Distribution pattern of macrobenthic assemblages along a salinity gradient in the Hangzhou Bay and its adjacent waters

It is widely acknowledged that the distribution of macrobenthos is affected by salinity, but the degree of influence varies in different areas. To explore the distribution pattern of macrobenthic assemblages in the Hangzhou Bay,12 stations were sampled to collect macrobenthos and the corresponding bottom water. Changes in the general characteristics of macrobenthos along the salinity gradient in the Hangzhou Bay and its adjacent waters were considered. Three dominant species were identified, including the polychaetes Sternaspis chinensis, the crustacea Oratosquilla oratoria and the echinoderm Ophiuroglypha kinbergi. And the macrobenthic assemblages showed a zonal distribution along with the salinity change. The correlation analyses showed that salinity, depth,temperature, suspended solids and dissolved oxygen had concurrent significant correlations with carnivorous group, Margalef species richness(d), Brillouin index(H) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H'). In light of the strong correlation between salinity and Changjiang River diluted water, which produces considerable disturbances by freshwater inflows, the deposition of suspended solids and the resuspension of seabed sediments,the combined environmental disturbances, instead of salinity alone, should be adopted to explain the zonation distribution pattern of macrobenthic assemblages.

Changes in motor function in the unaffected hand of stroke patients should not be ignored

Motor function changes in the unaffected hand of stroke patients with hemiplegia. These changes are often ignored by clinicians owing to the extent of motor disability of the affected hand. Finger tapping frequency and Lind-mark hand function score showed that the motor function of unaffected hands in stroke patients was poorer than that of a healthy control hand. After 2 weeks of rehabilitation treatment, motor function of the unaffected hand of stroke patients was obviously improved. Therefore, attention should also be paid to motor function in the unaffected hand of stroke patients with hemiplegia during rehabilitation.

An Analysis of the Relationship between Output Corpus and Language Output Function

The study is to verify the relationship between the output corpus and language output function and to test the three func-tions of pushed output. It attempts to give some implications for non-English major and English-learning. The results show that theoutput corpus is related to language output function.

The Signed Domination Number of Cartesian Product of Two Paths

Let G be a finite connected simple graph with vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G). A function f:V(G) → {1,1} is a signed dominating function if for every vertex v∈V(G), the closed neighborhood of v contains more vertices with function values 1 than with −1. The signed domination number γs(G) of G is the minimum weight of a signed dominating function on G. In this paper, we calculate The signed domination numbers of the Cartesian product of two paths Pm and Pn for m = 3, 4, 5 and arbitrary n.

On the Signed Domination Number of the Cartesian Product of Two Directed Cycles

Let D be a finite simple directed graph with vertex set V(D) and arc set A(D). A function ?is called a signed dominating function (SDF) if ?for each vertex . The weight ?of f is defined by . The signed domination number of a digraph D is . Let Cm × Cn denotes the cartesian product of directed cycles of length m and n. In this paper, we determine the exact values of gs(Cm × Cn) for m = 8, 9, 10 and arbitrary n. Also, we give the exact value of gs(Cm × Cn) when m, ?(mod 3) and bounds for otherwise.

Comparison of Carbon Dynamics among Three Cool-Temperate Forests (<i>Quercus serrata, Larix kaempferi</i>and <i>Pinus densiflora</i>) under the Same Climate Conditions in Japan

To understand the role of forest ecosystems in the global carbon cycle, it is important to clarify the factors affecting the carbon balance of forest ecosystems. However, little is known about the direct effect of forest types, especially dominant species, on their different carbon dynamics. To clarify the effect of difference in forest types, an experiment was conducted in three forests, which were located in the same place and exposed to the same climate conditions. These forests were middle-aged (40 - 45 years) and dominated by Quercus serrata (Q forest), Larix kaempferi (L forest) and Pinus densiflora (P forest). Net primary production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (HR) and net ecosystem production (NEP) were estimated in each forest, using a biometric method over one year. For NPP estimated from the annual growth of tree biomass (ΔB) and amount of litter (LF), P forest NPP (5.3 MgC·ha-1·yr-1) was higher than Q and L forest NPP (4.6 and 3.2 MgC·ha-1·yr-1). The difference was affected by a significant difference in ΔB (p = 0.032) and LF (p -1·yr-1) was higher than L and P forest (2.3 and 2.1 MgC·ha-1·yr-1). This difference could result from the amount of litter (respiration substrate) and chemical properties of litter (lability of decomposition). The NEP, which was calculated from the difference between NPP and HR, varied widely among the forest types (0.5, 0.9 and 3.2 MgC·ha-1·yr-1 in Q, L and P forests, respectively). The range of values among the forest types was comparable to those among age sequences and climate zones in previous studies. These results suggest that the difference in forest types (especially dominant species) can potentially lead to a large variation in carbon dynamics, in ecosystems located in the same place.

The Generalization of Signed Domination Number of Two Classes of Graphs

Let be a graph. A function is said to be a Signed Dominating Function (SDF) if holds for all . The signed domination number . In this paper, we determine the exact value of the Signed Domination Number of graphs and for , which is generalized the known results, respectively, where and are denotes the k-th power graphs of cycle and path .

Dominating functions with integer values in graphs a survey

For an arbitrary subset P of the reals, a function f ： V →P is defined to be a P-dominating function of a graph G = （V, E） if the sum of its function values over any closed neighbourhood is at least 1. That is, for every v ∈ V, f（N[v]） ≥ 1. The definition of total P-dominating function is obtained by simply changing ‘closed＇ neighborhood N[v] in the definition of P-dominating function to ‘open＇ neighborhood N（v）. The （total） P-domination number of a graph G is defined to be the infimum of weight w（f） = ∑v ∈ V f（v） taken over all （total） P-dominating function f. Similarly, the P-edge and P-star dominating functions can be defined. In this paper we survey some recent progress on the topic of dominating functions in graph theory. Especially, we are interested in P-, P-edge and P-star dominating functions of graphs with integer values.

Training of Multi-layered Neural Network for Data Enlargement Processing Using an Activity Function

In this paper, we present a study on activity functions for an MLNN (multi-layered neural network) and propose a suitable activity function for data enlargement processing. We have carefully studied the training performance of Sigmoid, ReLu, Leaky-ReLu and L & exp. activity functions for few inputs to multiple output training patterns. Our MLNNs model has L hidden layers with two or three inputs to four or six outputs data variations by BP (backpropagation) NN (neural network) training. We focused on the multi teacher training signals to investigate and evaluate the training performance in MLNNs to select the best and good activity function for data enlargement and hence could be applicable for image and signal processing (synaptic divergence) along with the proposed methods with convolution networks. We specifically used four activity functions from which we found out that L & exp. activity function can suite DENN (data enlargement neural network) training since it could give the highest percentage training abilities compared to the other activity functions of Sigmoid, ReLu and Leaky-ReLu during simulation and training of data in the network. And finally, we recommend L & exp. function to be good for MLNNs and may be applicable for signal processing of data and information enlargement because of its performance training characteristics with multiple teacher training patterns using original generated data and hence can be tried with CNN (convolution neural networks) of image processing.

Communicating with the non-dominant hemisphere:Implications for neurological rehabilitation

Aphasic syndromes usually result from injuries to the dominant hemisphere of the brain. Despite the fact that localization of language functions shows little interindividual variability, several brain areas are simultaneously activated when language tasks are undertaken. Mechanisms of language recovery after brain injury to the dominant hemisphere seem to be relatively stereotyped, including activations of perilesional areas in the acute phase and of homologues of language areas in the non-dominant hemisphere in the subacute phase, later returning to dominant hemisphere activation in the chronic phase. Plasticity mechanisms reopen the critical period of language development, more specifically in what leads to disinhibition of the non-dominant hemisphere when brain lesions affect the dominant hemisphere. The non-dominant hemisphere plays an important role during recovery from aphasia, but currently available rehabilitation therapies have shown limited results for efficient language improvement. Large-scale randomized controlled trials that evaluate well-defined interventions in patients with aphasia are needed for stimulation of neuroplasticity mechanisms that enhance the role of the non-dominant hemisphere for language recovery. Ineffective treatment approaches should be replaced by more promising ones and the latter should be evaluated for proper application. The data generated by such studies could substantiate evidence-based rehabilitation strategies for patients with aphasia.

Rock burst laws in deep mines based on combined model of membership function and dominance-based rough set

Rock bursts are spontaneous, violent fracture of rock that can occur in deep mines, and the likelihood of rock bursts occurring increases as depth of the mine increases. Rock bursts are also affected by the compressive strength, tensile strength, tangential strength, elastic energy index, etc. of rock, and the relationship between these factors and rock bursts in deep mines is difficult to analyze from quantitative point. Typical rock burst instances as a sample set were collected, and membership function was introduced to process the discrete values of these factors with the discrete factors as condition attributes and rock burst situations as decision attributes. Dominance-based rough set theory was used to generate preference rules of rock burst, and eventually rock burst laws analysis in deep mines with preference relation was taken. The results show that this model for rock burst laws analysis in deep mines is more reasonable and feasible, and the prediction results are more scientific.

An Analysis on Functions of Interruptions in Specific Conversational Situations

The functional analysis of interruption is of great necessity in carrying out a smooth conversation.By exemplifying interruptions in specific conversational situations identified in Friends,the paper has explored the relative,interactive,pluralistic and situational characteristics of functions of interruptions.

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用。从中西医等不同角度系统阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控所起的主导作用:在生理状态下,甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)及1,25二羟基维生素D参与了矿物质代谢平衡的调节,而肾在骨矿物质平衡的过程中扮演着重要角色;在病理状态下,肾功能异常也会导致慢性肾病-矿物质和骨异常(CKD-MBD)或肾性营养不良(ROD)的发生,引起骨矿盐代谢紊乱。进一步丰富“肾主骨”理论的深层次内涵。

新时代高校党外青年教师协同育人功能及实践路径研究

随着我国高等教育改革的不断深化,党外青年教师的比例也大幅提高。为充分利用高校党外青年教师群体优势,发挥高校党外青年教师协同育人功能,该文从数量、教育水平、身份、资源及政治意识五个方面分析高校党外青年教师的群体优势,采用问卷调查的形式对本专业大学生价值观展开调查。根据调查结果总结并得出发挥协同育人功能的实施路径,提出进一步提升党外青年教师工作水平与责任意识的建议。

高质量发展视域下师范专业认证的价值创新与功能提升

师范专业认证是以教师培养质量提升为旨归的国家顶层制度设计,是党和国家教师队伍建设方针政策落地的重要抓手,是蕴含师范教育价值功能的教育评估举措。随着师范专业认证工作走向深入和教育高质量发展新引擎的启动,影响师范专业建设和发展的一些深层次问题需要理性面对并引起足够重视。师范专业认证既要面向教育实践又要在实践中发展,既要立足现实又要回应时代之需,主动融纳新时代新思想、新要求,完善自身功能和内在质量,在动态实施中传递更充分更高强的能量,不断提升认证品质、体现价值创新,进一步发挥破解瓶颈问题、引导内涵发展、推进咨询服务、完善监控督促的综合功能。

美国教师专业标准的功能定位及其背景与动因

标准的功能定位是影响教师标准价值实现的关键因素。而教师标准应该如何进行功能定位不可抽象而论,应置于特定的时空环境中加以审视。在提升教育质量成为压倒性诉求、以问责制为主导话语的教育改革时代,美国却选择了发展导向的教师标准。美国之所以作出如此选择,背后有着教师地位不高进而影响教师供给的客观背景,职业专业主义的思想背景以及分权制背景下美国联邦政府期望透过发展导向教师标准干预教师质量提升的主观考量。

综合性大学教师教育实践教学体系的构建与实施

运用逻辑分析法,以结构功能主义理论作为综合性大学教师教育实践教学体系的理论基础,构建了“一脉络、三层级、三结合、三模式”的“1333”实践教学体系框架结构。探索了实践教学目标、实践教学内容、实践教学方法与模式、实践教学管理与评价的具体构建,提出了该实践教学体系具有教育实践目标多维化、教育实践内容贯通一体化、教育实践导师专业化、教育实践考评科学化的实施价值。

高职“Linux操作系统”课程建设与实践

以高职“Linux操作系统”课程为例,以专业教师、思政教师与企业导师相互配合,组建高素质结构化教学团队、建设“双师型”教师队伍为基础,以开发校企合编新型活页式教材、在线课程和数字化实训室等数字资源为载体,依托校企共建的“华为信息与网络技术学院”“北斗导航协同创新中心”,融入“云、大、物、智”等新一代信息技术,采用任务驱动、理实一体、行动导向教学理论开展教学。应用研究表明,课程实施教师、教法、教材的“三教”改革对培养学生的知识、技能、素质等方面有明显的促进作用,有效达成了人才培养既定教学目标。

社会学视角下教师专业伦理的分析框架

提升师德水平是我国近年来教师政策反复强调的议题,研究者也试图通过新的术语实现师德研究在范式和取向上的更新。然而,目前的研究多聚焦于从个体层面对教师专业伦理进行探讨,相对忽视了从群体角度来理解教师专业伦理现象,剖析其社会特征。专业社会学为拓展这一方向提供了扎实的理论基础,因此,在综合功能论、冲突论和生态论的专业伦理理论的基础上,将教师专业伦理作为一个社会现象,置于特定历史文化进程中加以理解并提炼出普遍与特殊、象征与实质、社会与个体、内化与外铄四对范畴,为从群体角度分析教师专业伦理现象提供认识工具。