Reinstating Traditional Horsemanship of Ethnic Minorities in Southern China by Excavation,Sorting,and Comparative Research

In August 1991,the book Chinese Nation’s Traditional Sports History was published,and it was hailed as the“masterpiece of Chinese folk sports”by academic circles.In this masterpiece,the traditional horsemanship of 23 ethnic minorities and that of 10 southern ethnic minorities represented by the Miao,Yi,Bai,Shui,Hani,Naxi,and other ethnic groups has been included.For the first time,this masterpiece integrates the traditional horsemanship of the ethnic minorities in Southern China in one volume.The disadvantage is that most of the included traditional horsemanship of ethnic minorities only made a brief introduction to the time,place,and form of its development.However,under the global trend of the transition from traditional society to modern society and post-modern society,the traditional horsemanship of ethnic minorities in Southern China is facing an increasingly serious crisis of inheritance and disconnection,resulting in a gradual extinction of related traditional cultural heritage.The characteristics are gradually lost because of it.Therefore,it is essential to return to the historical and cultural field of traditional horsemanship,conduct rescue excavation,sort out the traditional horsemanship of ethnic minorities in Southern China,rescue the records of traditional horsemanship that is disappearing or undergoing drastic changes,as well as carry out comparative studies on this basis.This is not only an important way to inherit the traditional culture of ethnic minorities,but also means to protect the diversity of ethnic cultures and promote the development of exotic villages.

China's Ethnic Minorities and Their Own Languages

China has 56 ethnic groups, who speak a total of 120 languages. Chinese, China＇s official language, is spoken by the Han, Hui and Manethnic groups, and all the other ethnic groups have their own languages. About 15 million people speak the Zhuang lan- guage, outnumbering speakers of any other ethnic minority language. Quite a few ethnic minority groups have two or even more spoken languages. Though belonging to the same ethnic group, the ethnic Yaos who live in different places speak four different languages -the Mian, Bunu, Lajia and Yangbu. The ethnic Jingpos also have four different spoken languages the Jingpo, Zaiwa, Langsu and Leqi.

Brief Analysis of Religious Sacrificial Activities in Agricultural Production of Ethnic Minorities in China

China is vast in territory and there are 55 ethnic minorities. Due to the geographical location,the experience in the development process and the stage of cultural development,ethnic minorities show great differences with Han people in many aspects,so that in the process of obtaining food,they manifest different cultural characteristics,especially the religious sacrifices and taboos present in the agricultural production process show more uniqueness and retain more primitive features.

Regional Autonomy of China's Ethnic Minorities

The aggregate population of ethnic minorities has never accounted for more than 9 percent of China’s total, currently approaching 1.3 billion. Yet their development and prosperity have always been high on the agenda of the leaders of the People’s Republic. One of the first things Chinese leaders did after New China was founded in 1949 was to conduct large-scale studies to identify the country’s ethnic groups and name them properly, based on scientific

Macro Characteristics of Human Rights Legal Principles for Ethnic Minorities in New China

In this paper, ethnic minorities refer to the 55 minorities other than the Han ethnic group with- in the borders of the People＇s Republic of China; human rights mean the human rights connotations within the ken of international human rights laws; legal principles mean the principles that all authoritative organizations, legislative organs, administrative departments, judicial organs and other departments should obey.

Analysis of the Ecological Migration Pattern in Ethnic Minority Areas——A Case Study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

By taking Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as an example,this paper analyzes the ecological migration pattern in ethnic minority areas.The basic patterns of development for poverty relief in Ningxia are in-situ migration and new area development pattern.The new area development pattern includes three types,namely small town development pattern around urban radiation districts,urban labor migration pattern,and large-scale ecological migration pattern.Finally,successful experience of ecological migration in Ningxia is summarized.First,scientific industrial planning shall be made on the basis of proper selection of ecological migration location in immigrant settlement regions.Second,scientific and comprehensive ecological migration policies should be formulated.

Spatial differentiation pattern of interregional migration in ethnic minority areas of Yunnan Province, China

Interregional migration has broad and far-reaching impacts on regional urbanization process in ethnic minority areas of Southwest China.The previous literature of interregional migration paid less attention on the ethnic minority areas with fragile geographical feature and marginal socio-economic context in the developing world due to the dearth of reliable data.Based on the 2015 national 1%population sampling survey at the village/community scale,taking Yulong Naxi Autonomous County,Yunnan Province,China as the case study,this paper analyzed the spatial differentiation pattern.The results showed that:(1)migration in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County exhibited obvious spatial differentiation characteristics in terms of population aggregation,population loss,migration direction,and migration activity;(2)the overall spatial differentiation of migration exhibited a"layer+sector"pattern in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County:the first layer was active areas with net inflows(<20 km from the seat of the county government),the second layer was inactive areas(within 20–60 km of the seat of the county government),and the third layer was a mixed"layer+sector"zone(>60 km to the seat of the county government),comprised of inactive areas and active areas with net outflows;(3)the spatial differentiation pattern of migration was highly correlated with the regional contexts including the regional economic development,regional transportation accessibility and regional social development,while regional physical geographical factors had insignificant relationships with the migration pattern.

Ethnic Minority Sports Thrive in China

True to the name, this quadrennial gala for China＇s ethnic minority people is indeed ＂national.＂ TheNational Traditional Games Minorities is organized by of Ethnic the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, the ministerial body of the central govern- ment in charge of affairs concerning China＇s 55 ethnic minority groups.

Casual sex and concurrent sexual partnerships among young people from an Yi community with a high prevalence of HIV in China

Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan province, China, has a high prevalence of HIV infection, which is reflective of a change in the mode of transmission from injection drug use （IDU） to heterosexual intercourse. However, few studies focus on HIV-related heterosexual risk behaviours among the majority Yi population. The objectives of this study were to explore the characteristics of an egocentric sexual network and estimate the prevalence of casual sexual behaviour. Yi villagers （n= 108）, aged 15-35 years, who reported having had sex within the previous year were interviewed as to their sexual behaviours and networks. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions provided supplementary information on sexual norms. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate unadjusted odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs）. Most of the respondents reported having had casual sex at some time in their life, and 66.7% reported multiple sexual partnerships. Only 21.3% reported ever having used a condom. During the study year, a total of 137 partners were involved in 153 sexual partnerships. Among the reported sexual partnerships, 67.3% originated from a casual sexual relationship. For network members in components of size ≥3, 56,9% were involved in concurrent sexual partnerships. Having never been married （OR： 2.11; 95% CI： 1.03-4.33） and younger age （OR： 0.89; 95% CI： 0.83-0.95） were both associated with being in a component of size ≥3. Size （OR： 2.99; 95% Ch 1.17-7.66）, pair （OR： 0.54; 95% Ch 0.039-0.74）, the number of weak components of the egocentric sexual network （OR- 30.04; 95% Ch 6.47-139.46） and gender （OR. 0. 19; 95% Ch. 0.06-0.67） were all associated with being in concurrent sexual partnerships. HIV-related interventions for the Yi ethnic minority in Sichuan province must therefore address concurrent sexual partnerships and promote condom use.

The Road to Alleviating Poverty

IN southwest China’s Yunnan Province, the local ethnic minority Nu people live 52 km from the downtown region of the Fugong County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture. However, it takes more than three hours to drive there from their village named Laomudeng due to inconvenient road transportation.

中国少数民族首次建构炎黄共同体理论研究

北魏主导的炎黄共同体理论是中国历史上首次由少数民族主导建构的共同体理论。它将鲜卑、羌、氐等入主中原的少数民族全部纳入到炎黄后代的范畴,提出了以鲜卑为主的“华夷共祖”理论,认为共祖于炎黄的“夷”也有权利追求和实践大一统,并建立了多民族的中国观和王朝观。这展现了少数民族加入中华大家庭的主观愿望,打通了少数民族追求和实践大一统的通道,为古代大一统思想的发展增添了新的内容。

胡风汉韵的激荡与融合——论魏晋北朝时期的河北艺术

魏晋南北朝时期的剧烈动荡带来了河北地区各民族的不断融合,在这一过程中,形成以汉族艺术为主导,其他民族艺术为辅助的创作新局面。首先,游侠文化在胡、汉之间盛行,该文化所具有的强健之风给当时的艺术创作带来影响。其次,北方少数民族带来了大量的异族文艺,以西域乐舞为代表的胡乐与中原雅乐开始激荡融合。而佛教的流行则使人们对生命中的痛苦有了更深的理解,佛教的慈悲情怀慰藉着乱世中的心灵。总体而言,“力”与“悲”的张力在这个时期的艺术作品中留下了鲜明的痕迹,构成这个时代艺术最鲜明的审美风格。

媒介变迁视域下东北“三少民族”传统木工艺的保护与传承

历史上,东北“三少民族”(达斡尔族、鄂温克族和鄂伦春族)常常游弋于群山峻岭之间,与山川河流为伴,创造了独具特色的传统木工艺文化。随着时代的流转和社会的变迁,这种历史悠久的传统文化逐渐遇到发展困境。媒介及其变迁作为影响当前社会文化的一个关键因素,应该对这三个民族的传统木工艺的保护与传承起到重要作用。目前,除了运用各种现代技术手段对这些工艺进行充分的媒介留存之外,还应探索相关传承工作与各种传播渠道的融合,提升其效率和质量。民族文字的缺失与长期封闭的生存环境使东北“三少民族”进入媒介化社会的历史相对短暂,其传统木工艺的保护与传承不仅需要艺人自身的努力,还需要民众广泛参与构建相应的情境,而快速发展的媒介可以在这一工作进程中发挥不应忽视的作用。

《中国农村的社会主义高潮》对民族地区乡村振兴的启示

在乡村振兴战略实施的背景下,分析《中国农村的社会主义高潮》的史料价值和社会价值,探索农业合作化过程中农村政治工作开展,劳动力资源运用,利益分配制度,农业技术提升,生态文明建设,生产资金筹集、发展规划制定等方面形成的经验及其对民族乡村振兴的借鉴作用,具有重要的现实意义。本研究首先对《中国农村的社会主义高潮》的基本情况进行了概述,呈现了材料案例反映的主要特征;其次通过对《中国农村的社会主义高潮》文献价值和社会价值的梳理,展现了中华人民共和国成立初期乡村建设的实践探索。最后将《中国农村的社会主义高潮》材料案例的经验从产业振兴、组织振兴、人才振兴、文化振兴、生态振兴等五个方面与乡村振兴对标,以解决现阶段民族地区乡村振兴着力点不平衡的问题。

基于文明比较研究的中国民族学

中国民族学的学科建设要以发现基于自身的普遍知识价值为目标,在西方民族学之外提出自己对世界的理解,进而将中国从近代西方民族学与民族主义研究的知识谱系中解脱出来,从比较文明研究入手,重新思考中国“民族”概念的意涵。中国文明是以时空循环制度为基础的,不同于以律法为基础的印欧文明和以信仰为基础的闪米特-阿拉伯文明,中国的民族也因此不同于西方基于日耳曼人的现代性为基础的nation。中国民族学的知识使命即在于以一种普遍知识方案提防走向过度的相对主义、在时空制度的现代转型过程中探寻少数民族的现代化方案、在后革命时代以国家的道德事业为基础来重构中国的整体性。

西南民族地区文旅融合发展的影响因素及组态路径--基于模糊集定性比较分析的云南省实证研究

探究西南民族地区文旅融合发展的组态路径对于促进西南民族地区文旅融合的高质量发展具有重要意义。通过归纳演绎得出西南民族地区文旅融合发展的影响因素,并借助模糊集定性比较分析方法研究云南省16个市州文旅融合发展的案例发现,单个影响因素并不构成西南民族地区文旅融合发展的必要条件,但也发挥着较普适的作用;政府与城镇化逻辑下依托需求驱动型、需求主导下依托政府与城镇化驱动型、需求与人才双元逻辑下依托政府及城镇化驱动型、多元合力驱动型四种组态路径,可助推西南民族地区文旅融合的高质量发展。

民国时期黔东南民族地区的国家治理与地方回应——以黔东事变为中心

“黔东事变”是抗战时期发生在湘黔边界少数民族聚居地区的一场大规模民变,震惊整个大后方。国家行政力量早期的暴力进入以及苗疆、汉地客观存在的异质性使得这一地区在“国家化”进程中苗汉、官民冲突不断。国民政府以“国族主义”为指导思想的接续整合,超越了前清却无法超越时代,并在“抗战建国”目标下出现利益分化和冲突。多民族国家的民族认同并不是总与国家认同保持一致的,甚至还会出现相互抵牾的状况,总结吸收国民政府在黔东南少数民族地区治理上的经验教训,有利于进一步铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

西南边境少数民族网络社群的信息生态机制分析——兼对铸牢中华民族共同体意识的考察

我国西南边境地区少数民族具有群体跨境流动、相对贫困落后、民族成分复杂、宗教信仰多样等特征,该地区“三股势力”依然活跃,并渗入各类网络社群,煽动不良情绪。从维护边境安全稳定与中华民族完整统一的国家战略来看,亟须统筹合力,优化网络社群生态,使其成为铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要阵地。对西南边境部分村落、乡镇进行调研,借鉴信息生态理论,将少数民族网络社群视作信息生态环境的重要有机体,发现其遵循以下信息生态机制:公共议题讨论,基于情感需求的“线上—线下”交互的运行机制;基层治理信息交互,社会信息交流共同体的信息交互机制;基于锚定的强集聚效应,信息中心节点聚合效应显著但不稳定性客观存在的动员机制。

日本对台湾南部少数民族地区的侵略行径研究——1874年日本侵台事件前后的历史考察

1874年日本侵台事件是改变近代中日关系的重大事件,对近代中国台湾史、中日关系史影响深远。借助传统的文献史料和最新发现的日本历史档案,尤其是《日本馆藏福建历史档案资料》和日本亚洲历史资料中心资料,可以发现在1874年日本侵台事件前后,日本以中国台湾南部少数民族地区为对象,采取了派遣间谍、恐吓拉拢、武装干涉、统筹调查等手段进行侵略扩张,企图逐步蚕食中国台湾,开启了近代日本大陆政策的施行先声。通过对日本在中国台湾南部少数民族地区侵略行径的研究,不仅揭发了日本侵略台湾的历史真相和罪行,也对厘清日本占据台湾前期的历史脉络、认清日本制定台湾政策及其演变态势的历史缘由提供了重要借鉴。