Fatigue cracking criterion of high-strength steels induced by inclusions under high-cycle fatigue

Fatigue properties of high-strength steels become more and more sensitive to inclusions with enhancing the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) because the inclusions often cause a relatively low fatigue strength and a large scatter of fatigue lives. In this work, four S–N curves and more than 200 fatigue fracture morphologies were comprehensively investigated with a special focus on the size and type of inclusions at the fatigue cracking origin in GCr15 steel with a wide strength range by different heat treatments after high-cycle fatigue (HCF). It is found that the percentage of fatigue failure induced by the inclusion including Al2 O3 and TiN gradually increases with increasing the UTS, while the percentage of failure at sample surfaces decreases conversely and the fatigue strength first increases and then decreases. Besides, it is interestingly noted that the inclusion sizes at the cracking origin for TiN are smaller than that for Al2 O3 because the stress concentration factor for TiN is larger than that for Al2 O3 based on the finite element simulation. For the first time, a new fatigue cracking criterion including the isometric inclusion size line in the strength-toughness coordinate system with specific physical meaning was established to reveal the relationship among the UTS, fracture toughness, and the critical inclusion size considering different types of inclusions based on the fracture mechanics. And the critical inclusion size of Al2 O3 is about 1.33 times of TiN. The fatigue cracking criterion could be used to judge whether fatigue fracture occurred at inclusions or not and provides a theoretical basis for controlling the scale of different inclusion types for high-strength steels. Our work may offer a new perspective on the critical inclusion size in terms of the inclusion types, which is of scientific interest and has great merit to industrial metallurgical control for anti-fatigue design.

综放工作面覆岩破断和压架的试验研究及预测模型

为研究综放工作面覆岩运动、破断特征及矿压演化规律,依托崔木煤矿302工作面,建立综放工作面开采相似材料模型,观测煤层综放开采过程中顶板的破断特征和矿压显现规律,根据试验结果建立综放基本顶煤壁处断裂的力学分析模型,推导出拉破断临界支护强度计算公式,研究基本顶抗拉强度、作用荷载和顶板厚度对拉破断临界支护强度的影响,形成了综放工作面煤壁处断裂的力学判据,分析崔木煤矿302综放工作面液压支架的支护效果。结果表明,(1)综放工作面推进过程中基本顶悬臂梁长度逐渐增加,与后方断裂顶板形成"悬臂梁-铰接结构",支架处于这种结构保护之下时工作阻力小;(2)若基本顶在煤壁处拉断裂和结构失稳,支架快速增阻,安全阀开启,活柱量下降,易于导致支架压死;(3)随着基本顶作用荷载增大,拉断裂临界支护强度线性增长,但基本顶抗拉强度对拉断裂临界支护强度影响不大。研究结果可为综放工作面基本顶煤壁处断裂和压架灾害预报提供一种方法。

利用U形切口测量脆性材料断裂参数的方法

基于I型载荷模式下U形切口的两个应力准则:平均周向应力准则和最大周向应力准则,沿袭Seweryn思想,把裂纹看作切口根部半径为零的U形切口特例,分别建立了脆性材料断裂韧度K10C、抗拉强度σC和U形切口临界切口应力强度因子KU1C之间的关系式。利用I型载荷模式下U形切口平板破坏试验的临界载荷,借助于Ansys有限元数值分析的结果,提出了新的测量脆性材料抗拉强度和断裂韧度的方法,并对相关文献中有机玻璃、铝合金单边U形切口的三点弯曲实验和具有中间U形切口石墨平板的拉伸实验进行了验证。由于U形切口加工方便,I型模式的断裂载荷也比较容易获得,新的测量方法简单、方便,适合于工程应用。

用临界距离法预测混凝土Ⅰ型裂缝的FPZ及断裂韧度

为了研究混凝土的断裂性能,本文采用临界距离理论(TCD)线法,推导得到了广义临界距离、名义断裂韧度及混凝土抗拉强度之间的函数关系,并在此基础上分析混凝土的断裂问题。结果表明:TCD线法能够获得比双K断裂准则略微保守的断裂韧度,同时可以得到相应断裂过程区长度的估算值。将线法应用于几何相似的混凝土梁的断裂韧性和断裂过程区分析,并与由双K断裂准则得到的失稳断裂韧度进行比较,计算结果验证了线法的可行性。