Molecular Dynamics (MD) Applications in Materials Science and Engineering and Nanotechnology

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation technique that helps to explore the behavior and properties of molecules and atoms. MD has been used in research and development in many spaces, including materials science and engineering and nanotechnology. MD has been proven useful in topics like the nano-engineering of construction materials, correcting graphene planar defects, studying self-assembling bio-materials, and the densification, consolidation, and sintering of nanocrystalline materials.

Creative Economy and Materials Science & Engineering

New materials are fundamental to the growth,security,and quality of life of human being sand open doors to technologies in civil,chemical,nuclear,aeronautical,mechanical,biomedical,and electrical engineering.Creative companies use multiple materials in the development of their activities,such as solid stone,fiber glass,concrete,and glass reinforced concrete,for example.Based on bibliographic research,the article examines the synergy between materials science&engineering and creative economy.The main argument indicates that this synergy creates solutions and functionalities that add value to existing products and allow the development of new products with competitive advantages.It may also contribute to the preservation of cultural values and promote sustainability.

Ultrahard X-ray multifunctional application beamline at the SSRF

The ultrahard X-ray multifunctional application beamline(BL12SW)is a phase-II beamline project at the Shanghai Syn-chrotron Radiation Facility.The primary X-ray techniques used at the beamline are high-energy X-ray diffraction and imaging using white and monochromatic light.The main scientific objectives of ultrahard X-ray beamlines are focused on two research areas.One is the study of the structural properties of Earth’s interior and new materials under extreme high-temperature and high-pressure conditions,and the other is the characterization of materials and processes in near-real service environments.The beamline utilizes a superconducting wiggler as the light source,with two diamond windows and SiC discs to filter out low-energy light(primarily below 30 keV)and a Cu filter assembly to control the thermal load entering the subsequent optical components.The beamline is equipped with dual monochromators.The first was a meridional bending Laue monochromator cooled by liquid nitrogen,achieving a full-energy coverage of 30-162 keV.The second was a sagittal bending Laue monochromator installed in an external building,providing a focused beam in the horizontal direction with an energy range of 60-120 keV.There were four experimental hutches:two large-volume press experimental hutches(LVP1 and LVP2)and two engineering material experimental hutches(ENG1 and ENG2).Each hutch was equipped with various near-real service conditions to satisfy different requirements.For example,LVP1 and LVP2 were equipped with a 200-ton DDIA press and a 2000-ton dual-mode(DDIA and Kawai)press,respectively.ENG1 and ENG2 provide in situ tensile,creep,and fatigue tests as well as high-temperature conditions.Since June 2023,the BL12SW has been in trial operation.It is expected to officially open to users by early 2024.

基于web of science分类的工程学科交叉性研究

提出学科交叉向量空间模型以计算学科间的相关性及相关程度的定量分析,进而揭示工程学科的交叉规律。研究发现,学科交叉已是学科发展中的普遍现象;该学科内部子类交叉并不明显,仅机械工程等与其他学科交叉数量达到5个以上;该学科与能源燃料、电信、材料科学等学科交叉性较强;环境科学、细胞生物学、心理学、计算机科学、应用物理等7个学科是与该学科关系最为密切的学科群。该研究结果为促进工程学科发展和推动整体科研水平提供科学建议。

On the Definition of Propellant Force

Comments are given on the various physical definitions of the force constant of propellant. As there are more or less defects in these definitions, two new definitions are presented to reflect the physical essence of propellant force more perfectly and could well compatible with the mathematical expression.

Velocity Correction and Measurement Uncertainty Analysis of Light Screen Velocity Measuring Method

Light screen velocity measuring method with unique advantages has been widely used in the velocity measurement of various moving bodies.For large air resistance and friction force which the big moving bodies are subjected to during the light screen velocity measuring,the principle of velocity correction was proposed and a velocity correction equation was derived.A light screen velocity measuring method was used to measure the velocity of big moving bodies which have complex velocity attenuation,and the better results were gained in practical tests.The measuring uncertainty after the velocity correction was calculated.

APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS

A number of (1) Ph.D. graduate research fellowships, (2) postdoctoral fellowships, and (3) undergraduate research fellowships are available immediately in the area of neutron-diffraction materials research. Candidates with strong backgrounds in Materials Science, Metallurgy (including Processing, and Mechanical/Physical Behavior), Computational Materials Science, Mechanical/Civil Engineering, Physics, Computer Science and Engineering, or a related field are encouraged to apply. The research activities will focus on the subjects of (1) in-situ neutron-diffraction characterization of mechanical behavior (plasticity, twinning, fatigue, and creep deformation) of advanced ma-

Risk of COVID-19 Spread and Mitigation Strategies in Public Transportation Sector

The world is trying to recover from once in the COVID-19 pandemic, which has a higher mortality rate than the common flu. However, the threat of different variants is still affecting us in a different capacity. Several preventive measures have been adopted across the nation and the globe to avoid the spread of this virus, such as lockdown, restricted travel, social distancing guidelines, obligatory face mask use, etc. These activities directly influenced the management of social life, economy, and livelihoods. The effect of COVID-19 on the public transit industry and strategies the transit agencies adapted to continue providing the service during the pandemic has been synthesized in this paper. As a result of the pandemic, public transit ridership decreased by about 70 percent for most agencies compared to pre-pandemic levels. This article also highlights the prevention of COVID-19 spread in the public transit industry using engineering solutions and advanced material science and nanotechnology solutions.

功能材料领域研究生多学科交叉融合培养探索与实践

面向高质量的资源保障和人民群众的美好生态环境需要,积极探索新时代功能材料领域研究生的培养模式,向社会输送大批具有家国情怀、多学科交叉融合、能解决重大问题的创新人才显得尤为重要。通过将思想政治工作贯穿教育全过程,树立材料学科自信,实现“立鸿鹄志、做奋斗者”的价值塑造;强化矿物资源、环境、材料等多学科交叉,以及科教、产教融合,实现“人才培养链”与“科研创新链”双链合一;以重点科研项目为载体,引领研究生全程实践,提高科研综合素质;着重培养学生的创新精神、创新能力、实践能力,全力培养学术创新精英和产业创新领袖,形成多学科交叉融合培养功能材料领域研究生的模式。该培养模式已经取得良好的人才培育效果。

全日制专业学位硕士研究生工程实践能力培养模式探索——以区域研究院人才培养为例

工程实践能力是全日制专业学位硕士研究生培养的重要组成部分。针对工程伦理教育重视不够、工程实践培养能力不强、工程实践锻炼平台不足等问题,北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院在全日制专业学位硕士研究生培养过程中,通过建设“1+N”专业学位硕士研究生实践基地群,构建以工程伦理教育为引领、多方协同育人和强化工程实践育人能力等培养模式,在培养创新实践能力强和工程伦理素养优的高层次人才方面取得系列成就,并获得社会高度认可,为专业学位硕士研究生的工程实践和应用能力培养提供可供参考与借鉴的模式。

基于“课程思政+知识图谱”的材料专业高质量课程建设探索与实践

该研究基于国家级一流本科课程、全国工程专业硕士学位研究生教育在线课程建设项目,和西北工业大学“课程思政”示范课程建设项目以及知识图谱,面向材料专业学生,针对航空航天用高性能金属材料课程,教学过程中的课程思政进行探索与实践,有望从基于知识图谱的新形态课程内容建设、思政内容的挖掘、教学模式和考核方式等几方面,为探索“课程思政+知识图谱”在高等学校工科类材料专业课程中的实现途径提供理论参考。

数智技术时代的中国档案学学科发展

数智技术,直接导致我国千行百业的原始数据形成,其管理正发生前所未有的变化。为适应从人人相连走向万物智联的大数据安全管理,需要对我国高等教育相关学科专业进行系统研究。梳理数字技术对我国组织的业务活动及其原始记录形成和管理的作用影响之后,提出传统的“中国档案学”学科将演进为“档案大数据工程”学科。并且指出,档案大数据工程学科高等教育包括“管理文秘”“数据资源管理”“大数据技术”等专业,尝试提出以上几个专业建设的发展方向。

2023年度工程与材料科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2023年度国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部项目评审工作情况,对各类项目申请、受理、评审和资助情况进行了整理及分析,重点回顾了本年度工程与材料科学部深化科学基金改革新举措及实施成效,并提出了下一年度评审工作的思路及建议,以进一步提高工程与材料科学基础研究资助质量。

依托一流工程学科建设高校科技智库的难点、路径和策略

科技智库是支撑国家科技决策的重要力量,近年来科技智库的建设在全球范围内得到越来越多的重视和加强,其中依托高校成立的科技智库占据重要地位。全球高校科技智库越来越聚焦专业技术领域政策研究,理工类学科在科技智库建设和发展中发挥的作用愈加凸显。高水平研究型大学是国家科技创新体系中的重要力量,依托高校建设科技智库既是国家加强高端智库建设的需要,也应成为高校服务国家战略的自觉追求。本研究基于国外高校科技智库发展趋势,针对我国目前依托高校一流工程学科建设科技智库的难点,深入阐述破解发展难题的路径和策略。

“互联网+”创新大赛实践及对新工科人才培养模式的思考——以内蒙古农业大学材料科学与工程专业为例

以“互联网+”大赛为代表的创新创业大赛地位日益突出,它能够激发学生的创造力,锤炼意志品质,在比赛中使学生增长智慧才干,将比赛中所学到的知识与专业课学习中面临的问题相结合,一些抽象性的问题便迎刃而解。将“以赛促学、以赛促教”模式和材料科学与工程专业学生教与学相结合,可提高教师们的讲课效率,增强学生的学习能力和理论结合实际的协同发展能力,进而教学质量便会逐步提升,从而使学生踏入社会以后能够更好地应对可能遇到的问题。

面向光电材料专业创新需求的课程教学模式探索——以“薄膜材料技术与物理”课程为例

为给半导体行业国产装备的替代研发、攸关国家战略安全的关键“卡脖子”技术突破提供人才储备,按照卓越创新人才培养目标,根据学科特色,通过与专业知识有机结合,调整教学内容,改进教学方法,培养学生的思维能力和应用能力,培养满足光电功能与信息材料类学科创新需求的卓越人才。通过教学改革,建立完整的,符合高端化、国际化、工程化培养要求的,适合光电功能与信息材料类学科创新需求的课程教学模式。改革成果将对光电功能与信息材料类专业的其他专业基础课程以及其他高校光电功能与信息材料类专业的教学改革具有重要的参考价值。

新工科视域下制药环保人才培养模式的探究

基于新工科环境类专业对应用型人才和创新型人才的培养要求,以及制药行业绿色可持续发展的人才需要,建立了一套“新工科”视域下制药环保人才培养模式。以问题和成果为导向,立足新理念,体现时代性和创新性,完善人才培养方案、优化课程体系、创新实践教学等,以期培养具有前瞻性和引领力的创新型人才,更好地服务于地方经济发展。

新工科视角下低碳技术学科体系建设探索与研究

碳达峰、碳中和目标下,我国正处于产业与经济结构全面低碳转型的关键时期。为推进高等教育低碳技术学科体系建设,规范相关学科和专业建设标准,提高专业人才培养质量,探索分析了低碳技术学科体系的基本内涵。从低碳技术学科定位出发,提出了能源、减排、固碳、经济等四大专业方向。以新工科建设理念为指导,提出了低碳技术学科的人才培养思路,探索了基础教学课程、教学实践和教学平台等建设内容。