Measurement and Evaluation of the Business Environment in Large and Medium-Sized Cities in China

The comprehensive development level of the business environment reflects the quality of a region’s economic development,and a good business environment will give a city a strong vitality.This paper uses the entropy method to measure and evaluate the business environment of 106 large and medium-sized cities in China from 2017 to 2021.The results show that:From the spatial point of view,the business environment index of China’s cities shows a gradually decreasing pattern from east to west and from south to north.The balance of the business environment of large and medium-sized cities in China is divided into four levels according to the standard deviation of the ranking of each subindex.The greater the standard deviation,the more unbalanced the overall development of the business environment in the region.Finally,this paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions to further optimize the business environment.

The comprehensive evaluation of China＇s urbanization and effects on resources and environment

This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for the urbanization level in China in terms of four aspects of urbanization connotation： population, economy, society, and land. A comprehensive measurement is carried out for the Chinese urbanization between 1981 and 2006 based on the Entropy method. The results show that the comprehensive level of urbanization in China has a continuous increase with the major features of economic growth and a rapid evolution of the geographical landscape, followed by population urbanization and then social urbanization of health care standard; the distinguished evolutional characteristics can also be found in each of the subsystems. The integrated evolution of urbanization has a profound effect on the resources, energy and the environment, making the land resources and energy security situation under severe pressure. The environment pressure is also increased further.

Evaluation on Environment State of Breeding Area in Shuidong Bay by Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to develop a standard model to analyze and evaluate nearness degree of water environment quality at breeding area of Shuidong Bay in China.Results showed that certain environment contamination factors in some areas seriously exceeded the standard value and led to the whole water quality at the third class level.The measurements should be taken to promote the sustainable development of breeding area in Shuidong Bay.

Quality Evaluation of Urban Pseudo Habitat Environments Based on the Degree of Public Praise from dianping.com:A Case Study of Liaoning Province

Due to the continuous development of information technology, people's perception of real life is more based on the information acquired on the real environment with the help of various media, rather than intuition. Based on priority evaluation data obtained from dianping.com(Liaoning Province), and the established criteria for assessing pseudo habitat environment quality, this study uses the entropy method to calculate and rank the comprehensive score of each merchant's word-of-mouth evaluation. It analyzes the spatial pattern and differentiation characteristics of pseudo environment quality, as well. Results show that:(1) The overall quality scores of the pseudo living environment in southern, central, and northern Liaoning are higher than those in eastern and western area. The pseudo habitat environment quality score of coastal cities is relatively higher than that of inland cities; and that of cities with high resource depletion is lower.(2) Parent-child activity, learning and training, and sports & health have significant impact, whereas hotels and peripheral tours have less impact on the pseudo habitat environment quality in Liaoning province. The overall pseudo habitat environment quality score of a city is inversely proportional to the total scores of various indicators in the city.(3) The spatial distribution of pseudo habitat quality in Liaoning Province shows a "saddle" structure. The spatial heterogeneity of the pseudo habitat environment in central and northern Liaoning areas is larger than that in eastern, western, and southern areas of Liaoning. The degree of quality of the pseudo habitat environment is proportional to the size of its spatial differentiation degree in total.

Comprehensive Assessment of Water Environment Carrying Capacity of Yunnan Province

Based on the concept and connotation of water environment carrying capacity, taking Yunnan Province as a case, this paper built water environment carrying capacity evaluation system from the perspectives of water resources, water environment carrying capacity and socio-economic development, and applied the index evaluation model to analyze the trends of water environment carrying capacity in Yunnan from 2006 to 2014. The results showed that, during those years, the evaluation value of water environment carrying capacity ranged from 0.23 to 0.46 in Yunnan Province.The minimum value was 0.23 in 2013, the maximum value was 0.46 in 2010. From 2006 to 2014, the evaluation value of water environment carrying capacity was less than 0.5 in general, and the water environment in a fragile state on the whole.

Grey Clustering Evaluation on Regional Eco-environmental Quality Based on Normalized Index Value

[Objective] The aim was to assess regional eco-environmental quality by means of grey clustering method based on normalized index value. [Method] Eco-environmental quality in Chaohu basin was assessed by using grey clustering method based on normalized index value, and the evaluation results were compared with those of unascertained measure method to verify the feasibility of grey clustering method used to evaluate regional eco-environmental quality. [Result] In the grey clustering assessment method based on normalized index value, indices whose standard normalized values in the same grade were close to each other were classified into one class and had the same whitening function, which reduced the number of whitening functions. Grey clustering method based on normalized index value was used to assess eco-environmental quality in Chaohu basin, and the evaluation results were basically in accordance with those of unascertained measure method, namely eco-environmental quality in Hefei, Chaohu and Lu’an belonged to the third (pass), fourth (worse) and fifth grade (bad), except for one grade difference in overall basin, and the results showed that the method had practicality and could be applied to assess regional eco-environmental quality. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical foundation for the establishment of comprehensive management countermeasures of regional ecological environment.

A Study on College English Classroom Teaching from the Perspective of Educational Ecology

College English education is an integral part of China’s higher education system.However,there are still problems in the teaching,such as students’lack of subjectivity,rigid teaching environment and single form of teaching method.In the perspective of educational ecology,this paper explains the basic concepts of educational ecology,and under the guidance of ecological theory,interprets the reasons for the imbalance of the current English teaching ecological environment,and puts forward strategies to improve the quality of college English classroom teaching in order to guarantee the quality of college English Classroom teaching.

Comprehensive Assessment and Analysis of National Surface Meteorological Observation Stations: A Case Study of Hebei Province

With the rapid development of China s economic construction and the rapid advancement of urban-rural integration construction, meteorological detection environment has been damaged repeatedly, which seriously affects the representativeness, accuracy, and comparability of meteorological data, so it is urgent to protect meteorological detection environment. Based on the investigation and evaluation method of detection environment of national ground meteorological observation stations and high-altitude meteorological observation stations, satellite remote sensing data, and climate analysis method, the evaluation method of detection environment and meteorological data was improved to comprehensively assess the detection environment and meteorological data of stations. After the evaluation results were compared with the results of the survey and evaluation in 2013, it is found that the new assessment method maintains the continuity of detection environment assessment and can objectively reflect the changes of the station detection environment. The research on the method and standard for the evaluation of detection environment and data analysis of meteorological stations provides a scientific basis for the establishment of detection environmental protection plans by stations at all levels, and provides technical support for the scientific and rational adjustment of station network by administrative departments at all levels.

人地复合生态系统韧性研究进展及其对海岸带生态系统韧性研究的启示

在全球气候变化与人类高强度开发的双重影响下,人地复合生态系统和受陆海系统交互影响的海岸带地区生态脆弱性更加明显。如何有效把握人地复合生态系统发展动向,合理规划与调控社会经济活动、促进人地关系协调发展一直是可持续发展领域研究的重点课题。韧性作为系统的内在特征,在防范化解灾害风险、维护区域生态安全中发挥着重要作用,是人地复合生态系统可持续发展能力的重要表现。然而,目前关于人地复合生态系统韧性的内涵、评估方法等方面尚未形成统一的范式,韧性的量化评估方法存在较大差异。通过梳理和归纳现有研究成果认为,韧性经历了从工程韧性、生态韧性到演进韧性的转变,其概念及内涵仍在不断拓展与深化;总结对比了基于过程形成性和状态总结性的韧性评估方法发现,将韧性作为过程与结果的综合评估研究仍较为缺乏;在抵抗扰动、维持稳定和协调发展的韧性理念下,生态系统的保护与修复等将是区域可持续发展应用中人地复合生态系统安全的重要保障。根据人地复合生态系统韧性研究进展的分析结果,结合海岸带生态系统韧性研究的现状及不足,认为未来需要在加强海岸带生态系统韧性内涵挖掘、完善海岸带生态系统韧性评价体系、提高海岸带生态系统韧性监测精度、促进学科融合推动海岸带生态系统韧性有效修复实践等方面深入研究。

锦州市规划区地质环境安全评价研究

地质环境问题是影响城市国土空间安全开发利用的重要因素,在城市规划开发阶段开展地质环境综合评价可有效控制地质灾害风险。锦州市规划区尚处于开发前期,本文基于该规划区的地质条件和开发需求,构建了地质环境安全评价指标和评价方法体系,基于主导因素综合法开展了地质环境安全综合评价。根据评价结果,锦州市规划区地质环境安全程度可划分为3级,空间分布上以相对安全区为主,其次为次不安全区和安全区。按照空间位置和区域构造稳定性、地质灾害易发性等不同成因划分为23个亚区,并指出了每个亚区安全程度主要影响因素。该评价结果反映了锦州市规划区的地质环境安全程度,确定了影响地质环境安全问题的关键因素,有助于规避该区国土空间规划开发可能面临的地质灾害风险。

基于两种评价方法的内蒙古哈素海水环境质量评价分析

为明确哈素海水质状况,推进内蒙古黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展,2021年夏季(7月)和秋季(10月),对哈素海六个监测点的水环境进行调查研究,并采用单因子评价法和模糊综合评价法分析其水环境质量和影响因素。结果表明,哈素海夏季单因子评价法各监测点水质为Ⅴ类及以上,秋季各监测点水质为Ⅳ类或Ⅴ类;哈素海夏季模糊综合评价法各监测点水质为Ⅴ类或以下,秋季各监测点水质为Ⅲ类或Ⅳ类;两种方法均表明哈素海秋季水质优于夏季。夏季后河进水口和东南湖区的水质较好,秋季黄河进水口的水质较差,且总氮、总磷是影响哈素海水质的主要因素。研究表明,单因子评价法和模糊综合评价法对哈素海水质类别评价有差异,模糊综合评价法得到的水质等级优于单因子评价法,但总体趋势基本一致,建议采用两种方法联合评价哈素海的水质。

雄安新区环境承载力评价指标体系构建与应用研究

基于水环境、大气环境和地质环境3个维度,选择工业万元GDP废水排放量、空气质量优良天数占比、平均地下水埋深度等26个三级评价指标,通过相关性分析和主成分分析等定量方法进行评价指标筛选,构建涵盖城市污水日处理能力、空气质量综合指数、地面沉降速率等11个三级评级指标的雄安新区环境承载力评价指标体系,并运用模糊综合评价法对2014-2020年新区的环境承载力进行评价。结果表明:2014-2020年,雄安新区的环境承载力评价结果分别为0.219 7、0.211 8、0.216 0、0.240 7、0.266 7、0.340 4、0.428 4,年均增长率为11.77%,总体呈现上升趋势,主要是由于2017年后新区持续加大白洋淀水环境的治理力度,区域环境状况明显改善,环境承载力大幅提升。

公共健康视角下的恢复性环境实证研究综述

社会飞速发展,人类对健康生活的追求给予了环境新的价值和意义,环境的健康效益被深度挖掘。本文利用Citespace可视化分析工具,基于Web of Science数据库的346篇文献和中国知网166篇文献,从环境和需求两个角度梳理恢复性环境基础理论及概念,分类总结研究内容和研究热点,比较分析实证研究中的材料呈现、被试筛选及实验方法。最后,针对研究内容和实验流程进行深入探讨,挖掘恢复性环境研究的新内容,思考有关样本量有效性、前期施压程度及首位效应等实验中的关键问题,以期为后续恢复性环境的实证研究提供有力参考,作为循证设计与实践结合的科学指导。

基于熵权—突变级数法的中国省域营商环境评价研究

营商环境是省域竞争力和影响力的重要体现,优化营商环境是驱动经济高质量发展的重要法宝。基于政务环境、法治环境、公共环境、市场环境四个维度,构建我国省域营商环境评价指标体系,并尝试纳入“数字政府”新指标。基于熵权—突变级数法,对我国31个省域的营商环境实践工作进行系统评价。研究结果表明,我国省域营商环境发展水平呈现层次化特征,在整体指标与分项指标方面均存在较大发展差距,且区域层面呈现出东部地区最优、中部和东北地区次之、西部地区最为落后的空间分布特征。根据研究结论提出优化我国省域营商环境的对策建议:加强各省市协同顶层设计,完善沟通协调机制;从公共环境、法治环境及政务环境等入手改善营商环境;重视以“标准化”促进“平衡化”发展;积极推动以评促建、以评促改。

基于AHP—熵权法的甘肃省营商环境评价与优化研究

以甘肃省为对象,通过对甘肃省优化营商环境的政府文件进行文本分析,提取评价指标,结合文献以及甘肃省情补充指标后,创新性运用层次分析法(AHP)与熵权法(EWM)进行组合赋权,最终构建出以市场环境、政务数字环境、法制政策环境、创新环境、基础建设环境、生态环境为指标的甘肃省营商环境评价体系,代入甘肃省14个市州的指标数据后,对甘肃省各市州和甘肃省总体营商环境进行分析,为甘肃省营商环境的优化提供了科学依据和建议。

自修复混凝土修复性能评估中的若干关键技术与方法研究综述

混凝土的自修复可有效抑制混凝土开裂并降低其开裂对材料力学和耐久性能的不利影响,从而提高混凝土结构的安全性和韧性、延长混凝土结构的使用寿命、降低混凝土结构的维护成本,是推动混凝土材料与结构可持续发展的一种极具前景的技术方法。然而,目前关于混凝土自修复性能评估过程中的裂缝制备和自修复环境选择、效果评价指标、修复机制表征方法等关键技术手段尚未形成统一认识与标准。基于此,本文分析了采用加载和非加载方式制备自修复混凝土裂缝的特点和自修复环境的选择原则,比较了基于裂缝特征、力学性能、耐久性能和微观结构的自修复效果评价方法,总结了自修复混凝土修复机理的研究方法,最后,提出了自修复混凝土研究中存在的问题和潜在的改进措施,并展望了自修复混凝土的发展趋势和应用前景。

汽车乘员舱空调热舒适测试与评价方法

在节约能源的前提下,优化乘员舱热环境、提升驾乘人员舒适性是汽车热管理的研究重点之一。随着电动汽车市场占有率的增长,乘员舱热舒适受到了更多的关注。本文综述了汽车乘员舱环境热舒适评价方法。首先,阐述了乘员舱热环境的瞬态非均匀特征及其与人员热舒适的关联。其次,介绍了多种热舒适模型的原理,包括PMV-PPD模型、等效均匀温度(EHT)模型、多节点多节段热舒适模型,并从模型输入/输出参数对汽车乘员舱热舒适评价的适用性等方面进行了对比分析。再次,介绍了乘员舱热环境测试及仿真方法,着重对比了暖体假人和空调假人在乘员舱热环境评价中的适用性。最后,基于本文所提出的评价方法,使用空调假人开展实车测试,对乘员舱环境热舒适进行了评价。

中国乡村人居环境韧性评价及障碍因素分析

论文从乡村人居环境韧性内涵出发,构建乡村人居环境韧性评价指标体系,并将其转换为基于系统属性的乡村人居环境韧性评价指标体系,分析2010—2020年中国乡村人居环境韧性演变特征,识别中国乡村人居环境韧性障碍因素。研究结果表明:中国乡村人居环境韧性指数总体呈现波动上升态势,但各区域变动态势不尽相同,乡村人居环境韧性水平变动与经济发展格局基本一致。乡村人居环境不同子系统韧性呈现不同的变动态势,社会子系统韧性水平最高,经济子系统韧性水平最低,且呈现持续下滑态势。工程子系统韧性障碍度是乡村韧性水平提升的最主要障碍子系统,资源禀赋、农业生产、环境治理、居住条件和科技创新是中国乡村人居环境韧性提升的共同障碍要素。根据障碍度测算结果将中国各省份划分为环境治理与生态维护障碍型、资源禀赋与环境治理障碍型、居住条件与区域交通障碍型、农业生产条件与居住条件障碍型,并针对不同类型的特点提出不同的对策。

数字化转型背景下国内教师网络研修:研究热点与未来发展

教师队伍的数字化转型需要加快教师专业发展,网络研修作为提升教师专业能力与素养的重要途径,已成为国内教育领域关注的重点。文章在梳理2013年至2023年国内网络研修相关研究文献、典型案例、研究报告的基础上,从“谁来研修”“在哪研修”“研修什么”“如何研修”“研修得如何”5个方面梳理了当前数字化转型背景下国内网络研修的研究热点,并提出了未来研究的发展趋势:开展教师网络研修教育社会实验,为实践干预提供方法论指导;构建基于生成式人工智能的人机共生网络研修新模式,推动网络研修实践发展;资源推送辅以信息偶遇,创新问题解决方案。

基于熵值法的成渝城市群城市化水平综合评测

成渝城市群作为具有全国影响力的区域经济中心,其城市发展历程对中国城市化建设具有重要指引作用。基于区域城市化水平综合评测方法构建城市化综合测评体系,结合熵值法综合评估成渝城市群主要节点城市2000-2020年的发展状况,结果表明:(1)成渝城市群城市化的发展主要以经济城市化为主,空间城市化和社会城市化发展次之,人口城市化发展占比最低。(2)节点城市指标层分析发现,重庆市和成都市的发展质量远超其余城市,重庆市城市化演变表现为经济、人口、空间、社会共同发展,而成都市在人口城市化发展上稍显缓慢。(3)德阳、绵阳等大型城市在城市化发展上均有所提升,在社会城市化较强的基础上加速发展经济,空间和人口的城市化发展力度则有所减缓。