The membrane trafficking systems in brain play an important role in the regulation of neuronal processes,such as morphology,neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity.It has been suggested that the phosphatidylinositol...The membrane trafficking systems in brain play an important role in the regulation of neuronal processes,such as morphology,neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity.It has been suggested that the phosphatidylinositols（PIs）located on endolysosomal membranes play a key role in controlling this trafficking systems.展开更多
To set up self-rule organizations forsocial life of the mass at city’s local level isnot uncommon in other countries.But toset up a resident committee of completestructure and with overall functions thatserves as an ...To set up self-rule organizations forsocial life of the mass at city’s local level isnot uncommon in other countries.But toset up a resident committee of completestructure and with overall functions thatserves as an intermediate between the localpolitical organization and family units issomething peculiar to China.Then。展开更多
The writer O.Henry was famous for surprising endings,which is a common feature of his short stories.They have original plots and usually end in a way that you can never imagine.Because of his humorous language,his uni...The writer O.Henry was famous for surprising endings,which is a common feature of his short stories.They have original plots and usually end in a way that you can never imagine.Because of his humorous language,his unique narrative skills,and his unexpected and reasonable ending,O.Henry got a high reputation.His execllent technique of writng is more obvious for the irony of reality and the return of human nature.The O.Henry-style ending opened up the pluralistic development of later realistic literature.The highly critical ending of its turning point also promotes the practical significance of the reaction of world literature to society.展开更多
Introduction:This paper presents basic information on the research,classification,and application of the functions of tree species and their communities(mainly forest)in Slovakia.The main aim is a scientific assessmen...Introduction:This paper presents basic information on the research,classification,and application of the functions of tree species and their communities(mainly forest)in Slovakia.The main aim is a scientific assessment of acquired knowledge regarding the functional effects of forests under real ecological,forest management and socio-economic conditions from various regions in Slovakia;the most up-to-date findings concerning the ecology and economics of natural resources will be applied here.The second part of the paper presents methodological possibilities for valuation of outdoor recreation in forests.Different methods and methodological approaches suitable to a valuation of recreation based on various principles and criteria(preference and non-preference methods,cost-based methods,revenue-based methods,and direct and indirect methods)are analyzed.A practical application of one indirect preference method(travel cost method)is made to evaluate outdoor recreation in forests in Slovakia.Results and conclusions:A new classification system and a methodology of integrative utilization of forest functions for the forest ecosystem services are constructed.Outdoor recreation in forests,besides recreational forests and areas,assumes the character of a public good:its use by individuals has some influence on utilization by other individuals,and single users cannot be excluded from its utilization.Therefore,some stimulation for its production is missing.In principle,there are no markets for these kinds of public goods and services.The total value of outdoor recreation in forests in Slovakia amounted to€163.4 million;if opportunity time costs were included,this amounted to as much as€825.7 million.展开更多
文摘The membrane trafficking systems in brain play an important role in the regulation of neuronal processes,such as morphology,neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity.It has been suggested that the phosphatidylinositols（PIs）located on endolysosomal membranes play a key role in controlling this trafficking systems.
文摘To set up self-rule organizations forsocial life of the mass at city’s local level isnot uncommon in other countries.But toset up a resident committee of completestructure and with overall functions thatserves as an intermediate between the localpolitical organization and family units issomething peculiar to China.Then。
文摘The writer O.Henry was famous for surprising endings,which is a common feature of his short stories.They have original plots and usually end in a way that you can never imagine.Because of his humorous language,his unique narrative skills,and his unexpected and reasonable ending,O.Henry got a high reputation.His execllent technique of writng is more obvious for the irony of reality and the return of human nature.The O.Henry-style ending opened up the pluralistic development of later realistic literature.The highly critical ending of its turning point also promotes the practical significance of the reaction of world literature to society.
基金This publication is the result of the project implementation:Extension of the centre of Excellence‘Adaptive Forest Ecosystems’,ITMS:26220120049supported by the Research&Development Operational Programme funded by the ERDF.
文摘Introduction:This paper presents basic information on the research,classification,and application of the functions of tree species and their communities(mainly forest)in Slovakia.The main aim is a scientific assessment of acquired knowledge regarding the functional effects of forests under real ecological,forest management and socio-economic conditions from various regions in Slovakia;the most up-to-date findings concerning the ecology and economics of natural resources will be applied here.The second part of the paper presents methodological possibilities for valuation of outdoor recreation in forests.Different methods and methodological approaches suitable to a valuation of recreation based on various principles and criteria(preference and non-preference methods,cost-based methods,revenue-based methods,and direct and indirect methods)are analyzed.A practical application of one indirect preference method(travel cost method)is made to evaluate outdoor recreation in forests in Slovakia.Results and conclusions:A new classification system and a methodology of integrative utilization of forest functions for the forest ecosystem services are constructed.Outdoor recreation in forests,besides recreational forests and areas,assumes the character of a public good:its use by individuals has some influence on utilization by other individuals,and single users cannot be excluded from its utilization.Therefore,some stimulation for its production is missing.In principle,there are no markets for these kinds of public goods and services.The total value of outdoor recreation in forests in Slovakia amounted to€163.4 million;if opportunity time costs were included,this amounted to as much as€825.7 million.
