Mobile communication standards have been developed into a new era of B5G and 6G.In recent years,low earth orbit(LEO)satellites and space Internet have become hot topics.The integrated satellite and terrestrial systems...Mobile communication standards have been developed into a new era of B5G and 6G.In recent years,low earth orbit(LEO)satellites and space Internet have become hot topics.The integrated satellite and terrestrial systems have been widely discussed by industries and academics,and even are expected to be applied in those huge constellations in construction.This paper points out the trends of two stages towards system integration of the terrestrial mobile communication and the satellite communications:to be compatible with 5G,and to be integrated within 6G.Based on analysis of the challenges of both stages,key technologies are thereafter analyzed in detail,covering both air interface currently discussed in 3GPP for B5G and also novel network architecture and related transmission technologies toward future 6G.展开更多
Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that ...Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.展开更多
A novel phased array antenna consisting of 256 elements is presented and experimentally verified for 5G millimeter-wave wireless communications.The antenna integrated with a wave control circuit can perform real-time ...A novel phased array antenna consisting of 256 elements is presented and experimentally verified for 5G millimeter-wave wireless communications.The antenna integrated with a wave control circuit can perform real-time beam scanning by reconfiguring the phase of an antenna unit.The unit,designed at 28 GHz using a simple patch structure with one PIN diode,can be electronically controlled to generate 1 bit phase quantization.A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and measured to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach.The measurement results indicate that the antenna achieves high gain and fast beam-steering,with the scan beams within±60°range and the maximum gain up to 21.7 dBi.Furthermore,it is also tested for wireless video transmission.In ZTE Shanghai,the antenna was used for the 5G New Radio(NR)test.The error vector magnitude(EVM)is less than 3%and the adjacent channel leakage ratio(ACLR)less than−35 dBc,which can meet 5G system requirements.Compared with the conventional phased array antenna,the proposed phased array has the advantages of low power consumption,low cost and conformal geometry.Due to these characteristics,the antenna is promising for wide applications in 5G millimeter-wave communication systems.展开更多
The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technica...The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technical routes of railway next-generation mobile communication determined by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.From the aspects of work objectives,principles,technical routes and innovative working methods,the paper elaborates the ideas of railway 5G scientific and technological research,puts forward the contents and plans of scientific and technological research on railway 5G private network,systematically organizes the achievements in the scientific and technological research stage of railway 5G private network,and sets forth the key contents of next-step scientific and technological research.展开更多
The fifth generation(5G) network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections,to achieve better spectrum- and energy-efficiency,as well as quality of...The fifth generation(5G) network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections,to achieve better spectrum- and energy-efficiency,as well as quality of service(QoS) in terms of delay,reliability and security.Furthermore,the 5G network shall also incorporate high mobility requirements as an integral part,providing satisfactory service to users travelling at a speed up to 500 km/h.This paper provides a survey of potential high mobility wireless communication(HMWC) techniques for 5G network.After discussing the typical requirements and challenges of HMWC,key techniques to cope with the challenges are reviewed,including transmission techniques under the fast timevarying channels,network architecture with mobility support,and mobility management.Finally,future research directions on 5G high mobility communications are given.展开更多
The development of science and technology is the key to changing human life and promoting social and economic development.As a product of technological development,the widespread application of communication technolog...The development of science and technology is the key to changing human life and promoting social and economic development.As a product of technological development,the widespread application of communication technology has brought a brand new“dawn”to the development of human society.5G wireless communication technology is an advanced wireless communication technology that has recently developed.With the advantages of low energy consumption and high network speed,5G technology has shown very bright development prospects in various fields today.Government,operators and equipment providers are actively promoting and deploying 5G technology,and all links in the industry chain are mature.It is expected that the future market size will reach 17 trillion,especially in today’s industrial field,the application of 5G technology will further enhance work efficiency,ensure work quality,and promote good development in the industrial field.Based on this,this paper will study the development of 5G wireless technology in the industrial field,so as to provide corresponding reference for the good application of 5G technology in the industrial field.展开更多
We investigate the design of satellite network slicing for the first time to provide customized services for the diversified applications,and propose a novel scheme for satellite end-to-end(E2E) network slicing based ...We investigate the design of satellite network slicing for the first time to provide customized services for the diversified applications,and propose a novel scheme for satellite end-to-end(E2E) network slicing based on 5G technology,which provides a view of common satellite network slicing and supports flexible network deployment between the satellite and the ground.Specifically,considering the limited satellite network resource and the characteristics of the satellite channel,we propose a novel satellite E2E network slicing architecture.Therein,the deployment of the network functions between the satellite and the ground is coordinately considered.Subsequently,the classification and the isolation technologies of satellite network sub-slices are proposed adaptively based on 5G technology to support resource allocation on demand.Then,we develop the management technologies for the satellite E2E network slicing including slicing key performance indicator(KPI) design,slicing deployment,and slicing management.Finally,the analysis of the challenges and future work shows the potential research in the future.展开更多
Road transport is been used for moving people and all kinds of goods throughout the world. However, it is one mode of transportation that is prone to accidents and it faces a plethora of never-ending challenges, such ...Road transport is been used for moving people and all kinds of goods throughout the world. However, it is one mode of transportation that is prone to accidents and it faces a plethora of never-ending challenges, such as the frequent loss of lives and valuables when accident occurs. The best course of action to handle these issues is to set up an autonomous incident detection system using wireless communication, 5G technologies and the Internet of Things. IoT is a seamless technology that increases the connectivity between humans and machines. It is web-based, and improves communication between vehicle to vehicle, vehicle to infrastructures, transfer of data and information to predict incident occurrences through various networks and frameworks such as eCall, OneM2M and integration of mobile broadband. Additionally, internet of things is being adopted for public safety;for instance, it can speed up first responders’ response times to situations by displaying the best routes to a scene of an accident. The rapid development of 5G is happening in parallel with developments of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and smart platforms for novel applications such as mission-critical communications. 5G is a new generation technology that operates on the Ultra High Spectrum Band UHSB. It is an innovation that uses the pedestrians-vehicle-road-cloud, and the communication between vehicle locations and temperature of high-quality connection. It is essential for intelligent transport systems because it allows for information sharing, prediction of incidences as safety is the primary concern of road transport. This review examines accident detection through 5G technology, integrated mobile broadband, and multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) wireless system. Finally, we conclude by examining recent technology, challenges, present and future research trends.展开更多
Compact fifth-generation(5G)low-frequency band filtering antennas(filtennas)with stable directive radiation patterns,improved bandwidth(BW),and gain are designed,fabricated,and tested in this research.The proposed fil...Compact fifth-generation(5G)low-frequency band filtering antennas(filtennas)with stable directive radiation patterns,improved bandwidth(BW),and gain are designed,fabricated,and tested in this research.The proposed filtennas are achieved by combining the predesigned compact 5G(5.975–7.125 GHz)third-order uniform and non-uniform transmission line hairpin bandpass filters(UTL and NTL HPBFs)with the compact ultrawide band Vivaldi tapered slot antenna(UWB VTSA)in one module.The objective of this integration is to enhance the performance of 5.975–7.125GHz filtennas which will be suitable for modern mobile communication applications by exploiting the benefits of UWB VTSA.Based on NTL HPBF,more space is provided to add the direct current(DC)biassing circuits in cognitive radio networks(CRNs)for frequency reconfigurable applications.To overcome the mismatch between HPBFs and VTSA,detailed parametric studies are presented.Computer simulation technology(CST)software is used for the simulation in this study.Good measured S11 appeared to be<−13 and<−10.54 dB at 5.48–7.73 and 5.9–7.98GHz with peak realized gains of 6.37 and 6.27 dBi,for VTSA with UTL and NTL HPBFs,respectively which outperforms the predesigned filters.Validation is carried out by comparing the measured and simulated results.展开更多
5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intellige...5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intelligent equipment,intelligent operation and in other fields.In order to promote the standardized application of 5G technology in intelligent HSRs in a scientific and orderly manner and to avoid redundant construction and wasteful investment,it is imperative to carry out a systematical top-level design of the application scenarios at the initial stage.To this end,after investigating and analyzing the 5G application demands in different aspects of HSRs and the general structure of the railway 5G network,this paper formulates an overall planning of 5G technology application scenarios and proposes solutions to some typical application scenarios in the intelligent HSR system,based on the architecture and requirements of the intelligent HSR system.展开更多
Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars havin...Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars having their “over the air updates”. Both of these two companies use the 4G and 5G technology. So this report will include a technical overview of the technology and protocols (LTE Advanced) used in 4G and 5G networks and how they provide services to the user and how data is transferred within the networks. And there are lots of different parts about the network architecture between the 4G and 5G systems. This report will talk about some different parts between these two systems and some challenges in them.展开更多
The device-to-device(D2D)technology performs explicit communication between the terminal and the base station(BS)terminal,so there is no need to transmit data through the BS system.The establishment of a short-distanc...The device-to-device(D2D)technology performs explicit communication between the terminal and the base station(BS)terminal,so there is no need to transmit data through the BS system.The establishment of a short-distance D2D communication link can greatly reduce the burden on the BS server.At present,D2D is one of the key technologies in 5G technology and has been studied in depth.D2D communication reuses the resources of cellular users to improve system key parameters like utilization and throughput.However,repeated use of the spectrum and coexistence of cellular users can cause co-channel interference.Aiming at the interference problem under the constraint of fair resource allocation and improving the system throughput,this paper proposes an effective resource optimization scheme based on the firework method.The main idea is to expand the weighted sum rate and convert the allocated resource expression into fireworks to determine the correlation matrix.The simulation results show that,compared with the existing scheme,this scheme improves system performance by reducing interference.展开更多
The explosive growth of data traffic due to ubiquitous smart devices has accelerated the evolution of mobile communication from 4G to 5G. To achieve an extremely high performance, 5G mobile communication system is fac...The explosive growth of data traffic due to ubiquitous smart devices has accelerated the evolution of mobile communication from 4G to 5G. To achieve an extremely high performance, 5G mobile communication system is facing challenges in the design of new network architectures, new radio access techniques, and new transmission waveforms. Motivated by this observation, FITEE organizes this special issue on 5G Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies, to advance the studies of this field.展开更多
将机器人采集到的温度、湿度和位置等数据信息传送至云平台服务器,便于云端数据分析、机器人数据共享以及人机信息交互等。本文应用第4代移动通信技术(the 4th generation mobile communication technology,4G)无线传输技术,设计的机器...将机器人采集到的温度、湿度和位置等数据信息传送至云平台服务器,便于云端数据分析、机器人数据共享以及人机信息交互等。本文应用第4代移动通信技术(the 4th generation mobile communication technology,4G)无线传输技术,设计的机器人与云平台无线数据传输系统主要包括硬件和软件实现2个部分,硬件方面机器人通过32位微控制器(STMicroelectronics32,STM32)嵌入式系统与4G模块组合,将传感器采集到的数据信息,通过Internet网络传输到云平台服务器中,软件部分运用C语言编程通过网络透传模式(transmission control protocol/user datagram protocol, TCP/UDP)实现无线通信过程,最终实验验证了机器人与云平台服务器之间的双向无线数据传输功能。展开更多
Spatio-temporal cellular network traffic prediction at wide-area level plays an important role in resource reconfiguration,traffic scheduling and intrusion detection,thus potentially supporting connected intelligence ...Spatio-temporal cellular network traffic prediction at wide-area level plays an important role in resource reconfiguration,traffic scheduling and intrusion detection,thus potentially supporting connected intelligence of the sixth generation of mobile communications technology(6G).However,the existing studies just focus on the spatio-temporal modeling of traffic data of single network service,such as short message,call,or Internet.It is not conducive to accurate prediction of traffic data,characterised by diverse network service,spatio-temporality and supersize volume.To address this issue,a novel multi-task deep learning framework is developed for citywide cellular network traffic prediction.Functionally,this framework mainly consists of a dual modular feature sharing layer and a multi-task learning layer(DMFS-MT).The former aims at mining long-term spatio-temporal dependencies and local spatio-temporal fluctuation trends in data,respectively,via a new combination of convolutional gated recurrent unit(ConvGRU)and 3-dimensional convolutional neural network(3D-CNN).For the latter,each task is performed for predicting service-specific traffic data based on a fully connected network.On the real-world Telecom Italia dataset,simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal through prediction performance measure,spatial pattern comparison and statistical distribution verification.展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars in China under grant 61425012the National Science Foundation Project in China under grant 61931005 and 61731017.
文摘Mobile communication standards have been developed into a new era of B5G and 6G.In recent years,low earth orbit(LEO)satellites and space Internet have become hot topics.The integrated satellite and terrestrial systems have been widely discussed by industries and academics,and even are expected to be applied in those huge constellations in construction.This paper points out the trends of two stages towards system integration of the terrestrial mobile communication and the satellite communications:to be compatible with 5G,and to be integrated within 6G.Based on analysis of the challenges of both stages,key technologies are thereafter analyzed in detail,covering both air interface currently discussed in 3GPP for B5G and also novel network architecture and related transmission technologies toward future 6G.
文摘Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.
文摘A novel phased array antenna consisting of 256 elements is presented and experimentally verified for 5G millimeter-wave wireless communications.The antenna integrated with a wave control circuit can perform real-time beam scanning by reconfiguring the phase of an antenna unit.The unit,designed at 28 GHz using a simple patch structure with one PIN diode,can be electronically controlled to generate 1 bit phase quantization.A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and measured to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach.The measurement results indicate that the antenna achieves high gain and fast beam-steering,with the scan beams within±60°range and the maximum gain up to 21.7 dBi.Furthermore,it is also tested for wireless video transmission.In ZTE Shanghai,the antenna was used for the 5G New Radio(NR)test.The error vector magnitude(EVM)is less than 3%and the adjacent channel leakage ratio(ACLR)less than−35 dBc,which can meet 5G system requirements.Compared with the conventional phased array antenna,the proposed phased array has the advantages of low power consumption,low cost and conformal geometry.Due to these characteristics,the antenna is promising for wide applications in 5G millimeter-wave communication systems.
文摘The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technical routes of railway next-generation mobile communication determined by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.From the aspects of work objectives,principles,technical routes and innovative working methods,the paper elaborates the ideas of railway 5G scientific and technological research,puts forward the contents and plans of scientific and technological research on railway 5G private network,systematically organizes the achievements in the scientific and technological research stage of railway 5G private network,and sets forth the key contents of next-step scientific and technological research.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program No.2012CB316100)
文摘The fifth generation(5G) network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections,to achieve better spectrum- and energy-efficiency,as well as quality of service(QoS) in terms of delay,reliability and security.Furthermore,the 5G network shall also incorporate high mobility requirements as an integral part,providing satisfactory service to users travelling at a speed up to 500 km/h.This paper provides a survey of potential high mobility wireless communication(HMWC) techniques for 5G network.After discussing the typical requirements and challenges of HMWC,key techniques to cope with the challenges are reviewed,including transmission techniques under the fast timevarying channels,network architecture with mobility support,and mobility management.Finally,future research directions on 5G high mobility communications are given.
文摘The development of science and technology is the key to changing human life and promoting social and economic development.As a product of technological development,the widespread application of communication technology has brought a brand new“dawn”to the development of human society.5G wireless communication technology is an advanced wireless communication technology that has recently developed.With the advantages of low energy consumption and high network speed,5G technology has shown very bright development prospects in various fields today.Government,operators and equipment providers are actively promoting and deploying 5G technology,and all links in the industry chain are mature.It is expected that the future market size will reach 17 trillion,especially in today’s industrial field,the application of 5G technology will further enhance work efficiency,ensure work quality,and promote good development in the industrial field.Based on this,this paper will study the development of 5G wireless technology in the industrial field,so as to provide corresponding reference for the good application of 5G technology in the industrial field.
文摘We investigate the design of satellite network slicing for the first time to provide customized services for the diversified applications,and propose a novel scheme for satellite end-to-end(E2E) network slicing based on 5G technology,which provides a view of common satellite network slicing and supports flexible network deployment between the satellite and the ground.Specifically,considering the limited satellite network resource and the characteristics of the satellite channel,we propose a novel satellite E2E network slicing architecture.Therein,the deployment of the network functions between the satellite and the ground is coordinately considered.Subsequently,the classification and the isolation technologies of satellite network sub-slices are proposed adaptively based on 5G technology to support resource allocation on demand.Then,we develop the management technologies for the satellite E2E network slicing including slicing key performance indicator(KPI) design,slicing deployment,and slicing management.Finally,the analysis of the challenges and future work shows the potential research in the future.
文摘Road transport is been used for moving people and all kinds of goods throughout the world. However, it is one mode of transportation that is prone to accidents and it faces a plethora of never-ending challenges, such as the frequent loss of lives and valuables when accident occurs. The best course of action to handle these issues is to set up an autonomous incident detection system using wireless communication, 5G technologies and the Internet of Things. IoT is a seamless technology that increases the connectivity between humans and machines. It is web-based, and improves communication between vehicle to vehicle, vehicle to infrastructures, transfer of data and information to predict incident occurrences through various networks and frameworks such as eCall, OneM2M and integration of mobile broadband. Additionally, internet of things is being adopted for public safety;for instance, it can speed up first responders’ response times to situations by displaying the best routes to a scene of an accident. The rapid development of 5G is happening in parallel with developments of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and smart platforms for novel applications such as mission-critical communications. 5G is a new generation technology that operates on the Ultra High Spectrum Band UHSB. It is an innovation that uses the pedestrians-vehicle-road-cloud, and the communication between vehicle locations and temperature of high-quality connection. It is essential for intelligent transport systems because it allows for information sharing, prediction of incidences as safety is the primary concern of road transport. This review examines accident detection through 5G technology, integrated mobile broadband, and multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) wireless system. Finally, we conclude by examining recent technology, challenges, present and future research trends.
基金This work was supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme under the Professional Development Research University from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)under Grant 06E07.
文摘Compact fifth-generation(5G)low-frequency band filtering antennas(filtennas)with stable directive radiation patterns,improved bandwidth(BW),and gain are designed,fabricated,and tested in this research.The proposed filtennas are achieved by combining the predesigned compact 5G(5.975–7.125 GHz)third-order uniform and non-uniform transmission line hairpin bandpass filters(UTL and NTL HPBFs)with the compact ultrawide band Vivaldi tapered slot antenna(UWB VTSA)in one module.The objective of this integration is to enhance the performance of 5.975–7.125GHz filtennas which will be suitable for modern mobile communication applications by exploiting the benefits of UWB VTSA.Based on NTL HPBF,more space is provided to add the direct current(DC)biassing circuits in cognitive radio networks(CRNs)for frequency reconfigurable applications.To overcome the mismatch between HPBFs and VTSA,detailed parametric studies are presented.Computer simulation technology(CST)software is used for the simulation in this study.Good measured S11 appeared to be<−13 and<−10.54 dB at 5.48–7.73 and 5.9–7.98GHz with peak realized gains of 6.37 and 6.27 dBi,for VTSA with UTL and NTL HPBFs,respectively which outperforms the predesigned filters.Validation is carried out by comparing the measured and simulated results.
文摘5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intelligent equipment,intelligent operation and in other fields.In order to promote the standardized application of 5G technology in intelligent HSRs in a scientific and orderly manner and to avoid redundant construction and wasteful investment,it is imperative to carry out a systematical top-level design of the application scenarios at the initial stage.To this end,after investigating and analyzing the 5G application demands in different aspects of HSRs and the general structure of the railway 5G network,this paper formulates an overall planning of 5G technology application scenarios and proposes solutions to some typical application scenarios in the intelligent HSR system,based on the architecture and requirements of the intelligent HSR system.
文摘Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars having their “over the air updates”. Both of these two companies use the 4G and 5G technology. So this report will include a technical overview of the technology and protocols (LTE Advanced) used in 4G and 5G networks and how they provide services to the user and how data is transferred within the networks. And there are lots of different parts about the network architecture between the 4G and 5G systems. This report will talk about some different parts between these two systems and some challenges in them.
基金This work was supported by the King Saud University(in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia)through the Researcher Supporting Project Number(RSP-2021/387).
文摘The device-to-device(D2D)technology performs explicit communication between the terminal and the base station(BS)terminal,so there is no need to transmit data through the BS system.The establishment of a short-distance D2D communication link can greatly reduce the burden on the BS server.At present,D2D is one of the key technologies in 5G technology and has been studied in depth.D2D communication reuses the resources of cellular users to improve system key parameters like utilization and throughput.However,repeated use of the spectrum and coexistence of cellular users can cause co-channel interference.Aiming at the interference problem under the constraint of fair resource allocation and improving the system throughput,this paper proposes an effective resource optimization scheme based on the firework method.The main idea is to expand the weighted sum rate and convert the allocated resource expression into fireworks to determine the correlation matrix.The simulation results show that,compared with the existing scheme,this scheme improves system performance by reducing interference.
文摘The explosive growth of data traffic due to ubiquitous smart devices has accelerated the evolution of mobile communication from 4G to 5G. To achieve an extremely high performance, 5G mobile communication system is facing challenges in the design of new network architectures, new radio access techniques, and new transmission waveforms. Motivated by this observation, FITEE organizes this special issue on 5G Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies, to advance the studies of this field.
文摘将机器人采集到的温度、湿度和位置等数据信息传送至云平台服务器,便于云端数据分析、机器人数据共享以及人机信息交互等。本文应用第4代移动通信技术(the 4th generation mobile communication technology,4G)无线传输技术,设计的机器人与云平台无线数据传输系统主要包括硬件和软件实现2个部分,硬件方面机器人通过32位微控制器(STMicroelectronics32,STM32)嵌入式系统与4G模块组合,将传感器采集到的数据信息,通过Internet网络传输到云平台服务器中,软件部分运用C语言编程通过网络透传模式(transmission control protocol/user datagram protocol, TCP/UDP)实现无线通信过程,最终实验验证了机器人与云平台服务器之间的双向无线数据传输功能。
基金supported in part by the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(No.ZD2021088)in part by the S&T Major Project of the Science and Technology Ministry of China(No.2017YFE0135700)。
文摘Spatio-temporal cellular network traffic prediction at wide-area level plays an important role in resource reconfiguration,traffic scheduling and intrusion detection,thus potentially supporting connected intelligence of the sixth generation of mobile communications technology(6G).However,the existing studies just focus on the spatio-temporal modeling of traffic data of single network service,such as short message,call,or Internet.It is not conducive to accurate prediction of traffic data,characterised by diverse network service,spatio-temporality and supersize volume.To address this issue,a novel multi-task deep learning framework is developed for citywide cellular network traffic prediction.Functionally,this framework mainly consists of a dual modular feature sharing layer and a multi-task learning layer(DMFS-MT).The former aims at mining long-term spatio-temporal dependencies and local spatio-temporal fluctuation trends in data,respectively,via a new combination of convolutional gated recurrent unit(ConvGRU)and 3-dimensional convolutional neural network(3D-CNN).For the latter,each task is performed for predicting service-specific traffic data based on a fully connected network.On the real-world Telecom Italia dataset,simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal through prediction performance measure,spatial pattern comparison and statistical distribution verification.