The Qinghai Lake Watershed,containing the largest saline lake in northwest of China,has suffered from severe sandy land development in recent years.This paper analyzcs its daily precipitation,temperature,and wind from...The Qinghai Lake Watershed,containing the largest saline lake in northwest of China,has suffered from severe sandy land development in recent years.This paper analyzcs its daily precipitation,temperature,and wind from 1958 to 2001,and the spatial and temporal distributions of sandy land through the interpretation of remote sensing images covering four years(1977,1987,2000,and 2004).Results showed that since the middle of the 1960s,the daily precipitation(P)of 0<P≤5 mm decreased,while the P>20 mm increased significantly(S<0.05)in their annual total amounts and days.The maximum daily precipitation also increased significantly.Both the maximum dry spell and the total dry spell of more than ten days had a significant upward trend.Since the beginning of the 1960s,all the extremely high,extremely low and mean temperatures increased signifi-cantly(S<0.01),at a rate of 0.1℃/10a,0.2℃/10a,and 0.2℃/10a,respectively.The days with extremely high temperature had a significant upward trend,while the days with extremely low temperature had a significant downward trend.The Qinghai Lake was significantly shrinking(S<0.01)and provided abundant sediments for Aeolian erosion.The NNW wind prevailed in the watershed,and the largest scale wind was from the west and concentrated on the dry months.As a result,the sandy land was mainly born on the east bank of Qinghai Lake.The total sandy land area in the watershed had grown from 587.4 km^(2),660.7 km,697.6 km^(2) to.805.8 km^(2),accordingly,its area percentage growing from 2.0%,2.2%,2.4% to 2.7%,respectively.展开更多
青海湖盆地因其独特的地理位置和气候环境,对气候变化响应敏感,是研究环境变化重要的场所。本研究在青海湖湖东沙地获取两个剖面,采用AMS14C测年,结合岩性、粒径组分和常量元素氧化物及其比值等多指标分析方法,重建了湖东沙地8.4 ka BP...青海湖盆地因其独特的地理位置和气候环境,对气候变化响应敏感,是研究环境变化重要的场所。本研究在青海湖湖东沙地获取两个剖面,采用AMS14C测年,结合岩性、粒径组分和常量元素氧化物及其比值等多指标分析方法,重建了湖东沙地8.4 ka BP以来的环境演变过程。结果表明:除少量沉积物处于中等化学风化阶段外,大部分沉积物处于物理风化和初级化学风化阶段,说明自8.4 ka BP以来研究区气候环境总体上相对寒冷干燥。在千年尺度上,研究区不同时间段的气候环境存在较大的差异。8.4—4.2 ka BP气候相对温暖湿润;其中,8.4—6.2 ka BP河湖相和风成相沉积互层,表明存在明显的百年尺度气候波动;6.2—4.2 ka BP化学风化和淋溶作用较强,表明季风降水较多,径流较强,发育了较为稳定的湖泊沉积环境。4.2 ka BP以来湖泊消失,化学风化和淋溶作用减弱,沉积物从砾石转变为砂质黄土,显示气候较为冷干且波动较大。对比分析表明,中晚全新世以来青海湖湖东沙地的气候变化特征与东亚季风边缘区其他区域基本一致,并主导了区域沉积环境的演变过程。展开更多
基金This study was financially co-supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2004CB720207)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40599243 and 40761026)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of P.R.China(Grant No.200426).
文摘The Qinghai Lake Watershed,containing the largest saline lake in northwest of China,has suffered from severe sandy land development in recent years.This paper analyzcs its daily precipitation,temperature,and wind from 1958 to 2001,and the spatial and temporal distributions of sandy land through the interpretation of remote sensing images covering four years(1977,1987,2000,and 2004).Results showed that since the middle of the 1960s,the daily precipitation(P)of 0<P≤5 mm decreased,while the P>20 mm increased significantly(S<0.05)in their annual total amounts and days.The maximum daily precipitation also increased significantly.Both the maximum dry spell and the total dry spell of more than ten days had a significant upward trend.Since the beginning of the 1960s,all the extremely high,extremely low and mean temperatures increased signifi-cantly(S<0.01),at a rate of 0.1℃/10a,0.2℃/10a,and 0.2℃/10a,respectively.The days with extremely high temperature had a significant upward trend,while the days with extremely low temperature had a significant downward trend.The Qinghai Lake was significantly shrinking(S<0.01)and provided abundant sediments for Aeolian erosion.The NNW wind prevailed in the watershed,and the largest scale wind was from the west and concentrated on the dry months.As a result,the sandy land was mainly born on the east bank of Qinghai Lake.The total sandy land area in the watershed had grown from 587.4 km^(2),660.7 km,697.6 km^(2) to.805.8 km^(2),accordingly,its area percentage growing from 2.0%,2.2%,2.4% to 2.7%,respectively.
文摘青海湖盆地因其独特的地理位置和气候环境,对气候变化响应敏感,是研究环境变化重要的场所。本研究在青海湖湖东沙地获取两个剖面,采用AMS14C测年,结合岩性、粒径组分和常量元素氧化物及其比值等多指标分析方法,重建了湖东沙地8.4 ka BP以来的环境演变过程。结果表明:除少量沉积物处于中等化学风化阶段外,大部分沉积物处于物理风化和初级化学风化阶段,说明自8.4 ka BP以来研究区气候环境总体上相对寒冷干燥。在千年尺度上,研究区不同时间段的气候环境存在较大的差异。8.4—4.2 ka BP气候相对温暖湿润;其中,8.4—6.2 ka BP河湖相和风成相沉积互层,表明存在明显的百年尺度气候波动;6.2—4.2 ka BP化学风化和淋溶作用较强,表明季风降水较多,径流较强,发育了较为稳定的湖泊沉积环境。4.2 ka BP以来湖泊消失,化学风化和淋溶作用减弱,沉积物从砾石转变为砂质黄土,显示气候较为冷干且波动较大。对比分析表明,中晚全新世以来青海湖湖东沙地的气候变化特征与东亚季风边缘区其他区域基本一致,并主导了区域沉积环境的演变过程。