The article discusses the proposal for a "Charter of Digital Fundamental Rights of the European Union," whose central element is a binding effect of its fundamental rights not only to state authorities, but also to ...The article discusses the proposal for a "Charter of Digital Fundamental Rights of the European Union," whose central element is a binding effect of its fundamental rights not only to state authorities, but also to powerful private intemet companies, which have a potential similar to that of the state to infringe on fundamental rights in the digital era. The article outlines the traditional German approach to fundamental rights and its underlying distinction between state and society, which makes it difficult for German scholars to handle a so-called horizontal effect of fundamental rights. Finally, the article discusses the main objections to such a horizontal effect and shows some practical problems it has the potential to cause in German and European constitutional law.展开更多
该文推导了电压源换流器型高压直流输电系统(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)在频域下的多输入–多输出传递函数矩阵模型,通过分析逆变及整流工作模式下VSC不同控制回路被控对象传递函数的右半平...该文推导了电压源换流器型高压直流输电系统(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)在频域下的多输入–多输出传递函数矩阵模型,通过分析逆变及整流工作模式下VSC不同控制回路被控对象传递函数的右半平面(righthalfplane,RHP)零点分布规律,分析研究RHP零点对VSC不同控制回路自身稳定性的影响;在此基础之上,基于单通道分析设计方法,定量评估逆变及整流工作模式下VSC不同控制回路之间交互作用的强度,对比分析不同控制回路间交互作用对VSC-HVDC系统稳定性的影响;仿真结果验证了理论分析结论的正确性。展开更多
文摘The article discusses the proposal for a "Charter of Digital Fundamental Rights of the European Union," whose central element is a binding effect of its fundamental rights not only to state authorities, but also to powerful private intemet companies, which have a potential similar to that of the state to infringe on fundamental rights in the digital era. The article outlines the traditional German approach to fundamental rights and its underlying distinction between state and society, which makes it difficult for German scholars to handle a so-called horizontal effect of fundamental rights. Finally, the article discusses the main objections to such a horizontal effect and shows some practical problems it has the potential to cause in German and European constitutional law.
文摘该文推导了电压源换流器型高压直流输电系统(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)在频域下的多输入–多输出传递函数矩阵模型,通过分析逆变及整流工作模式下VSC不同控制回路被控对象传递函数的右半平面(righthalfplane,RHP)零点分布规律,分析研究RHP零点对VSC不同控制回路自身稳定性的影响;在此基础之上,基于单通道分析设计方法,定量评估逆变及整流工作模式下VSC不同控制回路之间交互作用的强度,对比分析不同控制回路间交互作用对VSC-HVDC系统稳定性的影响;仿真结果验证了理论分析结论的正确性。