An integrated method of selecting environmental covariates for predictive soil depth mapping

Environmental covariates are the basis of predictive soil mapping.Their selection determines the performance of soil mapping to a great extent,especially in cases where the number of soil samples is limited but soil spatial heterogeneity is high.In this study,we proposed an integrated method to select environmental covariates for predictive soil depth mapping.First,candidate variables that may influence the development of soil depth were selected based on pedogenetic knowledge.Second,three conventional methods(Pearson correlation analysis(PsCA),generalized additive models(GAMs),and Random Forest(RF))were used to generate optimal combinations of environmental covariates.Finally,three optimal combinations were integrated to produce a final combination based on the importance and occurrence frequency of each environmental covariate.We tested this method for soil depth mapping in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Basin in Northwest China.A total of 129 soil sampling sites were collected using a representative sampling strategy,and RF and support vector machine(SVM)models were used to map soil depth.The results showed that compared to the set of environmental covariates selected by the three conventional selection methods,the set of environmental covariates selected by the proposed method achieved higher mapping accuracy.The combination from the proposed method obtained a root mean square error(RMSE)of 11.88 cm,which was 2.25–7.64 cm lower than the other methods,and an R^2 value of 0.76,which was 0.08–0.26 higher than the other methods.The results suggest that our method can be used as an alternative to the conventional methods for soil depth mapping and may also be effective for mapping other soil properties.

Numerical analysis of submarine landslides using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics depth integral model

Submarine landslides can cause severe damage to marine engineering structures. Their sliding velocity and runout distance are two major parameters for quantifying and analyzing the risk of submarine landslides.Currently, commercial calculation programs such as BING have limitations in simulating underwater soil movements. All of these processes can be consistently simulated through a smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH） depth integrated model. The basis of the model is a control equation that was developed to take into account the effects of soil consolidation and erosion. In this work, the frictional rheological mode has been used to perform a simulation study of submarine landslides. Time-history curves of the sliding body＇s velocity, height,and length under various conditions of water depth, slope gradient, contact friction coefficient, and erosion rate are compared; the maximum sliding distance and velocity are calculated; and patterns of variation are discussed.The findings of this study can provide a reference for disaster warnings and pipeline route selection.

Research on The Software Development Ability Training With Gradual and Whole Process Based on The Deep Integration Between Industry and Education

In view of the mechanism and quality problems in the software ability training of computer majors in colleges and universities,as well as the engineering ability and innovation ability training results can not effectively meet the needs of society,this paper discusses how to realize the deep integration of production and education through school enterprise cooperation under the existing training mode.Through the establishment of a progressive whole process training system,students’software ability can be improved in an all-round way.Taking Shenyang Aerospace University as an example,it expounds how to organically combine the theoretical teaching in class with the cultivation of extracurricular innovation ability,and gradually guide students to comprehensively improve their software development ability and innovation ability.The model has been running for many years,and plays a leading role in promoting the reform of education and teaching and improving the quality of education,and provides reference for the brotherly colleges and universities.

Statistical Distribution of Depth-Integrated Local Horizontal Momentum for Second-Order Random Ocean Waves in Finite Water Depth

Based on the second order random wave solutions of water wave equations in finite water depth, statistical distributions of the depth integrated local horizontal momentum components are derived by use of the characteristic function expansion method. The parameters involved in the distributions can be all determined by the water depth and the wave number spectrum of ocean waves. As an illustrative example, a fully developed wind generated sea is considered and the parameters are calculated for typical wind speeds and water depths by means of the Donelan and Pierson spectrum. The effects of nonlinearity and water depth on the distributions are also investigated.

一种基于Integral Imaging和多基线立体匹配算法的深度测量方法

Integral Imaging(II)是一种能够记录和显示全真三维场景的图像技术.该技术采用微透镜阵列记录空间场景,空间任意一点的深度信息只需通过一次成像即可直接获得.本文研究结合多基线立体匹配算法采用II直接获取物体空间信息的方法.其结果既可为下一代基于II的三维电视图像的数据处理提供应用基础,同时也可望应用于开发新型的深度测量工具.

Analytical solution for stress and deformation of the mining floor based on integral transform

Following exploitation of a coal seam, the final stress field is the sum of in situ stress field and an excavation stress field. Based on this feature, we firstly established a mechanics analytical model of the mining floor strata. Then the study applied Fourier integral transform to solve a biharmonic equation,obtaining the analytical solution of the stress and displacement of the mining floor. Additionally, this investigation used the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion to determine the plastic failure depth of the floor strata. The calculation process showed that the plastic failure depth of the floor and floor heave are related to the mining width, burial depth and physical–mechanical properties. The results from an example show that the curve of the plastic failure depth of the mining floor is characterized by a funnel shape and the maximum failure depth generates in the middle of mining floor; and that the maximum and minimum principal stresses change distinctly in the shallow layer and tend to a fixed value with an increase in depth. Based on the displacement results, the maximum floor heave appears in the middle of the stope and its value is 0.107 m. This will provide a basis for floor control. Lastly, we have verified the analytical results using FLAC3 Dto simulate floor excavation and find that there is some deviation between the two results, but their overall tendency is consistent which illustrates that the analysis method can well solve the stress and displacement of the floor.

Depth map软件在网师园空间分析中的应用

空间句法是一种通过对包括建筑、聚落、城市以及景观在内的人居空间结构的量化描述来研究空间组织的理论和方法。作为空间句法的专用分析软件,近年来Depth map在空间结构分析领域得到了越来越广泛的应用。以江南园林网师园为例,利用Depth map软件建立模型,对其空间的可视和可行2个层面分别进行连接度、整合度和深度值的空间结构分析,并得出相应结论:Depth map在定量分析园林空间特性,确定园林空间不同层面之间的联系方面起着重要作用。

3D Depth Measurement for Holoscopic 3D Imaging System

Holoscopic 3D imaging is a true 3D imaging system mimics fly’s eye technique to acquire a true 3D optical model of a real scene. To reconstruct the 3D image computationally, an efficient implementation of an Auto-Feature-Edge (AFE) descriptor algorithm is required that provides an individual feature detector for integration of 3D information to locate objects in the scene. The AFE descriptor plays a key role in simplifying the detection of both edge-based and region-based objects. The detector is based on a Multi-Quantize Adaptive Local Histogram Analysis (MQALHA) algorithm. This is distinctive for each Feature-Edge (FE) block i.e. the large contrast changes (gradients) in FE are easier to localise. The novelty of this work lies in generating a free-noise 3D-Map (3DM) according to a correlation analysis of region contours. This automatically combines the exploitation of the available depth estimation technique with edge-based feature shape recognition technique. The application area consists of two varied domains, which prove the efficiency and robustness of the approach: a) extracting a set of setting feature-edges, for both tracking and mapping process for 3D depthmap estimation, and b) separation and recognition of focus objects in the scene. Experimental results show that the proposed 3DM technique is performed efficiently compared to the state-of-the-art algorithms.

基于物质点和深度积分耦合模型的滑坡数值分析

深度积分算法可将滑坡沿地表滑动的三维模型化简为二维模型进行求解,通过减少控制方程未知量的个数以提升求解效率。物质点法(material point method,MPM)具有无网格法和有网格法的双重优势,模拟滑坡大变形问题时可避免网格畸变现象。采用深度积分耦合物质点法建立滑坡数值模型,给出算法实现具体流程,基于影响域改进的物质点法(influence domain material point method,IDMPM),针对两个典型无倾角底面光滑和有倾角底面不光滑滑坡算例进行基准测试。在计算精度方面,深度积分耦合物质点法模型能较好地预测远端距离、流速、深度等滑移特征参数;在计算效率方面,与常规物质点法求解格式相比,深度积分耦合物质点法模型可大幅度提高运行效率。该研究成果可为滑坡地质灾害破坏范围的分析预测、危害评估、应急抢险提供有效理论依据和时间保障。

跨界一体化导向下的横琴粤澳深度合作区规划与治理创新

以《横琴粤澳深度合作区建设总体方案》的发展目标为导向,结合横琴粤澳深度合作区总体城市设计实践,搭建“空间研判—挑战剖析—规划响应—治理创新”的跨界合作区一体化规划编制框架。通过剖析横琴粤澳深度合作区空间发展情况与琴澳融合瓶颈,从空间布局、产业功能、综合交通、民生服务一体化方面提出规划响应路径,弥补琴澳一体化空间规划的研究空白,在此基础上进一步探索跨界治理机制创新,以规划编制实现功能和形态的空间一体化,通过治理创新增强琴澳协同、破除边界的发展阻力,最终实现一个共建共享的琴澳都会区。

基于“345+N”架构下的高职院校专创融合教育路径研究

在“大众创业、万众创新”的时代背景下,高职院校加快推进创新创业和专业教育深度融合发展,提升创新型人才培养质量,但目前在创新创业教育融入专业教育的实践过程中仍存在融合发展理念有待进一步提升、缺乏有效课程体系和教学模式、师资力量不足、融合教育评价机制有待完善等问题。因此,为提升高职院校创新创业教育与专业教育融合,文章探讨了创新创业教育与专业教育的内在逻辑和现实困境,以期为构建“345+N”深度融合提供具体实施路径。

基于深度测距的移动机器人自适应跟随

为提高移动机器人的跟随精度,对深度相机(RGB-D相机)测距进行研究,提出一种基于MRSD(Mask R-CNN and S2R-DepthNet)的移动机器人跟随系统。引入实例分割算法(Mask R-CNN)获取行人的前景掩膜;以掩膜为指导从深度图像中获取准确的行人区域深度像素,引入深度估计算法(S2R-DepthNet)从彩色图像中推理深度图像以替换深度传感器引起的无效深度像素,提高测距的精度;建立基于Sage-Husa自适应滤波(SHAKF)的测距模型,提高量测信息异常情况下的测距鲁棒性,实现稳定跟随。实验结果表明,该方法能以设定距离准确跟随前方行人。

基于计算机视觉和DNN的运动姿态检测算法

针对传统人体运动姿态检测算法存在鲁棒性较差及准确率偏低的问题,文中基于改进的深度图卷积网络提出了一种运动姿态检测算法。该算法将图卷积网络的时域和空间域模型相结合,提升了模型的感受野,并从时、空两个维度提取人体特征点的数据,再利用残差网络将时域和空间域卷积相连接,进而改善了模型拟合能力较差的不足。同时,对于模型因卷积核固定而导致无法适应多种类数据的缺陷,使用多头注意力机制来增强其自适应能力。在实验测试中,所提出的模型改进项相较原算法性能有一定提升,且与最优算法相比,该模型的误差指标降低了1.14 mm,准确率则提升了1.3%,证明了所提方法的有效性及优越性。

机电一体化技术专业校企合作的深度融合人才培养研究

近年来,随着经济结构的改变及产业结构战略性调整的要求,我国对技术型人才的需求量逐渐增加,高等职业教育正在面临着教学模式及人才培养方案的转型,以适应新的社会发展。该文以机电一体化技术专业为研究对象,以校企深度融合人才培养模式为切入点,通过对相关高职院校及企业进行问卷调查及访谈,指出目前黑龙江农业经济职业学院校企合作深度融合教学模式中存在的问题,并提出相应的解决策略,未来应该进一步完善校企深度融合人才培养机制,增强企业在人才培养中的参与感,逐步加强双师型队伍的建设与培养,以满足不断增长的技术型人才需求,促进校企合作的深度融合,推动机电一体化技术专业人才培养的可持续发展。

一种异构传感器的地图融合构建方法

针对单一传感器建图时还原度较低,易受环境干扰及可靠性不足等问题,提出一种任务层面融合激光雷达与深度相机的建图方法。采用一种针对走廊环境的组合式对齐算法对地图进行对齐,利用基于贝叶斯推理的方法进行信息融合。为验证融合建图效果,通过搭建多样化虚拟场景进行仿真和对真实走廊环境进行地图融合实验。结果表明,经过融合的栅格地图比单一传感器创建的栅格地图还原度更高,有效提高了地图的精度,得到了更能反映真实物理环境信息的栅格地图,为后续的路径规划提供了准确可靠的环境地图。

基于RealSense仓库货物体积计算方法的研究

企业仓库中,查看可用空间量是调配货物过程中的重要环节,而对于固定的仓库,它的总容量是固定的,所以可以通过算出仓库中现有的货物量,然后两个相减即可得到剩余可用空间量。对于计算仓库货物的体积,首先使用RealSense深度相机获取货物场景的初始点云。由于获取的初始点云数据往往存在噪声,所以在进行货物体积计算时需要进行一些预处理。预处理过后得到了货物的点云,然后利用投影法和积分法对其进行计算测量。针对仓库货物堆的大小不一问题,提出了两种方案:第一种,对于小货物堆(体积小于2立方米的货物),使用相机从上往下拍,获取货物的顶面和地面,然后通过统计分析法、投影与积分的结合得到货物体积;第二种,对于大货物堆(体积大于等于2立方米的货物)不易获取货物的顶面,使用两个有一定距离的相机获取货物堆的两个侧面,然后对方案一的方法进行变形得到货物体积。实验结果表明:该方式测得的货物体积与实际的货物体积相差不超过3%,满足目前企业仓库的需求。

民办高校党建工作与思想政治工作深度融合探究

高校党建工作与思想政治工作是同源的,在本质上具有一致性,两者在实践中具有契合性、交互性。当前民办高校在党建工作与思想政治工作深度融合方面的主要问题是没有完全形成立德树人的大党建大思政机制,突出难点是这种机制的构建在实践中遇到阻力,加上同向发力的育人载体不明确,使得党建工作与思想政治工作的深度融合发生矛盾。要改变这种状况,就要找准两者深度融合的结合点和着力点,构建民办高校党建工作与思想政治工作深度融合的决策引领机制、实践育人机制、实施机制和保障机制。

线上线下融合式课堂互动助力思政课深度教学探析

深度教学是思政课教学实效性的重要保证。线上线下融合式课堂互动聚焦课堂教学主渠道,具有主体间性、开放生成性、互动高效性和协同学习等特征,是信息技术与教育教学深度融合的结果,也提供了以深度互动助力思政课深度教学的可能。线上线下融合式课堂互动助力思政课深度教学具有深厚的学理支持,是思政课教学的实践反思,也是扭转思政课混合式教学浅层化的重要路径。以线上线下融合式课堂互动助力思政课深度教学应准确把握教学目标与教学内容,打好深度互动基础;推动教材体系向教学体系转换,创设深度互动条件;从问题出发开展全员深度互动,开启深度教学过程;加强互动总结升华,落实思政课深度教学。

建筑机电一体化电气设计要点实践

根据浙江省工程建设标准DB33/1092-2021《绿色建筑设计标准》对20000 m^(2)以上的公共建筑要求做集中控制的建筑设备管理系统和GB51348-2019《民用建筑电气设计标准》对建筑设备一体化监控系统的要求,以某超高层建筑的机电一体化电气设计实践为例,从强弱电设计界面、电气设计范围及设计深度等方面,详细阐述建筑设备一体化监控系统的电气设计要点。

大景深显微镜的实现方式

大景深显微镜能够在不同焦平面上获取清晰的图像,为晶圆的对准提供了强大的支持。为了扩展景深,研究人员提出了多种技术,包括缩小系统孔径、波前编码和光学切趾等。提出了一种扩展景深的新方法,即双焦点物镜对准,该方法操作简单直观,并且可以直接采集对准标记来实现对准,从而极大地提高了对准的准确性和效率。这些技术和方法为大景深显微镜的后续研究奠定了坚实的基础。