4. Strain I can metabolize biosurfactants that could increase the oil recovery ratio, use crude oil as the single carbon source, and decompose long-chain paraffin with a large molecular weight into short-chain paraffin with a small molecular weight. The core model experiment shows that Strain I enhances oil recovery well. Using 2 vol% of the fermentation solution of Strain I to displace the crude oil in the synthetic plastic bonding core could increase the recovery ratio by 21.6%.

Coexistence of natural gas hydrate,free gas and water in the gas hydrate system in the Shenhu Area,South China Sea

Shenhu Area is located in the Baiyun Sag of Pearl River Mouth Basin,which is on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea.Gas hydrates in this area have been intensively investigated,achieving a wide coverage of the three-dimensional seismic survey,a large number of boreholes,and detailed data of the seismic survey,logging,and core analysis.In the beginning of 2020,China has successfully conducted the second offshore production test of gas hydrates in this area.In this paper,studies were made on the structure of the hydrate system for the production test,based on detailed logging data and core analysis of this area.As to the results of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)logging and sonic logging of Well GMGS6-SH02 drilled during the GMGS6 Expedition,the hydrate system on which the production well located can be divided into three layers:(1)207.8–253.4 mbsf,45.6 m thick,gas hydrate layer,with gas hydrate saturation of 0–54.5%(31%av.);(2)253.4–278 mbsf,24.6 m thick,mixing layer consisting of gas hydrates,free gas,and water,with gas hydrate saturation of 0–22%(10%av.)and free gas saturation of 0–32%(13%av.);(3)278–297 mbsf,19 m thick,with free gas saturation of less than 7%.Moreover,the pore water freshening identified in the sediment cores,taken from the depth below the theoretically calculated base of methane hydrate stability zone,indicates the occurrence of gas hydrate.All these data reveal that gas hydrates,free gas,and water coexist in the mixing layer from different aspects.

Experimental study on the width of the turbulent area around bridge pier

At present, the method of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is not given in the ＂Standard for Inland River Navigation＂ （GB50139-2004） in China, and the bridge designer usually increases the bridge span in order to ensure the navigation safety, which increases both of the structural design difficulty and the project investments. Therefore, it is extremely essential to give a research on the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier. Through the experiments of the fixed bed and the mobile bed, the factors influencing the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier have been analyzed, such as the approaching flow speed, the water depth, the angles between the bridge pier and the flow direction, the sizes of bridge pier, the shapes of the bridge pier, and the scouting around the bridge pier, etc. Through applying the dimension analytic method to the measured data, the formula of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is then inferred.

Analysis and Application of the Series Core Snubber

The transformer core snubber （CS）, as one of the most important components in the EAST （experimental advanced superconducting tokamak） NBI （neutral beam injector） system, is designed to limit grid damage and protect the ion source during periods of electrical breakdowns. A transformer core snubber is analyzed in detail in this paper. Several kinds of soft magnetic cores are presented and compared. With analysis and experiment on the basic characteristics of the cores, the most suitable materials are suggested. The circuit simulation code is established which could simulate faulty conditions with concentrated and distributed CS concepts. Based on the above work, an ion source CS is developed with series type of distributed topology. The CS has been subjected to experimental validation at 80 kV with a peak short-current of approximately 400 A in a real NBI system, which proves the accuracy of the adopted assumptions and the analysis method.

Late Caledonian Orogenic Extensional Deformation and Metamorphic Core Complexes in Xuefengshan Area,Southern China

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Experimental Simulation Study of the Dominant Enrichment Area of Terrestrial Organic Matter in the Shallow-Delta Sedimentary System of the Yacheng Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin

Shallow-delta sedimentary systems receive both terrestrial and marine organic matter. As oil and gas exploration activities determine that the source rocks of the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea, are generally rich in and even dominated by terrestrial organic matter, this has led many researchers to examine the rules governing terrestrial organic matter enrichment in shallow-delta sea sedimentary systems. However, the deep burial of source rocks in deep-water areas and the relatively small amount of drilling undertaken have greatly restricted the study of these rules. In this study, the ‘forward modeling' research method was used to observe and analyze the deposition and preservation of terrestrial organic matter through flume experiments, where the depositional results were carefully depicted and sampled. The total organic carbon content of selected samples was measured and when combined with qualitative observations and quantitative comparison results, the dominant enrichment areas of terrestrial organic matter were identified. The experimental results show that the overbank parts of the delta front, the dune countercurrent surface, the low-lying parts, the delta front slope area and the shallow-prodelta sea area are where terrestrial organic matter is predominantly enriched. This provides an important basis and guidance for the prediction of the development areas of marine source rocks with terrestrial input in the deep-water areas of the Qiongdongnan Basin.

Assessing Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Water Storage Changes in the Mountainous Areas of Central Asia Based on GRACE

The mountainous areas of Central Asia provide substantial water resources, and studying change in water storage and the impacts of precipitation and snow cover in the mountain ranges of Central Asia is of the greatest importance for understanding regional water shortages and the main factors. Data from the GRACE （Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment） satellites, precipitation prod- ucts and snow-covered area data were used to analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of water storage changes and the effects of precipitation and snow cover from April 2002 to December 2013. The results were computed for each mountain ranges, and the follow- ing conclusions were drawn. The water storage in the mountainous areas of Central Asia as a whole increases in summer and winter, whereas it decreases in autumn. The water storage is affected by precipitation to some extent and some areas exhibit hysteresis. The area of positive water storage changes moves from west to east over the course of the year. The water storage declined during the period 2002-2004. It then returned to a higher level in 2005-2006 and featured lower levels in 2007-009 Subsequently, the water storage increased gradually from 2010 to 2013. The Eastern Tianshan Mountains and Western Tianshan Mountain subzones examined in this study display similar tendencies, and the trends observed in the Karakorum Mountains and the Kunlun Mountains are also similar. However, the Eastern Tianshan Mountains and Western Tianshan Mountains were influenced by precipitation to a greater degree than the latter two ranges. The water storage in Qilian Mountains showed a pronounced increasing trend, and this range is the most strongly affected by precipitation. Based on an analysis of all investigated subzones, precipitation has the greatest influence on total water storage relative to the snow covered area in some areas of Central Asia. The results obtained from this study will be of value for scientists stud- ying the mechanisms that influence changes in water storage in Central Asia.

Validation of the TASS/SMR-S Code for the Core Heat Transfer Model on the Steady Experimental Conditions

The SMART （System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor） which is a 330 MWt advanced integral PWR was developed by the KAERI （Korea Atomic Energy Institute） for electricity generation and seawater desalination. To enhance its safety, the various design concepts were adopted such as the most containing of the RCS （reactor coolant system） components and a PRHRS （passive residual heat removal system）. To ensure the safety and performance of the SMART, a thermal hydraulic evaluation and safety analysis are performed by the TASS/SMR-S code. It uses a one dimensional node/path modeling and point kinetics for the core power simulation. The code also has specific models reflecting the design features of the SMART such as a helical tube and PRHRS heat transfer models. In this study, the validation of the core heat transfer model in the TASS/SMR-S code on the steady conditions was performed with the Bennett＇s heated tube tests and THTF （thermal hydraulic test facility） experiment. From the results of the TASS/SMR-S code calculation, the CHF （critical heat flux） point and the fuel rod surface temperature were predicted conservatively compared to the test results.

Dynamic Comparison and Trend analysis of Southeast Guizhou's Experimental Area of Eco-civilization Construction and the National Eco-efficiency

In order to better understand the development level of eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction,we conduct dynamic comparison research of its eco-efficiency and the national eco-efficiency,using single ratio method based on the ecological footprint model,to grasp the gap between its eco-efficiency and the national eco-efficiency,so that we can take appropriate countermeasures to improve eco-efficiency. The results show that in the period 1978-2010,the eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction was always lower than the national eco-efficiency; the long-time average annual value of its eco-efficiency was less than one half of that of the national eco-efficiency,with the absolute gap of 1 630. 095 yuan /hm 2 ,and the gap tended to widen year by year in the period 1978-2002 ( the gap increased from 276. 551 yuan /hm 2 in 1978 to peak of 3 227. 713 yuan /hm 2 in 2002,with an average annual increase of 118. 047 yuan /hm 2 ,and especially after 1992,the gap was particularly evident,with an average annual increase of 194.771 yuan/hm 2 ) ,but from 2003,the gap between the two tended to decrease. Based on the prediction results of grey system,in the period 2011-2025,the gap between the eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction and the national eco-efficiency will gradually narrow,and from 2019, the eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction will be higher than the national eco-efficiency.

Study on the Functional Zoning Modes of Urban Wetland Parks

Functional zoning is a critical phase in the planning of parks.Through summarizing and analyzing the functional zoning modes of different urban park types in China,as well as comparing to the functional zoning modes of nature reserves,famous scenic areas and overseas national parks,the functional zoning modes of urban wetland parks in China were elaborated in this study,the assumption of further sectorization were put forward,and theoretical supports were sought for more scientific and operable functional zoning of urban wetland parks.

Existing Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Industry Development in Bijie Experimental Area

The development of rural industries in Bijie City of Guizhou Province leads the comprehensive rural revitalization with industrial revitalization,takes high-quality development as the overall guide,focuses on industrial scale,standardization,branding,and marketization,and strives to extend the industrial chain and enhance the value chain to achieve the prosperity of rural industries.In this study,it investigated the current situation of rural industry development in Bijie City(improving the quality and efficiency of characteristic industries,expanding the quantity and efficiency of agricultural products processing industry,recruiting and cultivating large business entities,expanding and strengthening the brand of agricultural products,and upgrading the rural tourism).Through analysis,it found that there are problems such as small scale of production enterprises,insufficient cultivation of independent brands,short industrial chain,low added value,weak market expansion ability,imperfect interest connection mechanism,and insufficient participation of farmers.Finally,it came up with countermeasures for the development of rural industries in Bijie City,including improving supporting facilities and building an extension base;strengthening leading enterprises and focus on deep processing;highlighting regional characteristics and paying close attention to the docking of production and marketing;enhancing the characteristic brand and strengthening the support of science and technology;promoting collaboration and support,and making innovation in the connection of interests.

Shale Gas Formation and Occurrence in China： An Overview of the Current Status and Future Potential

Shale gas is one of the most promising unconventional resources both in China and abroad. It is known as a form of self-contained source-reservoir system with large and continuous dimensions. Through years of considerable exploration efforts, China has identified three large shale gas fields in the ruling, Changning and Weiyuan areas of the Sichuan Basin, and has announced more than 540 billion m3 of proven shale gas reserves in marine shale systems. The geological theories for shale gas development have progressed rapidly in China as well. For example, the new depositional patterns have been introduced for deciphering the paleogeography and sedimentary systems of the Wufeng shale and Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin. The shale gas storage mechanism has been widely accepted as differing from conventional natural gas in that it is adsorbed on organic matter or a mineral surface or occurs as free gas trapped in pores and fractures of the shale. Significant advances in the techniques of microstructural characterization have provided new insights on how gas molecules are stored in micro- and nano-scale porous shales. Furthermore, newly-developed concepts and practices in the petroleum industry, such as hydraulic fracturing, microseismic monitoring and multiwell horizontal drilling, have made the production of this unevenly distributed but promising unconventional natural gas a reality. China has 10-36 trillion m3 of promising shale gas among the world＇s whole predicted technically recoverable reserves of 206.6 trillion m3. China is on the way to achieving its goal of an annual yield of 30-50 billion m3 by launching more trials within shale gas projects.

The importance of willow to the Chinese Grouse:evidence from analysis on their breeding territories at Lianhuashan,China

Background: The habitat features of breeding territory have important adaptive significance for the survival and reproduction of territory holders.The Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi) is a rare and endemic species with rela?tively small distribution range and decreasing population trend.It is important to elucidate breeding territory habitat requirements of the Chinese Grouse for habitat management and conservation actions.Methods: Using radio?telemetry and field observations,we determined the core areas of 65 breeding territories of males.Two to three samples were selected in each core breeding territory as used sites and compared with nearby sites with no grouse occurrence using logistic regression.Results: Our model showed a high accuracy in prediction of core breeding territory used by males,which preferred stands with more small deciduous trees(0.5 m ≤ height < 5 m),more small willow trees(Salix spp.,0.5 m infl≤ height < 5 m),greater willow cover,and greater herb cover.The number of small willow trees had the great?estuence on males' core breeding territory selection.Dense shrubs were also chosen compared with unused sites Tall conifer trees was an important determinant in the distribution of Chinese Grouse at the landscape scale,and was relatively important in the univariate model,but not included in our final multivariable model.Conclusions: Male Chinese Grouse established territories at sites with abundant food resources.At the landscape scale,the Chinese Grouse occurred in alpine conifer forest.At the territory scale,small willow trees had the most important effect on males' core breeding territory selection.We suggest that the forest gaps in dense conifer for?est are important for improving the occurrence of willows and facilitating breeding territory establishment for the Chinese Grouse.