运用含非期望产出的超效率SBM(slack based measure)模型和GML(global Malmquist-Luenberger)指数,对中国与世界主要国家1991—2016年的分别在考虑和不考虑环境约束下的技术效率和全要素生产率进行测度与比较。研究发现,不考虑环境约束...运用含非期望产出的超效率SBM(slack based measure)模型和GML(global Malmquist-Luenberger)指数,对中国与世界主要国家1991—2016年的分别在考虑和不考虑环境约束下的技术效率和全要素生产率进行测度与比较。研究发现,不考虑环境约束的测度结果忽略了一国发展所造成的污染损失,导致技术效率与生产率被高估;中国的技术效率在考虑环境因素后显著下降,总效率排名从样本中的第16位下降至第40位。时间趋势上,中国的环境效率与技术效率的差距呈现先扩大后缩小,且近年来有逐渐趋同的态势;动态视角上,不考虑环境约束时中国的全要素生产率变化总体呈现增长趋势,但在考虑环境因素后中国的环境全要素生产率转变为下降趋势,这其中,技术进步的下降是影响环境全要素生产率变化的主要因素。展开更多
Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI coun...Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI countries).Therefore,this study aims to identify the factors that influence the levels of sustainable development of BRI countries in a reasonable and objective manner.Eventually,this study employs the super efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM)model,which considers unexpected outputs to measure the level of sustainable development of BRI countries.The dynamic change and composition of the sustainable development level of these countries are calculated using the global Malmquist-Luenberger index.Furthermore,the Tobit model is used to identify the factors influencing the level of sustainable development of BRI countries in general and in various categories.The empirical results suggest the following points.(a)The overall level of sustainable development of BRI countries is low,whereas those of high-income and middle-and high-income countries are relatively high.(b)The overall sustainable development levels of BRI countries declined to a certain extent in 2008 owing to the effect of the financial crisis,.However,the sustainable development level of other countries,barring low-income countries,has gradually increased since 2011.(c)Since 2008,technological progress has replaced technical efficiency as the main driving force behind the improvement of the sustainable development level of BRI countries.(d)A U-shaped relationship is observed between the economic and sustainable development levels of these countries.(e)The level of science and technology and the proportion of renewable energy consumption can promote the sustainable development of these countries.Moreover,a negative correlation exists between the level of opening to the outside world and that of sustainable development of countries that mainly export resource-based products and are dominated by labor-intensive export industries.Barring low-income countries,the energy structure plays an effective role in improving the level of sustainable development.Finally,the study presents suggestions for China in the process of coping with the sustainable development of relevant countries during its promotion of the BRI.展开更多
中国对外直接投资(outward foreign direct investment,OFDI)在推动中国经济与世界经济的深度融合、形成国内国际双循环发展新格局中有着举足轻重的作用。本文基于中国2005-2017年30个省份的面板数据,运用非期望产出的两阶段Super-SBM网...中国对外直接投资(outward foreign direct investment,OFDI)在推动中国经济与世界经济的深度融合、形成国内国际双循环发展新格局中有着举足轻重的作用。本文基于中国2005-2017年30个省份的面板数据,运用非期望产出的两阶段Super-SBM网络DEA模型以及结合全局ML生产率指数测算了中国各省份的工业绿色全要素生产率、生产效率和治污效率,并从理论和实证上考察了中国OFDI对三大效率的影响。研究发现:OFDI对三大效率的影响均表现为稳健的U型非线性关系;从作用机制看,短期内,OFDI对三大效率的抑制作用主要由于规模效应所致,长期内,OFDI对三大效率的促进作用主要通过结构效应和技术效应实现;从异质性视角看,我国东部和西部地区OFDI与三大效率呈显著的U型关系,中部地区的OFDI作用不显著,“一带一路”沿线省份的OFDI产生的正向效应早于非沿线省份。展开更多
文摘运用含非期望产出的超效率SBM(slack based measure)模型和GML(global Malmquist-Luenberger)指数,对中国与世界主要国家1991—2016年的分别在考虑和不考虑环境约束下的技术效率和全要素生产率进行测度与比较。研究发现,不考虑环境约束的测度结果忽略了一国发展所造成的污染损失,导致技术效率与生产率被高估;中国的技术效率在考虑环境因素后显著下降,总效率排名从样本中的第16位下降至第40位。时间趋势上,中国的环境效率与技术效率的差距呈现先扩大后缩小,且近年来有逐渐趋同的态势;动态视角上,不考虑环境约束时中国的全要素生产率变化总体呈现增长趋势,但在考虑环境因素后中国的环境全要素生产率转变为下降趋势,这其中,技术进步的下降是影响环境全要素生产率变化的主要因素。
文摘Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI countries).Therefore,this study aims to identify the factors that influence the levels of sustainable development of BRI countries in a reasonable and objective manner.Eventually,this study employs the super efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM)model,which considers unexpected outputs to measure the level of sustainable development of BRI countries.The dynamic change and composition of the sustainable development level of these countries are calculated using the global Malmquist-Luenberger index.Furthermore,the Tobit model is used to identify the factors influencing the level of sustainable development of BRI countries in general and in various categories.The empirical results suggest the following points.(a)The overall level of sustainable development of BRI countries is low,whereas those of high-income and middle-and high-income countries are relatively high.(b)The overall sustainable development levels of BRI countries declined to a certain extent in 2008 owing to the effect of the financial crisis,.However,the sustainable development level of other countries,barring low-income countries,has gradually increased since 2011.(c)Since 2008,technological progress has replaced technical efficiency as the main driving force behind the improvement of the sustainable development level of BRI countries.(d)A U-shaped relationship is observed between the economic and sustainable development levels of these countries.(e)The level of science and technology and the proportion of renewable energy consumption can promote the sustainable development of these countries.Moreover,a negative correlation exists between the level of opening to the outside world and that of sustainable development of countries that mainly export resource-based products and are dominated by labor-intensive export industries.Barring low-income countries,the energy structure plays an effective role in improving the level of sustainable development.Finally,the study presents suggestions for China in the process of coping with the sustainable development of relevant countries during its promotion of the BRI.
文摘中国对外直接投资(outward foreign direct investment,OFDI)在推动中国经济与世界经济的深度融合、形成国内国际双循环发展新格局中有着举足轻重的作用。本文基于中国2005-2017年30个省份的面板数据,运用非期望产出的两阶段Super-SBM网络DEA模型以及结合全局ML生产率指数测算了中国各省份的工业绿色全要素生产率、生产效率和治污效率,并从理论和实证上考察了中国OFDI对三大效率的影响。研究发现:OFDI对三大效率的影响均表现为稳健的U型非线性关系;从作用机制看,短期内,OFDI对三大效率的抑制作用主要由于规模效应所致,长期内,OFDI对三大效率的促进作用主要通过结构效应和技术效应实现;从异质性视角看,我国东部和西部地区OFDI与三大效率呈显著的U型关系,中部地区的OFDI作用不显著,“一带一路”沿线省份的OFDI产生的正向效应早于非沿线省份。
