In 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China has successfully transitioned from a closed economy to an open economy with the watershed year of reform and opening up in 1978 and modernized it...In 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China has successfully transitioned from a closed economy to an open economy with the watershed year of reform and opening up in 1978 and modernized its social security system accordingly.This paper divides the transition of China’s social security system into seven stages before and after 1978.The traditional social security system was predicated on the dominant public ownership,a highly centralized economy,and“full employment.”It was congruous with the ownership structure,income distribution,and labor systems under the closed economy.The modern social security system is developed to meet the needs of an open economy and promotes economic development by giving play to consumption and investment,facilitating labor flow,and boosting productivity.The modern social security system requires further supply-side structural reforms to promote the high-quality development of the open economy.展开更多
国外劳动领域的质量探讨早在20世纪70年代就已初露端倪,从美国的"工作生活质量"(QWL)到国际劳工组织(ILO)的"体面劳动"(Decent Work)和欧盟的"工作质量"(Quality in Job),再到近期的"高质量就业&quo...国外劳动领域的质量探讨早在20世纪70年代就已初露端倪,从美国的"工作生活质量"(QWL)到国际劳工组织(ILO)的"体面劳动"(Decent Work)和欧盟的"工作质量"(Quality in Job),再到近期的"高质量就业"(High-quality Employment)和就业质量指数(EQI),就业质量的概念一步步地完善丰富,蕴涵了多方面内容。促进劳动领域的质量改进,对劳动者、工作组织和整个社会都有着重要意义。对于全球各大经济体来说,在就业质量改进方面都存在着一个重大的挑战,即如何将劳动力市场的安全性与灵活性以同样有利于劳工和工作组织的方式有机结合起来。展开更多
文摘In 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China has successfully transitioned from a closed economy to an open economy with the watershed year of reform and opening up in 1978 and modernized its social security system accordingly.This paper divides the transition of China’s social security system into seven stages before and after 1978.The traditional social security system was predicated on the dominant public ownership,a highly centralized economy,and“full employment.”It was congruous with the ownership structure,income distribution,and labor systems under the closed economy.The modern social security system is developed to meet the needs of an open economy and promotes economic development by giving play to consumption and investment,facilitating labor flow,and boosting productivity.The modern social security system requires further supply-side structural reforms to promote the high-quality development of the open economy.
文摘国外劳动领域的质量探讨早在20世纪70年代就已初露端倪,从美国的"工作生活质量"(QWL)到国际劳工组织(ILO)的"体面劳动"(Decent Work)和欧盟的"工作质量"(Quality in Job),再到近期的"高质量就业"(High-quality Employment)和就业质量指数(EQI),就业质量的概念一步步地完善丰富,蕴涵了多方面内容。促进劳动领域的质量改进,对劳动者、工作组织和整个社会都有着重要意义。对于全球各大经济体来说,在就业质量改进方面都存在着一个重大的挑战,即如何将劳动力市场的安全性与灵活性以同样有利于劳工和工作组织的方式有机结合起来。
