Current scenario of the genetic testing for rare neurological disorders exploiting next generation sequencing

Next generation sequencing is currently a cornerstone of genetic testing in routine diagnostics,allowing for the detection of sequence variants with so far unprecedented large scale,mainly in genetically heterogenous diseases,such as neurological disorders.It is a fast-moving field,where new wet enrichment protocols and bioinformatics tools are constantly being developed to overcome initial limitations.Despite the as yet undiscussed advantages,however,there are still some challenges in data analysis and the interpretation of variants.In this review,we address the current state of next generation sequencing diagnostic testing for inherited human disorders,particularly giving an overview of the available high-throughput sequencing approaches;including targeted,whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing;and discussing the main critical aspects of the bioinformatic process,from raw data analysis to molecular diagnosis.

The Functions of Discourse Markers in Chinese-English Consecutive Interpreting

The term “discourse markers”(DMs in short) was raised in the 1970s and 1980s. Fraser, a linguist, believes DMs have no truth-conditional meaning which means DMs do not change the prepositional meaning of the sentence. He classifies DMs into three categories: discourse topic markers, discourse activity markers, and message relationship markers. It can be concluded that in conference interpreting, DMs explicit internal structures in three aspects: parallel relation, contractive relation, and elaborative relation based on the analysis of DMs in rendition of Premier Li Keqiang’s press conference from 2014 to 2017.

Photographic Image: Thematization of Its Discourses

This paper deals with thematization as a fundamental step towards the determination of photography image discourses in order to index them. It deals with questions related to photographic reality, polysemy, denotation and connotation, whose comprehension is fundamentally important for the interpretation of photography discourses. It also approaches aspects that have influenced photography analysis towards its thematization, such as the characterization of an image bank, the functions performed by photos, as well as technical and visual quality.

C -E Interpreting of Political Neologisms in Contemporary Chinese Political Discourse

Uniqueness of our political systems and tremendous changes brought about by reform and opening up are reflected in language use,so contem porary Chinese political discourse has its own distinctiveness,and is especially featured by increasing political neologisms,posing difficulties for interpreters and for China’s international publicity.Quality of political neologisms interpreting has a direct bearing on whether or not success of interpreting the whole discourse can be achieved.The authors believe that interpreting of contemporary Chinese political discourse,also for the purpose of com m unication can gain guidance from Bachman’s CLA Model.So the paper elaborates through exem plification on strategies for interpreting political neologisms in light of Bachm an’s Model,with a view to realizing discourse power of Chinese.

The Global Contributions of Ancient Chinese Philosophy-Aesthetics

This article argues that ancient Chinese Philosophy-Aesthetics, as an important Other from the West, has made global contributions which are of major significance to the future theoretical building. Most Western scholars and some modem Chinese scholars so far have failed to pay attention to these critical achievements. This article intends to expound the global contributions of Chinese aesthetics in three ways. One is Laozi＇s interpretative mode of grandeur, another is Zhuangzi＇s notion of mutual generative aesthetics and the other Mencius＇s view of philosophical beauty.

A Solution Based on Modeling and Code Generation for Embedded Control System

With the development of computer technology, embedded control system plays an important role in modern industry. For the embedded system, traditional development methods are time-consuming and system is not easy to maintain. Domain-specific modeling provides a solution for the problems. In this paper, we proposed development architecture for embedded control systems based on MIC. GME is used to construct meta-model and application model, model in-terpreter interprets model and stores model information in xml format document. The final cross-platform codes are automatically generated by different templates and xml format document. This development method can reduce time and cost in the lifecycle of system development.

Raising International Discourse Rights in Translation and Interpreting Pedagogy

This research project aims at consolidating and revitalizing translation and interpreting pedagogy with dual emphasis on the cultural soft power and international discourse rights of China via emphasizing international competitiveness.In order to realize the significant needs of the current market requirements and the new era of China,this project proposes the“ICC”interpreting training model.It refers to the combination of intercultural communication competency with international competitiveness as the teaching and learning outcomes by means of integrating the following five components in the course content and the whole curriculum design:(1)interpreting competency-bilingual competence and interpreting skill-based training;e.g.,short-term memory and note-taking;(2)national value-strengthening translation and the crucial roles and responsibilities of interpreter trainers and trainees in disseminating national culture;(3)expertise of subject matters-equipping students with expertise for work field and meeting the market requirements;e.g.,specific professional knowledge and jargons demanded by the tasks;(4)professional ethics and image-extra-linguistic knowledge emphasizing a translator’s and an interpreter’s professional code of conduct and ethics in a way that can establish the“iconic”image of a professional interpreter;e.g.,confidentiality,posture,and appearance;(5)practical assessment-evaluation of students’performance in practical translation and interpreting opportunities and/or internship in organizations of various natures according to international standards.This research proposes a new training model to incorporate intercultural communication competency with international competitiveness.The significant role of interpreting pedagogy in contributing to a sound national name is investigated.The new“ICC”model that this research is proposing answers such a call for the significant role of raising cultural soft power and international discourse rights in China.

Building Blocks of Nature

By means of a representation of the elementary objects by the Lagrange density and by the commutators of the communication relations, correlations can be formed using the Fourier transform, which under the conditions of the Hamilton principle, describes correlation structures of the elementary objects with oscillator properties. The correlation structures obtained in this way are characterized by physical information, the essential component of which is the action. The correlation structures describe the physical properties and their interactions under the sole condition of the Hamilton’s principle. The structure, the properties and the interactions of elementary objects can be led back in this way to a fundamental four dimensional structure, which is therefore in their different modifications the building block of nature. With the presented method, an alternative interpretation of elementary physical effects to quantum mechanics is obtained. This report provides an overview of the fundamentals and statements of physical information theory and its consequences for understanding the nature of elementary objects.

从批评视角解读The Humpty Dumpty Feminists

语篇的生成实际上是作者动用各种写作策略的结果,作者要表达的真实用义隐含其中。批评话语分析的目的就是通过运用合适的语言工具并参考相关的历史和社会语境来进行话语分析,这样就能够把隐藏在话语深处的语言意识揭示出来。文章结合批评话语分析和系统功能语言学理论,从语境:话语实践和社会实践,概念意义和及物性,人际意义和情态等三个方面,对Marrin的书评The Humpty Dumpty Feminists进行解读并分析,以期让读者透过字里行间对作者的观点有一个全新的、更深刻的理解。

And的语用功能释解

话语标记语and是话语交际中构建语篇时常用的手段和工具。用Verschueren的语言顺应理论对话语标记语and作了释阐,认为:话语交际中,话语标记语and对话语生成和交际进程起调控作用;说话人对话语标记语and的选择和使用是对语言语境和交际语境进行动态顺应的结果。

话语标记语and修辞功能的顺应性阐释

话语标记语and是话语交际中构建语篇时常用的手段和工具。本文用Verschueren的语言顺应理论对话语标记语and的修辞功能作了阐释,认为:话语交际中,话语标记语and对话语生成和交际进程起调控作用,说话人对话语标记语and的选择和使用是对语言语境和交际语境进行动态顺应的结果。

Is colonial heritage negative or not so much?Debating heritage discourses and selective interpretation of Kulangsu,China

Heritage is in essence dissonant,especially colonial heritage in postcolonial nations.Via questionnaire surveys and inter‑views,this study investigates Kulangsu in Xiamen,China,a colonial heritage site mainly developed in the 19th and 20th centuries,to unveil the local government’s authorised heritage discourse(AHD)of the site and how tourists perceive the colonial past of Kulangsu and construct their own heritage discourse(s).Results show that,when considering the colonial history of the site,neither the AHD promoted by the authorities nor the tourists’lay discourses are necessarily negative.However,tension implicitly arises between the tourists’demand for comprehensive heritage information and the authorities’selective interpretation of the site.Although the AHD afects lay discourses to some extent,most tourists expect the authorities to present more complete and neutral information about heritage so they can refect and forge their own conception of colonial legacies.From a critical heritage studies perspective,this tension refects the power imbalance between the authorities and the tourists and reminds the authorities and heritage experts to rethink heritage tourism and conservation in terms of heritage interpretation.This paper,therefore,calls for additional refection on the legitimacy of selective interpretation,which implicates a complex process of intricate reasoning that is underpinned by the power imbalance between the authorities and the tourists,ultimately resulting in an AHD.

A Study on Translation Process Based on Relevance TheoryA Study on Translation Process Based on Relevance Theory

Relevance theory belongs to the field of pragmatics. Translation is a kind of communicative activity in nature. In the frame of relevance theory, translation is the process of cognition and inference. This paper focuses on the study of translation process on the basis of relevance theory in order to improve the practice of translation.

From“Reasoning”to“Intercession”:A Narrative Approach to Dispel the Conflict on Human Rights Concepts

The key difficulties in human rights theory and practice are as follows:on the one hand,the multiple human rights concepts of fait accompli are bound to conflict,but it is necessary to resort to some identity of human rights concepts in the real political life;on the other hand,the thought of human rights proof with moral judgment at the core cannot provide such identity,and people have no agreement on the premise and result of moral proof.The way out of the dilemma lies in returning to the starting point and the emotional function of human rights.The human rights narrative thinking with emotional appreciation at the core is helpful to enhance the understanding and tolerance among multiple human rights concepts and to dispel the universality versus relativity of human rights.Therefore,the transformation of thinking from proof to narration,which bases the concept of human rights on intercession rather than reasoning,provides resilient reconciliation for the conflict of human rights concepts.

文学阐释学:文化研究的挑战及其视域拓展

20世纪以来,众多新型理论观念纵横驰骋于文学阐释场域之中,持续制造了巨大的理论震荡。文化研究的崛起,不仅对文学阐释学构成了巨大的理论挑战,同时也为其发展赢得了开阔的阐释视野和强大的思想能量。文化研究的多元阐释观念和阐释方法同时也诱发出“过度阐释”“强制阐释”等问题。文化研究究竟是一种“强制阐释”,抑或是对阐释的有效拓展?显然,并不能将文化研究简单等同于“强制阐释”,辩证看待二者的关系意义重大。文化研究表明,强大的阐释能力对当代中国文学阐释学的理论更新和话语重构提供了有益的启示,展现出前所未有的活力。一方面,文化研究不仅推动了当代学界对文学阐释学的批判性反思;另一方面,文化研究促使我们将意义问题和文学阐释学置于更广阔的知识谱系中加以考察,进而推进当代中国文学阐释学的话语体系建设。

法庭口译话语特征研究——以运动员孙杨CAS兴奋剂仲裁案口译为例

孙杨兴奋剂仲裁案的听证会是具有重大国际影响的体育仲裁事件。过程中的口译质量问题一度成为口译和涉外法律研究的焦点话题。本文以法庭口译的质量要求为基准,以听证会的话轮和话语特征为研究对象,剖析法庭质证过程中的口译质量问题与存在原因。本研究旨在帮助译员熟悉范式、降低负荷、提供策略,促进法庭口译研究和人才培养,响应加速涉外法治人才培养的国家政策。

教育政策研究的理解诠释旨趣及其意蕴

教育政策研究的理解诠释旨趣强调探究教育政策所显示的意义、价值或信念。以理解诠释视角研究教育政策会发现:作为文本的教育政策具有耐久性和距离性,作为话语的教育政策具有建构性和实践性;教育政策具有效果历史意识和历史情境性,与权力具有互构性。教育政策研究者们应充分意识到:教育政策研究对象不只是客观事实,更是充满意义的世界;教育政策研究中不仅要注意时空和社会文化脉络对教育政策的影响,还要关注教育政策与社会问题、社会主体身份的关系;教育政策研究者应具备视域融合的视角,注意教育政策参与的民主性。显然,教育政策研究的理解诠释取向,能够为教育政策研究提供新的视角、问题意识和方法,有助于探明教育政策意义及其传递过程。

中国特色学术话语体系的三维建构

学术话语体系是中国特色话语体系的重要组成部分,加快建构中国特色学术话语体系既是学科发展之需,也是争取国际话语权之需。学术话语外在表现为具体的话语内容,实则是主体思想的一种表达,由此衍生出价值立场、言说内容及其话语阐释等3个关键维度。学术话语体系的建构关键在于重建自主概念体系、思想体系和言说场域,切实解决中国哲学社会科学的“失语”问题。应以话语共同体和历史分期为界,提炼标志性学术话语价值观念,增强自主言说意识,重塑学术话语价值体系;围绕关键议题提炼术语、概念,打造原创性学术话语内容体系;联通接受者语境优化阐释内容、策略和形式,建构通达于接受者的学术话语阐释体系。据此解答学术话语体系“说什么”“如何说”等现实问题。

叙事与说理:社会主义意识形态话语的诠释之法

叙事与说理是社会主义意识形态话语的表达和传播方式,是最终实现科学诠释的两个重要维度。一方面,叙事是人类的文化特征和感性的存在方式,体现着人类对世界的认知和理解,对文化的记忆和传承以及关于自身的身份和意义。叙事通过共情与共鸣增加了社会主义意识形态话语的亲和力、吸引力和感染力,建立了话语的情感基础,让话语内化于心、外化于行,促使人民更深入地理解和认同其中所表达的情感和价值观。另一方面,说理是人类理性思维能力的体现和文明进步的结果,反过来也对人类的前进和发展具有推动之效,它能帮助我们解决问题、探索真理、促进沟通、增进学习、保障决策,让人更客观地理解世界,超越个人偏见,使思维更加准确、科学。说理通过逻辑、事实等理论论证方式增加了社会主义意识形态话语的说服力、解释力和可信度,让人民对话语不仅“口服”,而且“心服”,建立了话语的理论基础。叙事不说理,会导致过度夸张、主观性强、理论性不足。说理不叙事,则会导致过于抽象、难以验证、情感空场。话语的诠释,不仅需要通过说理来解释和阐述其基本原理、理论基础和实践经验,还需要通过叙事来讲述社会主义的历史、发展和实践成果。叙事与说理结合才能实现“情理结合”,让话语具有凝聚力和引领力,从而提升社会主义意识形态话语权。

“丝路学”概念考释与“一带一路”学术话语权建设研究

文本立足“丝路学”概念考释样本分析,旨在还原中国丝路学发现、对接、立学的成长三部曲。在重释“一带一路”新实践中形成多维并进的立学新势头,成为全球丝路学转型的突出现象。黄文弼现象、季羡林现象、耿昇现象等案例折射出中国丝路学由自觉学科意识向自主知识生产艰难迈进的历程,廓清了中国敦煌学赢得全球话语权的历史逻辑,确立了建设“一带一路”学术话语权的新方向,在发掘问题、修正理论、丰富概念过程中,形成建设“一带一路”学术话语权的中国路径,在聚焦丝路学核心议题研究过程中,回应哲学之问、学术之问、时代之问。