The Influence of Consumer Culture on American New Woman and Their Literary Image in the Early 20th Century

By the study of three great American literary works, The Great Gatsby, Tender is the Night and The Age of Innocence, this paper aims to give a holistic interpretation of"New Woman"and their intrinsic relationship with consumer culture in the light of Baudrillard's theories about the consumer society and the consumer culture.

Screening of Potato Lines Including Department Genetic &National Plant Gene Bank of Iran for Resistance to Early Blight (<i>Alternaria. solani</i>) Using Culture Filtrate Produced by the Fungus

Potato is a plant that can be influenced by early blight disease. Early blight is one of the most destructive plant diseases, especially in the members of solanaceae family. This disease can reduce yield. Experiment design was a factorial randomized complete design to evaluate the isolate pathogenic Alternaria solani in National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, during 2008-2009. This experiment was conducted with three replications, and the factors include test methods and three lines 9506, 10908-05 and 10908-18 with genotypes of Agria, Casmos and Desiree (susceptible) and Delta (resistant control). Analysis of variance table was based on the area under the disease progress curve, indicating the effects of the experimental methods;genotype and their interactions are significant at the 1% level. In greenhouse evaluation, the symptoms appeared on, the first day. In this method the area under the curve progression was noted in 10 times, but in vitro method, the symptoms of this evaluation appeared on the first or second day. The Evaluation was carried out after inoculation, and was noted 6 times. The results indicate that genotypes and lines are located in four different groups. In this case, line 9506 and Cosmos were quite sensitive to the surface, and Desiree, is located in a sensitive area. Line 10908-18 and Agria, located approximately at the level of resistance, and line 10908-05 and Delta, have been resistant surface.

Early Immigrants and Qingdao Commercial Culture

Most of Qingdao early city residents come from off-site migration,characterized by much area's and the total population of Chinese and foreigner.The immigrants usually worked as business owners,skilled workers,clerks,and salesmen.Industrialists and businessmen,their commerce activity and social influence Have molded the unique business culture of Qingdao.

Study on Effect of Iron in Anther Media of Early Japonica Rice in Cold Region

In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 F1 progenies of early Japonica rice in cold region on medium with different Fe2+ contents, it was found that Fe2+ content generated greater impacts on the induction rate and green plantlet differentiation. The result demonstrated that if Fe2+ increased from 32 to 40 mg/kg, the induction rate of early Japonica rice anther culture in N6 culture media was more then 1.4 times higher than that in N6 culture media containing 5.6 mg/kg Fe2+. In this concentration range, the induction rate increased with the increase of Fe2+ content, while if the concentration was over this concentration range, the induction rate decreased with the increase of Fe2+, showing single peak distribution. When the Fe2+ was 40 mg/kg in differentiation medium, the differentiation rate decreased dramatically. The green plantlet differentiations of callus which were induced on culture media containing 32-40 mg/kg Fe2+ were different, when they were cultured on MS culture media, and 85.7% materials could increase green plantlet productivity to about 7.8%. Therefore, increasing Fe2+in induction media properly could increase anther culture efficiency of early Japonica rice in cold region.

Effects of Alcohol and Liquid Paraffin on Development of Early Mouse Embryos in vitro

In culturing early mouse embryos in vitro,liquid paraffin and alcohol exert deleterious influence on the development of embryos. Some of light liquid paraffin produced by Chinese factories have proved harmful for early mouse embryos. As shown by our experiments, the nitronaphthalene contained and the specific gravity of liquid paraffin were not involved in the injurious effects.However,alcohol mingled in medium had harmful effects on the development of embryos. At the 0.1% concentration of alcohol in medium the proportion of embryos developing to blastocysts decreased to 73.9%. When the concentration of alcohol was increased to 0.8%, all embryos ceased developing. In our experiments, CO_2 which contained 0.13% alcohol had no visible effects on the development of embrvos in vitro.

Experimental and clinic-opathologic study on the relationship between transcription factor Egr-1 and esophageal carcinoma

AIM: To observe the growth suppression effect of exogenous introduction of early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1 gene) on esophageal carcinoma tissue as well as on esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca109 and to explore the potential application of Egr-1 gene in gene therapy of tumor. METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vector of PCMV-Egr-1 plasmid was introduced into Eca109 cell line which expressed no Egr-1 protein originally with lipofectamine transfection method. The introduction and expression of PCMV-Egr-1 plasmid into Eca109 cell line was confirmed by G418 selection culture, PCR amplification of neogene contained in the vector, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemical analysis. The cell growth curve, soft agar colony formation rate and tumorigenicity in SCID mice were examined to demonstrate the growth suppression effect of exogenous Egr-1 gene on Eca109 cell line. The Egr-1 mRNA and Egr-1 protein were also detected in 50 surgical specimens of esophageal carcinoma by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Exogenous Egr-1 gene was introduced successfully into Eca109 cell line and expressed Egr-1 protein stably. The transfected Eca109 cell line grew more slowly than control Eca109 as shown by cell growth curves, the soft agar colony formation rate (4.0% vs 6.9%, P 【 0.01) and the average growth rate of tumor in SCID mice (35.5 +/- 7.6 vs 65.8 +/- 7.6, P 【 0.05). The expression level of Egr-1 mRNA and protein significantly increased in dysplastic epithelia adjacent to cancer rather than in cancer tissues (65.8% vs 20.0% by ISH and 57.9% vs 0.01). CONCLUSION: Exogenous Egr-1 gene shows the strong effect of growth inhibition in Eca109 cell line. Egr-1 in the cancer tissue shows down-regulated expression that supports the inhibited function of Egr-1 in cancer growth and suggests Egr-1 may have an important role in gene therapy of esophageal carcinoma.

Social Classes and Cultural Connotations of Yangzhou Home Gardens during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

During the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China(1870-1930),the social classes in Yangzhou were basically dominated by officials,businessmen,and scholars.In the building number,scale,and functional evolution of their home gardens,these three classes were different,reflecting abundant connotation of characteristic of the time and regional culture,revealing the inheritance path of Yangzhou culture,as well as the richness and diversity of home gardens in Yangzhou during the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China.

The Linguistic and Cultural Characteristics of the Tudor Dynasty in England

Tudor dynasty was a transitional period from feudalism to capitalism and was considered as a golden age in the history of British absolute monarchy.During this period,the language English has changed,and the linguistic and cultural characteristics for the great changes with the help of early English communication corpus are worthy of further discussion.

Inducing human induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation through embryoid bodies:A practical and stable approach

Human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)are invaluable resources for producing high-quality differentiated cells in unlimited quantities for both basic research and clinical use.They are particularly useful for studying human disease mechanisms in vitro by making it possible to circumvent the ethical issues of human embryonic stem cell research.However,significant limitations exist when using conventional flat culturing methods especially concerning cell expansion,differentiation efficiency,stability maintenance and multicellular 3D structure establishment,differentiation prediction.Embryoid bodies(EBs),the multicellular aggregates spontaneously generated from iPSCs in the suspension system,might help to address these issues.Due to the unique microenvironment and cell communication in EB structure that a 2D culture system cannot achieve,EBs have been widely applied in hiPSC-derived differentiation and show significant advantages especially in scaling up culturing,differentiation efficiency enhancement,ex vivo simulation,and organoid establishment.EBs can potentially also be used in early prediction of iPSC differentiation capability.To improve the stability and feasibility of EB-mediated differentiation and generate high quality EBs,critical factors including iPSC pluripotency maintenance,generation of uniform morphology using micro-pattern 3D culture systems,proper cellular density inoculation,and EB size control are discussed on the basis of both published data and our own laboratory experiences.Collectively,the production of a large quantity of homogeneous EBs with high quality is important for the stability and feasibility of many PSCs related studies.

Transcription factor EGR-1 inhibits growth of hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal carcinoma cell lines

AIM: The transcription factor EGR-1 (early growth response gene-1) plays an important role in cell growth, differentiation and development. It has identified that EGR-1 has significant transformation suppression activity in some neoplasms, such as fibrosarcoma, breast carcinoma. This experiment was designed to investigate the role of egr-1 in the cancerous process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and esophageal carcinoma (EC), and then to appraise the effects of EGR-1 on the growth of these tumor cells. METHODS: Firstly, the transcription and expression of egr-1 in HCC and EC, paracancerous tissues and their normal counterpart parts were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, with normal human breast and mouse brain tissues as positive controls. Egr-1 gene was then transfected into HCC (HHCC, SMMC7721) and EC (ECa109) cell lines in which no egr-1 transcription and expression were present. The cell growth speed, FCM cell cycle, plate clone formation and tumorigenicity in nude mice were observed and the controls were the cell lines transfected with vector only. RESULTS: Little or no egr-1 transcription and expression were detected in HCC, EC and normal liver tissues. The expression of egr-1 were found higher in hepatocellular paracancerous tissue (transcription level P=0.000; expression level P=0.143, probably because fewer in number of cases) and dysplastic tissue of esophageal cancer (transcription level P=0.000; expression level P=0.001). The growth rate of egr-1-transfected HHCC (HCC cell line) cells and ECa109 (EC cell line) cells was much slower than that of the controls. The proportion of S phase cell, clone formation and tumorigenicity were significantly lower than these of the controls' (decreased 45.5% in HHCC cells and 34.1% in ECa109 cells; 46.6% and 41.8%; 80.4% and 72.6% respectively). There were no obvious differences between SMMC7721 (HCC) egr-1-transfected cells and the controls with regard to the above items. CONCLUSION: The decreased expression of egr-1 might play a role in the dysregulation of normal growth in the cancerous process of HCC and EC. Egr-1 gene of transfected HHCC and ECa109 cells showed obvious suppression of the cell growth and malignant phenotypes, but no suppression in SMMC7721 (HCC cell line) cells.

Between the Foreground and the Background Lies the Middle Ground:Painting a Harmonious Early Childhood Curriculum Landscape

Highlights This commentary centers on one of the insightful articles in this Special Issue:"Curriculum Hybridization and Cultural Glocalization:A Scoping Review of International Research on Early Childhood Curriculum in China and Singapore,"authored by Yang and Li(2022).The commented article provides insights and directions regarding early childhood curriculum policy and practice in China and Singapore.Aligning with Yang and Li's(2022)findings,this commentary further paints a new threecomponent framework(the foreground,the background,and the middle ground)for understanding and harmonizing the global-local dissonance in the early childhood curriculum landscape.Leveraging both hindsight and foresight,this commentary also provides insights for policy and practice to advance a harmonious early childhood curriculum landscape in China and Singapore as well as in other societies confronted with similar predicaments.

A Conceptual Framework for Teacher-Child Relationships in Early Childhood

Teacher-child relationship is an important factor for the overall development of the child. It is also a reflector of child centred teaching practices, classroom quality and child outcomes. These relationships are influenced by many factors that are personal to teacher and child and are also related to the classroom environment. Positive teacher-child relationships develop warm and secure teacher-child bondings which are beneficial for the socioemotional and academic success of the child. Dependent and conflictual teacher-child relationships are stressful for teachers and have a negative outcome for the child. This paper explores the literature to recognise the factors affecting teacher-child relationships and have proposed a conceptual framework to understand these relationships in ethnically and socioeconomically diverse classrooms. Literature has tried to define these relationships according to the attachment theory or through bio-ecological model of development thus ignoring the role of culture as a major factor in formation of these relationships. This paper used Bourdiue’s theory of Capital, Field and Habitus and Contextual System Model of Pianta as theoretical framework and proposes Cultural Framework for teacher-child relationships.

Propagation Techniques of Ewes at Early Age

The integration of hormone induction of young ewes,live oocyte collection,in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer( JIVET),as a major breakthrough in livestock breeding technology,not only solves the problem of low oocytes obtained from adult ewes by hormone induction in production practice,but also significantly improves production efficiency. This technology can reduce the generation interval of cattle and sheep and speed up the acquisition of genes in genetic breeding. The application of this technology can help accelerate the cultivation process,shorten the generation interval,promote the industrialization and improve the economic benefits of beef cattle breed. This paper provides a reference for the research and application of new breeding and propagation techniques of beef cattle.

陕西岐山双庵遗址2013~2014年新石器时代遗存发掘简报

2013年9月~2014年1月,北京大学考古文博学院与陕西省考古研究院、岐山县周原博物馆联合对岐山双庵遗址进行发掘,其中新石器时代遗存可分为仰韶晚期和客省庄二期两个时期,发现灰坑、房址、陶窑及灰沟等各类遗迹,出土丰富的陶、石、骨、玉等质地的遗物。此次发掘进一步丰富了双庵遗址的文化内涵,为关中地区客省庄二期文化研究提供了新的资料。

半坡彩陶艺术中的生活符号研究

陶器是仰韶文化中最具代表性的器物,仰韶-半坡彩陶是中国史前文明的瑰宝,也是我们窥探史前文明的窗口。西安半坡出土的陶器,纹饰造型夸张,线条流畅,色彩丰富饱满,具有浓郁的民族风格和地方特色。仰韶-半坡彩陶上精美的图案、神秘的符号展示出华夏祖先的诸多方面,包括生产方式、精神寄托及早期的审美意识。研究半坡彩陶艺术中的生活符号,探求仰韶文化中图形纹饰及符号的演变,挖掘其内在含义,能够帮助我们更好地研究探索史前文化,也让后人能够更加深刻地认识华夏之根。

艺术考古视角下的仰韶文化半坡类型分期

艺术考古依据艺术发展的一般规律展开研究,在分期研究上可以形成不同于考古类型学的新的认识。从该视角出发重新审视仰韶文化半坡类型的彩陶材料,根据其彩陶纹饰的先后发展序列以及纹饰风格的发展规律,可以重建半坡类型的发展阶段(将姜寨一期的文化特征视为半坡类型的开始),并由此揭示仰韶文化早期各个阶段的文化特征。艺术考古方法作为一种新的研究手段,更关注艺术图像和风格的变化及其关联因素,有助于深入理解史前社会的性质和文化特性。

宜宾4个品种早茶叶可培养内生细菌的比较分析

为了比较宜宾不同品种早茶叶可培养内生细菌群落结构,以种植面积较广的4个早茶品种为材料,采用传统培养方法,分别从其老叶和嫩叶中分离内生细菌,并经16S rDNA序列分析对其进行鉴定.结果表明,从4个品种早茶叶中共分离到内生细菌336株,归类于18个属23个种.从内生细菌数量和多样性来看,黄芽早>福鼎大白>中茶302>中茶108,且均为嫩叶>老叶.微杆菌属Microbacterium和黄单胞菌属Xanthomonas在4个品种早茶叶中均有分布,且都集中或仅存在于嫩叶,其中Microbacterium为绝对优势菌群.各种早茶老叶和嫩叶还有各自的优势菌属短小杆菌属Curtobacterium等或特异性菌种短小芽胞杆菌B. pumilus、磷酸镰孢菌F. phosphorivorans等.说明不同品种早茶叶内生细菌种类组成有明显的相似性,也存在一定的品种或组织专一性.这些内生细菌及其分布规律可能在较大程度上促成了宜宾早茶的高产优质以及各品种早茶的不同品质特征.

炎帝时代和文明起源

炎帝时代处于文明起源的重要时期。依据先秦文献记载和考古学研究成果,推定炎帝时代的年代在距今7000年至5000年之间,与炎帝部族集团相对应的考古学文化遗存是分布在陇原东部、关中、晋西南及豫西地区的“典型仰韶文化”。其发展过程可分为四个阶段,体现了文明起源的过程。第一个阶段为平等社会,第二个阶段社会逐步发生分化,第三个阶段社会发生剧变,第四个阶段产生“王室文化遗存”进入古国时代。整个发展过程呈现出稳定和连续发展演变的特点,具有包容性特征、创新性内涵,属于文明起源的一种原生态发展模式。通过对炎帝时代典型仰韶文化文明起源现象的分析,可以看出中国在距今5000年前后呈现出一个文明化浪潮。

7年生马尾松组培苗试验林经营效益

通过收集7年生马尾松组培苗试验林胸径、树高、材积和产脂量数据,利用项目投资的财务效益评估手段对其经济效益进行分析研究,为丰富马尾松人工林高效培育技术体系提供试验依据。结果表明:在当前立地条件和经营措施下,组培苗林分林木胸径、树高、平均材积、蓄积量、出材量为15.5 cm、10.03 m、0.1008 m^(3)、151.20 m^(3)·hm^(-2)、91.5879 m^(3)·hm^(-2),分别比实生苗提高了27.0%、21.9%、89.5%、89.5%、94.9%,中径材林木数量占总株数比例提升了30个百分点,组培苗林分生长优势突出,材种规格获得大幅度提升。采脂后组培苗林分产值、净收益、净现值、内部收益率(IRR)为142869.1元·hm^(-2)、54283.4元·hm^(-2)、19802.4元·hm^(-2)、17.2%,分别比未采脂提高了130.9%、855.1%、331.5%、14.7个百分点,比实生苗林分提高了368.6%、475.8%、203.9%、26.6个百分点。7年生马尾松组培苗林分经济效益显著,在立地条件相似地区应用马尾松组培苗造林,可大幅度提高人工林经营效益。