We present the results of two ground-based radio-echo-sounding(RES) and GPS surveys performed in the vicinity of new Chinese Taishan station,Princess Elizabeth Land,East Antarctica,obtained in two austral summers du...We present the results of two ground-based radio-echo-sounding(RES) and GPS surveys performed in the vicinity of new Chinese Taishan station,Princess Elizabeth Land,East Antarctica,obtained in two austral summers during CHINARE 21(2004/2005) and CHINARE 29(2012/2013).The radar surveys measured ice thickness and internal layers using 60- and 150-MHz radar systems,and GPS measurements showed smooth surface slopes around the station with altitudes of 2607-2636 m above sea level(a.s.l.).Radar profiles indicate an average ice thickness of 1900 m,with a maximum of 1949 m and a minimum of 1856 m,within a square area measuring approximately 2 km × 2 km in the vicinity of the station.The ice thickness beneath the station site is 1870 m.The subglacial landscape beneath the station is quiet sharp and ranges from 662 to 770 m a.s.l.,revealing part of a mountainous topography.The ice volume in the grid is estimated to be 7.6 km^3.Along a 60-MHz radar profile with a length of 17.6 km at the region covering the station site,some disturbed internal layers are identified and traced;the geometry of internal layers within the englacial stratigraphy may imply a complex depositional process in the area.展开更多
特高压(ultra high voltage,UHV)换流站阀厅的金属屋面系统在风荷载作用下易发生屋面表层风揭事故。为深入探讨该类建筑屋面的风压极值特性,基于风洞试验分别探讨了大气边界层(atmospheric-boundary-layer,ABL)风、壁面射流、均匀湍流...特高压(ultra high voltage,UHV)换流站阀厅的金属屋面系统在风荷载作用下易发生屋面表层风揭事故。为深入探讨该类建筑屋面的风压极值特性,基于风洞试验分别探讨了大气边界层(atmospheric-boundary-layer,ABL)风、壁面射流、均匀湍流三种风场作用下的屋面风压特性,比较了平均风剖面、风速、风向、湍流强度等因素对屋面风压的影响。结果表明:阀厅屋盖迎风前缘负风压最大,且控制风向角在45°左右;壁面射流风场下平均风压系数与脉动风压系数均超过大气边界层风场的结果;风速对阀厅屋盖的负风压系数均值和极值影响较小,而湍流度对风压系数的极值影响较大;大气边界风场时,JGJ/T 481—2019《屋盖结构风荷载标准》的最不利风压系数建议值偏于安全;而在壁面射流风场下,阀厅屋盖全风向最不利风压系数在所有区域都大于JGJ/T 481—2019的建议值,设计中应加以重视。展开更多
随着第五代移动通信(5th generation mobile communication,5G)基站建设数量的剧增,5G基站的备用电池将是一个具有巨大潜能的储能资源。我国电力市场化改革正不断推进,研究5G基站的备用储能参与电力市场交易是实现电网和通信运营商互利...随着第五代移动通信(5th generation mobile communication,5G)基站建设数量的剧增,5G基站的备用电池将是一个具有巨大潜能的储能资源。我国电力市场化改革正不断推进,研究5G基站的备用储能参与电力市场交易是实现电网和通信运营商互利共赢的有效途径。考虑到5G基站备用储能参与电力市场的特殊性,建立了计及退化成本和可调度容量的基站储能电池模型,并将零散的基站聚合成5G基站虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)。然后,将5G基站VPP作为独立的竞价主体,构建双层的电能量-调频辅助服务市场交易决策模型,并利用KKT(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)条件和对偶理论将双层模型转化为可解的混合整数规划问题。最后,通过算例评估了5G基站备用储能的可调度容量以及所提交易决策模型的有效性。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41376192,40906101)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(Grant No.2013CBA01804 and 2012CB957702)+2 种基金the Foreign Cooperation Support Program of Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration,SOA,China(Grand No.IC201214)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(Grand No.13ZR1445300)the Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation&Assessment Programmes(CHINARE2014-01-01)
文摘We present the results of two ground-based radio-echo-sounding(RES) and GPS surveys performed in the vicinity of new Chinese Taishan station,Princess Elizabeth Land,East Antarctica,obtained in two austral summers during CHINARE 21(2004/2005) and CHINARE 29(2012/2013).The radar surveys measured ice thickness and internal layers using 60- and 150-MHz radar systems,and GPS measurements showed smooth surface slopes around the station with altitudes of 2607-2636 m above sea level(a.s.l.).Radar profiles indicate an average ice thickness of 1900 m,with a maximum of 1949 m and a minimum of 1856 m,within a square area measuring approximately 2 km × 2 km in the vicinity of the station.The ice thickness beneath the station site is 1870 m.The subglacial landscape beneath the station is quiet sharp and ranges from 662 to 770 m a.s.l.,revealing part of a mountainous topography.The ice volume in the grid is estimated to be 7.6 km^3.Along a 60-MHz radar profile with a length of 17.6 km at the region covering the station site,some disturbed internal layers are identified and traced;the geometry of internal layers within the englacial stratigraphy may imply a complex depositional process in the area.
文摘特高压(ultra high voltage,UHV)换流站阀厅的金属屋面系统在风荷载作用下易发生屋面表层风揭事故。为深入探讨该类建筑屋面的风压极值特性,基于风洞试验分别探讨了大气边界层(atmospheric-boundary-layer,ABL)风、壁面射流、均匀湍流三种风场作用下的屋面风压特性,比较了平均风剖面、风速、风向、湍流强度等因素对屋面风压的影响。结果表明:阀厅屋盖迎风前缘负风压最大,且控制风向角在45°左右;壁面射流风场下平均风压系数与脉动风压系数均超过大气边界层风场的结果;风速对阀厅屋盖的负风压系数均值和极值影响较小,而湍流度对风压系数的极值影响较大;大气边界风场时,JGJ/T 481—2019《屋盖结构风荷载标准》的最不利风压系数建议值偏于安全;而在壁面射流风场下,阀厅屋盖全风向最不利风压系数在所有区域都大于JGJ/T 481—2019的建议值,设计中应加以重视。
文摘随着第五代移动通信(5th generation mobile communication,5G)基站建设数量的剧增,5G基站的备用电池将是一个具有巨大潜能的储能资源。我国电力市场化改革正不断推进,研究5G基站的备用储能参与电力市场交易是实现电网和通信运营商互利共赢的有效途径。考虑到5G基站备用储能参与电力市场的特殊性,建立了计及退化成本和可调度容量的基站储能电池模型,并将零散的基站聚合成5G基站虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)。然后,将5G基站VPP作为独立的竞价主体,构建双层的电能量-调频辅助服务市场交易决策模型,并利用KKT(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)条件和对偶理论将双层模型转化为可解的混合整数规划问题。最后,通过算例评估了5G基站备用储能的可调度容量以及所提交易决策模型的有效性。