The shear strength deterioration of bedding planes between different rock types induced by cyclic loading is vital to reasonably evaluate the stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding rock slopes under earthquake...The shear strength deterioration of bedding planes between different rock types induced by cyclic loading is vital to reasonably evaluate the stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding rock slopes under earthquake;however,rare work has been devoted to this subject due to lack of attention.In this study,experimental investigations on shear strength weakening of discontinuities with different joint wall material(DDJM)under cyclic loading were conducted by taking the interface between siltstone and mudstone in the Shaba slope of Yunnan Province,China as research objects.A total of 99 pairs of similar material samples of DDJM(81 pairs)and discontinuities with identical joint wall material(DIJM)(18 pairs)were fabricated by inserting plates,engraved with typical surface morphology obtained by performing three-dimensional laser scanning on natural DDJMs sampled from field,into mold boxes.Cyclic shear tests were conducted on these samples to study their shear strength changes with the cyclic number considering the effects of normal stress,joint surface morphology,shear displacement amplitude and shear rate.The results indicate that the shear stress vs.shear displacement curves under each shear cycle and the peak shear strength vs.cyclic number curves of the studied DDJMs are between those of DIJMs with siltstone and mudstone,while closer to those of DIJMs with mudstone.The peak shear strengths of DDJMs exhibit an initial rapid decline followed by a gradual decrease with the cyclic number and the decrease rate varies from 6%to 55.9%for samples with varied surface morphology under different testing conditions.The normal stress,joint surface morphology,shear displacement amplitude and shear rate collectively influence the shear strength deterioration of DDJM under cyclic shear loading,with the degree of influence being greater for larger normal stress,rougher surface morphology,larger shear displacement amplitude and faster shear rate.展开更多
Despite the growing interest in green products in the interior wall decorative material market,knowledge gaps exist because determining which product is more environmental and user friendly than the others is difficul...Despite the growing interest in green products in the interior wall decorative material market,knowledge gaps exist because determining which product is more environmental and user friendly than the others is difficult.This work assesses the environmental and human health profiles of interior latex and wallpape匸Two interior latex products of different raw material ratios and one nonwoven wallpaper product are considered.The environmental impact assessment follows life cycle assessment(LCA)methodology and applies Building Environmental Performance Analysis System(BEPAS).The human health impact is based on impact-pathway chain and is performed using Building Health Impact Analysis System(BHIAS).The assessment scope,associated emissions,and territorial scope of various emissions are defined to facilitate comparison study of interior wall decorative products.The impacts are classified into 15 categories belonging to three safeguard areas:ecological environment,natural resources,and human health.The impacts of categories are calculated and monetized using willingness to pay(WTP)and disability-adjusted life year(DALY)and summarized as an integrated external cost of environmental and human health impacts.Assessment results reveal that the integrated impact of interior latex is lower than that of non-woven wallpaper,and the interior latex of low quality causes low life cycle integrated impact.The most impacted categories are global warming,respiratory effects,and water consumption.Hotspots of product manufacturing are recognized to promote green product design.展开更多
选择6种超超临界锅炉受热面管材,利用模拟高温烟气腐蚀试验台研究SO_2体积分数、管壁温度以及不同相态对其腐蚀行为的影响,并在200 k W腐蚀试验台上进行实炉腐蚀试验。结果表明:SO_2体积分数和管壁温度能够显著影响6种受热面管材的腐蚀...选择6种超超临界锅炉受热面管材,利用模拟高温烟气腐蚀试验台研究SO_2体积分数、管壁温度以及不同相态对其腐蚀行为的影响,并在200 k W腐蚀试验台上进行实炉腐蚀试验。结果表明:SO_2体积分数和管壁温度能够显著影响6种受热面管材的腐蚀程度,且气相腐蚀要远远弱于气-固相腐蚀;6种受热面管材的耐腐蚀性能从强至弱依次为HR3C、TP310、国产S30432、S30432、15Cr Mo G、12Cr1Mo VG。在实炉腐蚀试验燃用硫分2.36%煤种时,6种受热面管材的平均年减薄量分别为0.03、0.04、0.14、0.18、0.91、1.04 mm/a,其实际腐蚀情况介于高温烟气腐蚀试验的气-固相腐蚀与气相腐蚀之间。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42377182,52079133 and 41931295).
文摘The shear strength deterioration of bedding planes between different rock types induced by cyclic loading is vital to reasonably evaluate the stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding rock slopes under earthquake;however,rare work has been devoted to this subject due to lack of attention.In this study,experimental investigations on shear strength weakening of discontinuities with different joint wall material(DDJM)under cyclic loading were conducted by taking the interface between siltstone and mudstone in the Shaba slope of Yunnan Province,China as research objects.A total of 99 pairs of similar material samples of DDJM(81 pairs)and discontinuities with identical joint wall material(DIJM)(18 pairs)were fabricated by inserting plates,engraved with typical surface morphology obtained by performing three-dimensional laser scanning on natural DDJMs sampled from field,into mold boxes.Cyclic shear tests were conducted on these samples to study their shear strength changes with the cyclic number considering the effects of normal stress,joint surface morphology,shear displacement amplitude and shear rate.The results indicate that the shear stress vs.shear displacement curves under each shear cycle and the peak shear strength vs.cyclic number curves of the studied DDJMs are between those of DIJMs with siltstone and mudstone,while closer to those of DIJMs with mudstone.The peak shear strengths of DDJMs exhibit an initial rapid decline followed by a gradual decrease with the cyclic number and the decrease rate varies from 6%to 55.9%for samples with varied surface morphology under different testing conditions.The normal stress,joint surface morphology,shear displacement amplitude and shear rate collectively influence the shear strength deterioration of DDJM under cyclic shear loading,with the degree of influence being greater for larger normal stress,rougher surface morphology,larger shear displacement amplitude and faster shear rate.
文摘Despite the growing interest in green products in the interior wall decorative material market,knowledge gaps exist because determining which product is more environmental and user friendly than the others is difficult.This work assesses the environmental and human health profiles of interior latex and wallpape匸Two interior latex products of different raw material ratios and one nonwoven wallpaper product are considered.The environmental impact assessment follows life cycle assessment(LCA)methodology and applies Building Environmental Performance Analysis System(BEPAS).The human health impact is based on impact-pathway chain and is performed using Building Health Impact Analysis System(BHIAS).The assessment scope,associated emissions,and territorial scope of various emissions are defined to facilitate comparison study of interior wall decorative products.The impacts are classified into 15 categories belonging to three safeguard areas:ecological environment,natural resources,and human health.The impacts of categories are calculated and monetized using willingness to pay(WTP)and disability-adjusted life year(DALY)and summarized as an integrated external cost of environmental and human health impacts.Assessment results reveal that the integrated impact of interior latex is lower than that of non-woven wallpaper,and the interior latex of low quality causes low life cycle integrated impact.The most impacted categories are global warming,respiratory effects,and water consumption.Hotspots of product manufacturing are recognized to promote green product design.
文摘选择6种超超临界锅炉受热面管材,利用模拟高温烟气腐蚀试验台研究SO_2体积分数、管壁温度以及不同相态对其腐蚀行为的影响,并在200 k W腐蚀试验台上进行实炉腐蚀试验。结果表明:SO_2体积分数和管壁温度能够显著影响6种受热面管材的腐蚀程度,且气相腐蚀要远远弱于气-固相腐蚀;6种受热面管材的耐腐蚀性能从强至弱依次为HR3C、TP310、国产S30432、S30432、15Cr Mo G、12Cr1Mo VG。在实炉腐蚀试验燃用硫分2.36%煤种时,6种受热面管材的平均年减薄量分别为0.03、0.04、0.14、0.18、0.91、1.04 mm/a,其实际腐蚀情况介于高温烟气腐蚀试验的气-固相腐蚀与气相腐蚀之间。
