BACKGROUND： The interpretation of non-verbal social signals relies heavily on the ability to perceive biological motion. The posterior superior temporal sulcus is an important part of a network involved in biological...BACKGROUND： The interpretation of non-verbal social signals relies heavily on the ability to perceive biological motion. The posterior superior temporal sulcus is an important part of a network involved in biological motion processing. However, the underlying functional organization remains poorly understood. Several studies have suggested topographical representation of motion from different body parts within this region. However, other studies have shown that the posterior superior temporal sulcus responds equally to any body part. OBJECTIVE： Through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging, the effects of socially relevant biological motion stimuli to activate a specific cortical area within posterior superior temporal sulcus, even if different body parts are involved in motion, will be analyzed. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A functional magnetic resonance imaging, block-design was performed at the Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Surgical Medical Investigation Center, Havana, Cuba between 2004 and 2005. PARTICIPANTS： Thirteen healthy volunteers, from 19 to 55 years of age and compris!ng eight males and five females, were included in the study. METHODS： A conjunction analysis of responses to natural, dynamic, fearful, facial expressions and point-light, body-motion animations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The corresponding functionally specialized areas, as well as neural areas significant for both types of stimuli, were identified. RESULTS： One region within the posterior superior temporal sulcus of the right hemisphere was equally activated by facial and body complex motion. CONCLUSION： A site of common neural activity existed within the posterior superior temporal sulcus, which was not specific to a biological motion type. In addition, the activity was not related to a topographically organized body-part map, which suggested high-level visual representation of biological motion in this region.展开更多
A 551-bp hIL-11 gene fragment that includes no nucleotide sequences encoding signalpolypeptide and the initial 8 amino acids of the mature protein was cloned into a high-level expression vectorpEx31B of E.coli.The aut...A 551-bp hIL-11 gene fragment that includes no nucleotide sequences encoding signalpolypeptide and the initial 8 amino acids of the mature protein was cloned into a high-level expression vectorpEx31B of E.coli.The authors identified the recombinant plasmid,designated pEx31-IL11,by restriction endonu-cleases digestion and DNA sequencing.The resulting recombinant plasmids were then used to transform E.colistrain HB101,and expression in the PL promoter system,which is temperature-regulated,was achieved.The ex-pressed fusion protein amounts to 50% of total bacterial proteins.The hIL-11 protein expressed in E.coliwas fused to the N-terminal 99 amino acids of the MS2 polymerase to form the inclusion body.Theserecombinant proteins can be purified to about 80% by extracting inclusion body with urea.OneIL-6-dependent cell line 7 TD1 was used for bioassay.The recombinant hIL-11 protein was preliminarily puri-fied and renatured to a specific activity of 10~5U/mg,even in the presence of an excess of a neutralizing an-ti-IL-6 antibody.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND： The interpretation of non-verbal social signals relies heavily on the ability to perceive biological motion. The posterior superior temporal sulcus is an important part of a network involved in biological motion processing. However, the underlying functional organization remains poorly understood. Several studies have suggested topographical representation of motion from different body parts within this region. However, other studies have shown that the posterior superior temporal sulcus responds equally to any body part. OBJECTIVE： Through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging, the effects of socially relevant biological motion stimuli to activate a specific cortical area within posterior superior temporal sulcus, even if different body parts are involved in motion, will be analyzed. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A functional magnetic resonance imaging, block-design was performed at the Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Surgical Medical Investigation Center, Havana, Cuba between 2004 and 2005. PARTICIPANTS： Thirteen healthy volunteers, from 19 to 55 years of age and compris!ng eight males and five females, were included in the study. METHODS： A conjunction analysis of responses to natural, dynamic, fearful, facial expressions and point-light, body-motion animations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The corresponding functionally specialized areas, as well as neural areas significant for both types of stimuli, were identified. RESULTS： One region within the posterior superior temporal sulcus of the right hemisphere was equally activated by facial and body complex motion. CONCLUSION： A site of common neural activity existed within the posterior superior temporal sulcus, which was not specific to a biological motion type. In addition, the activity was not related to a topographically organized body-part map, which suggested high-level visual representation of biological motion in this region.
文摘A 551-bp hIL-11 gene fragment that includes no nucleotide sequences encoding signalpolypeptide and the initial 8 amino acids of the mature protein was cloned into a high-level expression vectorpEx31B of E.coli.The authors identified the recombinant plasmid,designated pEx31-IL11,by restriction endonu-cleases digestion and DNA sequencing.The resulting recombinant plasmids were then used to transform E.colistrain HB101,and expression in the PL promoter system,which is temperature-regulated,was achieved.The ex-pressed fusion protein amounts to 50% of total bacterial proteins.The hIL-11 protein expressed in E.coliwas fused to the N-terminal 99 amino acids of the MS2 polymerase to form the inclusion body.Theserecombinant proteins can be purified to about 80% by extracting inclusion body with urea.OneIL-6-dependent cell line 7 TD1 was used for bioassay.The recombinant hIL-11 protein was preliminarily puri-fied and renatured to a specific activity of 10~5U/mg,even in the presence of an excess of a neutralizing an-ti-IL-6 antibody.
