An Analysis of the Demand for Education for the Elderly in Rural Areas:A Caso Study of the Suburbs of Hangzhou

The education for the elderly is the last link of life-long education and an important part of spiritually providing for the aged.In the context of rural revitalization,this paper chooses the elderly in the suburbs of Hangzhou,an eastern developed city,as the survey object.Through the methods of questionnaire survey and quantitative statistics,this paper analyzes and introduces the basic situation of rural education for the elderly,the demand for participating in education for the elderly,the learning evaluation of education for the elderly and the problems existing in the education for the elderly in rural areas.On this basis,some brief conclusions and discussions are put forward.

Factors associated with active aging in Chinese elderly in rural areas of Xiangtan County,China

Objectives:To explore the level of active aging and correlates among rural elderly in Xiangtan County,China.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to November 2019.A total of 945 rural elderly from 3 towns in Xiangtan County,China,were investigated by using the positive aging evaluation questionnaire(PAEQ),the activity of daily living scale(ADL),and the depression in old-age scale(DIA-S).Results:The average score in the PAEQ among the rural elderly of Xiangtan County was 72.81(range=21-105).A moderate negative correlation was found between the score in the PAEQ and those in the ADL(r=−0.361)and DIA-S(r=−0.495).Symptoms of depression(β:−0.321,P=0.001),number of chronic diseases(β:−0.281,P=0.001),subjective economic status(β:0.239,P=0.001),ADL(β:−0.196,P=0.001),education(β:0.126,P=0.001),number of children(β:0.097,P=0.001),and marital status(β:−0.060,P=0.001)were significantly associated with levels of active aging in rural elderly,whereas gender and age were not independently related to active aging.Conclusions:The level of active aging is at a moderately high level in the Chinese elderly in rural areas in Xiangtan County.The focus group of active aging in rural areas should be elderly people suffering from chronic diseases,physical decline,poor education and economic conditions,childlessness,and those without partners.

The Practice of Planning and Design of Characteristic Rural Areas in Jiangsu Province: A Case Study of Shiye Town, Zhenjiang City

Based on the theory of three living spaces,taking the characteristic rural areas of Shiye Town in Zhenjiang City as the research object,the study analyzed its constituent elements in production,life and ecological space (three living spaces) and put forward the strategy of space optimization.The overall optimization design of the village is made according to the problems by combining with the current situation of pilot villages such as Yongmaowei,Huanqingzhou and group 1 of Xianfeng Village.In addition,special reconstruction measures were formulated for the existing problems of agricultural houses and public spaces in various typical villages.

Paths for the Coordinated Development of Rural Economy and Environment in Economically Underdeveloped Areas——A Case of Huaian,China

Taking Huaian as an example,the rural economic and environmental problems in economically underdeveloped areas are expounded.The results show that rural areas in economically underdeveloped areas confront with lagged economic development,serious environmental pollutionand scarce shortage of equipments for treating environmental pollution.The causes of problems are analyzed,including inadequate fiscal supportfrom the local government;unscientific system for assessing government officers' performances;backward ideas in environmental protection and im-perfect laws and regulations on environmental protection.Based on these causes,the strategy of employing the circular economy to promote the co-ordinated development of rural environment and economy in economically underdeveloped areas is put forward.The strategy covers transformingthe way of agricultural production;adjusting agricultural production structure;positively collecting funds and increasing the input on handling rural en-vironmental problems;strengthening the efforts on promotion and education,and forming the healthy habits of consumption;enforcing supervisionand establishing a professional administration team for protecting rural environment;laying stress on rural technological innovation and strengtheningthe force of expansion;accelerating the path of industrialization and promoting the industrialization of villages and towns vigorously.

Investigation and Countermeasures on the Health-Promoting Lifestyle of the Disabled Elderly in a Rural Area

Objective： To investigate the level of health-promoting lifestyle in the disabled elderly in a rural area and to provide useful countermeasures for health care workers and the government to improve the elderly＇ s lifestyle behaviors. Methods： A total of 446 disabled elderly people were recruited and examined using the General Questionnaire and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. Results： The mean score of the health-promoting lifestyle was 109.73（ SD = 16.80）, in which 90.6 percent of the disabled elderly demonstrated unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. The average score for each of the subscales includedthe following： interpersonal relations, stress management, nutrition, self-actualization, health responsibility, and sports activity. Conclusions： The health-promoting lifestyle of the disabled elderly needs to be improved; health care workers and the government should pay more attention to the countermeasures that can improve the lifestyle behaviors and promote the health of the disabled elderly.

Idle School Buildings in Rural Areas: Will they Be Useful?

Taking the case of Enshi City,we survey the supply of public services in rural areas from education,health,culture and social security; reveal the relationship between the use of idle school buildings in rural areas and the improvement of public services in rural areas. On the basis of expounding the status quo of idle school buildings and public services in rural areas of Enshi City,the following recommendations are put forward: using the idle school buildings to develop rural public education; using the idle school buildings to develop rural public health and medical services; using the idle school buildings to develop public cultural undertakings in rural areas; using the idle school buildings to develop social security undertakings in rural areas.

Study on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in Beijing City

In recent years,the construction of rural sewage treatment in Beijing City has developed rapidly,but there are still many problems in some rural domestic sewage treatment. In this paper,the current situation of rural domestic sewage in Beijing City is combed,and its characteristics are summarized. Meanwhile,the current situation of rural domestic sewage treatment in Zhejiang Province,Hunan Province and Shandong Province is summarized by consulting relevant data. By comparing with current situation of rural domestic sewage treatment in Beijing City,it is found that there are some problems in the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Beijing City,such as unsuitable treatment mode,unreasonable discharge requirements and inadequate treatment technology. Therefore,some countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,such as strengthening the investigation,research and planning,and differential formulation of the sewage treatment discharge standards,and establishing modular treatment technology system. It is hoped that this paper will be helpful to the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Beijing City.

基于城市实体地域的城乡接合部空间界定研究——以广州市为例

当前国内外城乡接合部空间界定研究尚未达成共识,在行政管理实践中也未形成明确的标准,导致了城乡接合部空间治理的现实困境。基于此,文章提出基于城市实体地域的城乡接合部空间界定方法,对广州市进行实证研究。结果表明:1)以自然资源部高精度遥感和土地调查数据准确识别的城市实体地域范围为城乡接合部空间界定测算指标,以明确的行政村、居委会为最小统计单元,可以有效地衔接国土空间规划技术体系;2)采用国内外大多数研究认同的25%~75%理想值与聚类分析法,并以广州市为典型案例进行城乡接合部空间界定阈值的优化与检验,最终确定广州市城乡接合部空间界定合理阈值为10%~75%;3)精准的测算指标、明确的研究单元和可操作性强的界定方法,可以较好地识别出城乡接合部空间,同时也为更深入的空间研究与治理提供支撑。

都市圈规划建设的演化逻辑、面临挑战及推进方略

都市圈建设对于促进城乡融合和区域协调发展、推动经济高质发展和构建新发展格局,以及推进中国式现代化进程具有十分重要的现实意义。基于历史和现实视角,回顾改革开放以来中国都市圈规划的演化逻辑,并对当前面临的挑战进行分析。在此基础上,提出“十四五”后期及未来,建议建立都市圈联盟,磋商解决一体化进程中的若干重大问题;依托于“纵向横向经济轴带”建设规划,加快都市圈建设;依托于省际交界区,夯实都市圈建设的基础;加快中部、西部及东北地区小微型都市圈建设,促进区域经济协调发展和对外开放;依托于都市圈建设,加快城乡融合发展;加快数字经济建设步伐,助力都市圈建设。

不同载体乡村公共艺术的本土实践与探索——以大理凤羽为例

在乡村振兴的大背景下,一些公共艺术乡村实践在协调乡村未来发展需求的同时,展现了新时代背景下不同地域的文化生活状态,公共艺术作为一种文化艺术传播和与大众进行交流的形式,通过不同载体对村落的保护和发展起着重要作用。以大理凤羽为研究对象,以本土实践为切入点,对依托不同载体的乡村公共艺术作了深入调研和分析,归纳总结了凤羽公共艺术本土实践可借鉴设计及实施策略,促使对乡村公共艺术在地性设计实践与表达的再思考,为公共艺术的乡村实践提供了新的探索视角。

大都市区周边乡村风貌提升管控研究——以上海市4个乡村振兴示范村为例

上海作为国际化大都市区,城市功能不断提升的同时,周边乡村风貌也亟需建设与发展。本文基于庄行郊野公园、海星村、塘湾村和聚源桥村等具体实践,从乡村风貌提升的背景及面临的问题、乡村风貌提升管控的重要作用、大都市区乡村风貌管控的价值认知及乡村风貌提升管控策略和路径等几个方面着手展开深入探索,归纳提炼出大都市区周边乡村风貌五大核心提升管控要素:乡村道路修复、重点界面重塑、公服区域复合、驻留节点构建、导视标志植入。以风貌要素为依托,构建立足此时此地的大都市区周边乡村风貌分级管控标准,并对乡村风貌规划设计提出具体实施策略,以期为上海市周边乡村风貌提升管控提供参考借鉴。

农村二孩家庭男孩偏好对长姐体质健康的影响研究

基于资源分配理论,选用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010-2018年数据,考察了农村二孩家庭中男孩偏好对长姐体质健康的影响及内在机制。研究发现:男孩偏好对长姐体质健康具有显著负向影响,相比有妹妹,有弟弟的长姐身高Z评分将降低0.254个单位,表现出发育迟缓和消瘦的概率比正常组将分别提高5%和2%,但与肥胖不存在显著关联。性别平等感知在男孩偏好与长姐体质健康关系中发挥调节效应,父母感知到的社会性别平等越弱,男孩偏好对长姐体质健康的不利影响越强。男孩偏好对长姐体质健康的影响存在异质性,长姐处于学龄期、二孩处于学龄前和父亲出生队列较早时,男孩偏好对长姐体质健康将产生更不利的影响。未来应结合我国农村地区重男轻女的社会环境,在保证儿童福利有效供给的基础上,发展以家庭为核心的福利政策,全面构建普惠型儿童福利支持体系。

乡村收缩背景下精明发展路径探索——以黑龙江省牡丹江市兴隆镇乡村地区为例

精明收缩的发展思路为目前乡村所面临的收缩问题、促进乡村可持续发展提供了一种解决方式。本文分析了乡村收缩的普遍过程与总体特征,总结国际应对乡村收缩的路径,在此基础上探讨黑龙江省牡丹江市兴隆镇乡村地区的收缩现状,提出具体的应对策略。

乡村振兴背景下乡村地区转型与发展研究——以安徽省安庆市趾凤村为例

乡村地区的转型与发展是我国现阶段乡村振兴战略的一项重要任务。本文通过对乡村地区发展相关文献的梳理与分析,回溯了改革开放以来乡村的发展历程,厘清转型与发展的路径。并在此基础上,以安徽省安庆市趾凤村为例进行实证探索,提出优化道路空间、培育现代产业、融合旅游文化、统筹全域资源的转型与发展策略,以期为相关地区乡村的建设转型提供借鉴。

鹤山市水美乡村试点县建设经验

在推行水美乡村建设的背景下,本文对江门市鹤山市水美乡村建设工作进行分析总结。通过回顾鹤山市水美乡村建设过程中的治理成效,总结了系统治理、安全为要、水脉连通、生态提质、文旅交融、以水兴水、共建共养的有效经验做法,并据此提出了优化建议,以期为下一阶段水美乡村建设提供参考。

济宁市农村供水保障的实践与探索

济宁市是农业大市,农村群众多且居住分散,各县域水源结构和水质状况差异较大,加之历史设施欠账多,解决农村饮水安全问题任务重。济宁市以问题为导向,持续将实施农村饮水安全工程作为改善民生工程的重要内容,各级各部门持续通力合作,现全市农村自来水普及率已达到99%以上,安全保障水平大幅度提升,强力助推了水利乡村振兴。

Spatial Development Explorations of Middle- and Small-sized Mountainous Cities: A Case Study of Shangluo City, China

Spatial structural features of middle- and small-sized mountainous cities in China were analyzed. Taking Shangluo City for example, problems in the spatial planning of middle- and small-sized mountainous cities were explored, it was stressed that local characteristics should be respected to make plans reasonably, and handle the spatial transition between urban and rural areas properly, so as not to lose the originality of rural areas during the urbanization. The study aimed at providing useful experience for the urbanization.

Registration of Rural Collective Land:A Case Study of Ma'anshan City in Anhui Province

Making unified registration of rural collective land and granting legal rights of rural collective and farmer land are necessities for protecting the fundamental interests of farmers,implementing the party's rural policies,and the source of unified real estate registration,and will lay a solid foundation for smooth implementation of registration of real estate. According to requirements of Notice of the General Office of the People's Government of Anhui Province on Implementing the Confirmation and Registration of Ownership of Rural Collective Land,in order to integrate urban and rural development and safeguard the rights and interests of farmers,since January 2010,Ma'anshan Municipal Government has made an overall deployment in the whole city to carry out the confirmation and registration of rural collective land. However,complex property situation of the collective land and the problems of existing registration system have brought about many problems. Through the research and analysis,we came up with recommendations for improving the registration of rural collective land.

Low selenium and reduced cognitive function in a cohort elderly study

Cognitive function in the elderly is affected by various environmental,social,and individual factors.Studies show that chemical trace elements are closely related to cognitive function.As a protective factor,selenium promotes cognition in the elderly.However,study results into the effects of selenium on cognition have varied.By eliminating unstable environmental and other related factors,the present study selected elderly individuals from rural areas of the Shandong province to verify whether low selenium exposure is a risk factor for decreased cognitive function.Results demonstrated that age,sex,education,occupation,hypertension,stroke,and body selenium levels were factors affecting cognitive function in the elderly,and that selenium was an important protective factor.Moreover,results supported the hypothesis that a lifelong low selenium level is associated with low cognitive function.

Urban Effects on the Precipitation of Benin, Nigeria

This study is designed to examine the urban effects on the precipitation of Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. This was to ascertain the differences within urban precipitation and urban-rural differences in precipitation. The study adopted a survey design in which data used for this study were generated from direct field measurement of precipitation for the period of one year. A total of 25 rain gauges were established in the various landuse types in existence in the city in line with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standard for the collection of the precipitation amounts. Thirty-one years’ archival precipitation data were also extracted from the archive of the Nigerian Meteorological Agency Benin and Nigeria Institute of Oil Palm Research (NIFOR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test and trend analysis were used in this study. The result showed 2541 mm mean annual precipitation with 43% increase in precipitation in urban area over the country sides. Precipitation amounts differ significantly within the urban canopy from the high density areas to the natural parks. Rainfall in all months with double precipitation maxima is in the months of July and September, indicating the presence of August hiatus in the city, and it also showed that Fridays and Sundays are the wettest and driest days of the weeks. The study revealed that the precipitation of Benin-City is strong and heavy with 2311 mm and 2541 mm which has strong implications on hydrological cycle, properties and social-economic activities of the dwellers. It is therefore recommended that program on urban climatology should be initiated soon by the state and federal government of Nigeria.