Consensus intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making method for aircraft cockpit display and control system evaluation

A novel group decision-making （GDM） method based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets （IFSs） is developed to evaluate the ergonomics of aircraft cockpit display and control system （ACDCS）. The GDM process with four steps is discussed. Firstly, approaches are proposed to transform four types of common judgement representations into a unified expression by the form of the IFS, and the features of unifications are analyzed. Then, the aggregation operator called the IFSs weighted averaging （IFSWA） operator is taken to synthesize decision-makers’ （DMs’） preferences by the form of the IFS. In this operator, the DM’s reliability weights factors are determined based on the distance measure between their preferences. Finally, an improved score function is used to rank alternatives and to get the best one. An illustrative example proves the proposed method is effective to valuate the ergonomics of the ACDCS.

Research on Intelligent Control System of Thermal Print Head Based on Field Programmable Gate Array

Thermal print head heating real-time temperature fluctuations are too large,often causing damage to the print head heating point,resulting in poor print quality and unsatisfactory print results.Therefore,to improve the stability of the thermal print head during printing,and at the same time to solve the inefficiency of the traditional single-chip microcomputer control of the thermal print head heating method,a field programmable gate array-based thermal print head heating control method is proposed.To control the core,the intelligent fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Differential(PID)control algorithm is used to ensure that the temperature of the print head can be stabilized quickly.Through simulation and experimental verification,it is shown that the intelligent fuzzy PID control algorithm greatly improves the temperature stabilization effect,and the time required to reach stability short not only improve the printing accuracy but also extend the life of the print head.

A Dual-Cluster-Head Based Medium Access Control for Large-Scale UAV Ad-Hoc Networks

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)ad hoc network has achieved significant growth for its flexibility,extensibility,and high deployability in recent years.The application of clustering scheme for UAV ad hoc network is imperative to enhance the performance of throughput and energy efficiency.In conventional clustering scheme,a single cluster head(CH)is always assigned in each cluster.However,this method has some weaknesses such as overload and premature death of CH when the number of UAVs increased.In order to solve this problem,we propose a dual-cluster-head based medium access control(DCHMAC)scheme for large-scale UAV networks.In DCHMAC,two CHs are elected to manage resource allocation and data forwarding cooperatively.Specifically,two CHs work on different channels.One of CH is used for intra-cluster communication and the other one is for inter-cluster communication.A Markov chain model is developed to analyse the throughput of the network.Simulation result shows that compared with FM-MAC(flying ad hoc networks multi-channel MAC,FM-MAC),DCHMAC improves the throughput by approximately 20%~50%and prolongs the network lifetime by approximately 40%.

Performance Enhancements in the EAST Digital Plasma Control System

The EAST plasma control system （PCS） is in continuous development to satisfy the EAST experimental requirements. In order to realize low latency and distortion-free signal transmission between PCS and servo systems such as the poloidal field power supply, in-vessel coil power supply and real-time scope, reflective memory boards （RFM） were applied. The new hardware layout and enhanced performance are reported. Newly implemented PCS control algorithms for gas control and real-time data display are also presented.

Modeling and Control of Head of the Underwater Snake-like Robot Swimming

In order to solve oscillation of head of the underwater snake-like robot,the Central Pattern Generator( CPG)-based control scheme with head-controller was presented. The Kane dynamic model was constructed to be processed with a commercial package MotionGenesis Kane 5. 3,to which the proposed control scheme was applied. The relation between CPG parameters and orientation offset of head was investigated. The target orientation of head-controller was calculated through a convenient method. The advantage of this control scheme is that the head of the underwater snake-like robot remains in the forward direction during swimming. To prove the feasibility of the proposed methodology,two basic motion patterns,swimming along the straight line and swimming along the curved path,had been implemented in our simulation platform. The results showed that the simulation platform can imitate the swimming of the underwater snake-like robot and the head of the underwater snake-like robot remains in a fixed orientation directed towards the target. The oscillation of head's orientation is inhibited effectively.

Quantifying Design Parameters of Symbology Page for Automotive Head up Display

This paper gives an overview of studies on parameters displayed on the Automotive Head Up Display （A-HUD） including calculation and construction of symbology page based on study results. A study has been made on vital parameters required for car drivers and design calculations have been made based on design parameters like field of view, distance from the design eye position, minimum character size viewable from a distance of 1.5m between driver and the projected image, and optical magnification factor. lhe display format suitable for A-HUD applications depends upon the parameters required to be displayed. The aspect ratio chosen is 4：3. This paper also provides method to design the symbology page embedding six vital parameters with their relative positioning and size considering relative position between display device and optical elements which has been considered with a magnification factor of 2.5. The field of view obtained is 6.7° × 4.8°.

A bull-heading water control technique of thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent

Aimed at the disadvantages of secondary damage to oil layers caused by the conventional bull-heading water control technique, a thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent for water control was synthesized by water solution polymerization and applied in the field with a new secondary temporary plugging technique. The optimization and performance evaluation of thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent were carried out through laboratory experiments. The optimized formula is as follows:(6%-8%) acrylamide +(0.08%-0.12%) ammonium persulfate +(1.5%-2.0%) sepiolite +(0.5%-0.8%) polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent is suitable for formation temperatures of 70-90 ?C, it has high temporary plugging strength(5-40 k Pa), controllable degradation time(1-15 d), the apparent viscosity after degradation of less than 100 m Pa?S and the permeability recovery value of simulated cores of more than 95%. Based on the research results, secondary temporary plugging technique was used in a horizontal well in the Jidong Oilfield. After treatment, the well saw a drop of water cut to 27%, and now it has a water cut of 67%, its daily increased oil production was 4.8 t, and the cumulative oil increment was 750 t, demonstrating that the technique worked well in controlling water production and increasing oil production.

Control study of short-term curative effect of minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty using metal-on-metal large-diameter femoral head for the elderly patients with femoral neck fractures

Objective To discuss the postoperative curative effects of two surgical techniques of minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-on-metal largediameter and conventional diameter femoral head for the elderly patients

Control of Maize Head Smut with 6% Tebuconazole FS

In order to test the control effect of 6% tebuconazole FS on maize head smut and to select its optimal dose for mixing seed, field tests were performed in 2012 and 2013. The results showed that 6% tebuconazole FS was effective to control maize head smut, and the control effect ranged from 73.4% to 91.1%. In addition, it also improved the maize yield by 36.7%-44.1%, compared with the blank control. The optimal dose of 6% tebuconazole FS for seed dressing was 166.5 g/100 kg to control head smut on maize.

Occurrence of Rice Dry Straight Head Disease and Its Control

[Objective] Cause of disease and control measures of rice dry straight head disease in Chuzhou area was discussed. [Method] Field investigation and comprehensive analysis of the literature were conducted to study the reason of dry straight head disease in Chuzhou area, some common control measures were summarized. [Result] The characteristic of main symptoms included incidence of single plant, incidence of cluster, inclusive incidence between clusters. Sporadic normal rice grains existed in diseased spikes under the incidence of grains. The main pathogenic factors of dry straight head disease were concentration of arsenic or lack of elements, belonging to physiological disease, while the effect of other pathogenic factors could not be excluded. Heavy application of organic fertilizer and crop rotation should be conducted, white soil field should be paid more attention about the changes of disease condition with more wet and dry roasting over fields. Application time of micro fertilizer should be chosen properly, while tillering final stage and pollen formation stage must be adjusted to avoid high temperature, irrigation management should also be improved. [Conclusion] The study could provide reference for preventing rice dry straight head disease.

Heading control method and experiments for an unmanned wave glider

The control system designing of unmanned wave glider(UWG) is challenging since the control system is weak maneuvering, large time-lag and large disturbance, which is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model. The control system for the "Ocean Rambler" UWG is studied in this work. A heading control method based on S-surface controller is designed. For the "rudder zero drift" problem in trials, an improved S-surface control method based on rudder angle compensation is proposed, which can compensate the adverse effects from environmental forces and installation error. The tank test and sea trial results prove that the proposed control method has favorable control performance, and the feasibility and reliability of the designed control system are also verified.

Command Filtered Finite/Fixed-time Heading Tracking Control of Surface Vehicles

This paper investigates the heading tracking problem of surface vehicles with unknown model parameters.Based on finite/fixed-time control theories and in the context of command filtered control,two novel adaptive control laws are developed by which the vehicle can track the desired heading within settling time with all signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly bounded.The effectiveness and performance of the schemes are demonstrated by simulations and comparison studies.

Unmanned wave glider heading model identification and control by artificial fish swarm algorithm

We introduce the artificial fish swarm algorithm for heading motion model identification and control parameter optimization problems for the“Ocean Rambler”unmanned wave glider(UWG).First,under certain assumptions,the rigid-flexible multi-body system of the UWG was simplified as a rigid system composed of“thruster+float body”,based on which a planar motion model of the UWG was established.Second,we obtained the model parameters using an empirical method combined with parameter identification,which means that some parameters were estimated by the empirical method.In view of the specificity and importance of the heading control,heading model parameters were identified through the artificial fish swarm algorithm based on tank test data,so that we could take full advantage of the limited trial data to factually describe the dynamic characteristics of the system.Based on the established heading motion model,parameters of the heading S-surface controller were optimized using the artificial fish swarm algorithm.Heading motion comparison and maritime control experiments of the“Ocean Rambler”UWG were completed.Tank test results show high precision of heading motion prediction including heading angle and yawing angular velocity.The UWG shows good control performance in tank tests and sea trials.The efficiency of the proposed method is verified.

Development of a Driving Simulator with Analyzing Driver’s Characteristics Based on a Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display

Driving a vehicle is one of the most common daily yet hazardous tasks. One of the great interests in recent research is to characterize a driver’s behaviors through the use of a driving simulation. Virtual reality technology is now a promising alternative to the conventional driving simulations since it provides a more simple, secure and user-friendly environment for data collection. The driving simulator was used to assist novice drivers in learning how to drive in a very calm environment since the driving is not taking place on an actual road. This paper provides new insights regarding a driver’s behavior, techniques and adaptability within a driving simulation using virtual reality technology. The theoretical framework of this driving simulation has been designed using the Unity3D game engine (5.4.0f3 version) and programmed by the C# programming language. To make the driving simulation environment more realistic, the HTC Vive Virtual reality headset, powered by Steamvr, was used. 10 volunteers ranging from ages 19 - 37 participated in the virtual reality driving experiment. Matlab R2016b was used to analyze the data obtained from experiment. This research results are crucial for training drivers and obtaining insight on a driver’s behavior and characteristics. We have gathered diverse results for 10 drivers with different characteristics to be discussed in this study. Driving simulations are not easy to use for some users due to motion sickness, difficulties in adopting to a virtual environment. Furthermore, results of this study clearly show the performance of drivers is closely associated with individual’s behavior and adaptability to the driving simulator. Based on our findings, it can be said that with a VR-HMD (Virtual Reality-Head Mounted Display) Driving Simulator enables us to evaluate a driver’s “performance error”, “recognition errors” and “decision error”. All of which will allow researchers and further studies to potentially establish a method to increase driver safety or alleviate “driving errors”.

Introduction of Several Methods to Control Fusarium Head Blight (FHB)

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a worldwide destructive disease of wheat in the warm, semi-humid or humid regions, especially serious in China. The disease not only causes significant losses in yield and reduces grain quanlity, but also induces toxin to contaminated seeds, which is harmful to the healthy of human and livestocks, So it is important to control it. There are several methods to control Fusarium head blight (FHB). Such as using Crop rotation, Soil cultivation and Fertiliser, biological control, Fungicides control, transgenes, resistance to control Fusarium head blight (FHB). All of these methods gain some effect, but also exist their deficiency. Sometimes crop rotation had no significant effect on DON contamination of wheat grain, subsequent reductions in DON contamination were inconsistent when using Soil cultivation and Fertiliser, Unfortunately, under field conditions, the biological control achieved has been shown to be variable and in some tests has failed to give any control, The use of fungicides, however, have not been consistently effective in controlling FHB and in reducing DON formation, transgene-silencing at different generations is a problem to use transgenes, Information on location of QTL for FHB resistance should improve dramatically in the near future on resistance to control Fusarium head blight (FHB). Therefore, it is pressing to improve control methods, especially to DON.

On-line current feed and computer aided control tactics for automatic balancing head

In the designed automatic balancing head, a non contact induction transformer is used to deliver driving energy to solve the problem of current fed and controlling on line. Computer controlled automatic balancing experiments with phase magnitude control tactics were performed on a flexible rotor system. Results of the experiments prove that the energy feeding method and the control tactics are effective in the automatic balancing head for vibration controlling.

Damage Characteristics and Control Measures of Maize Head Smut

Maize head smut is a worldwide disease, widely occurred in most maize fields. The disease had occurred in large area in the late 1970s, and became a limiting factor restricting the improvement of maize yield and total yield in China. After efforts of several generations of agricultural scientific workers, the symp- toms, pathogen, infection pathway, infection conditions, infection regularity and resistance genetic law of maize head smut have been studied. This paper introduces the incidence symptoms, pathogen sources, infection pathway, infection conditions, and physiological races of maize head smut, and put forwards the corresponding prevention measures, such as crop rotation, selection of resistant varieties, seed dressing, soil treatment with fungicides, promoting seedling emergence and strengthening field management.

Experiment Research on Binocular Perceptual Characteristics around Peripheral Vision for Development of Head Mounted Display with Wide View

The head mounted display （HMD） is widely used in virtual reality technology. In common HMD, however, the binocular disparity is set to an equal fixed value in the entire range of view. Such HMD systems have several shortcomings when used for wide views. In this study, in order to realize a natural stereo sensation of HMD with wide view, we measure the characteristics of binocular stereo perception and binocular light perception. Results show that both the stereoacuity and light sensitivity decrease as the retina＇s eccentricity increases from fovea to periphery. However, the decrease of the stereoacuity is more rapid than that of the light sensitivity. These results suggest that the binocular disparity at the peripheral field should be small, otherwise double images would be observed instead of a stereo view. Based on the results we develop a relative binocular stereoacuity model which can be applied for the design of HMD systems with wide view.

Numerical Simulation of Turret Moored Ship Performance in Variable Ice Drift Based on Heading Control

The frequent change in ice drift direction poses a significant challenge for turret moored ship in ice. Variability in ice drift is mainly caused by the winds and currents. To solve this problem, a new method with numerical simulation based on heading control is applied to reduce the risk of operation of The Arctic Tandem Offloading Terminal(ATOT),which includes an offloading icebreaker(OIB) moored to a submerged turret and a shuttle tanker moored at the stern of the OIB in this paper. An icebreaking tanker, MT Uikku, was modeled in a simulation program. Then the level ice load on the tanker was calculated with different ice thicknesses and drift speeds, after which a heading controller assisted with mooring system is used to simulate the horizontal motion of the tanker under the ice action.

The Role of a Novel Discrete-Time MRAC Based Motion Cueing on Loss of Control at a Hexapod Driving Simulator

The objective of this paper is to present the advantages of Model reference adaptive control (MRAC) motion cueing algorithm against the classical motion cueing algorithm in terms of biomechanical reactions of the participants during the critical maneuvers like chicane in driving simulator real-time. This study proposes a method and an experimental validation to analyze the vestibular and neuromuscular dynamics responses of the drivers with respect to the type of the control used at the hexapod driving simulator. For each situation, the EMG (electromyography) data were registered from arm muscles of the drivers (flexor carpi radialis, brachioradialis). In addition, the roll velocity perception thresholds (RVT) and roll velocities (RV) were computed from the real-time vestibular level measurements from the drivers via a motion-tracking sensor. In order to process the data of the EMG and RVT, Pearson’s correlation and a two-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05 were assigned. Moreover, the relationships of arm muscle power and roll velocity with vehicle CG (center of gravity) lateral displacement were analyzed in order to assess the agility/alertness level of the drivers as well as the vehicle loss of control characteristics with a confidence interval of 95%. The results showed that the MRAC algorithm avoided the loss of adhesion, loss of control (LOA, LOC) more reasonably compared to the classical motion cueing algorithm. According to our findings, the LOA avoidance decreased the neuromuscular-visual cues level conflict with MRAC algorithm. It also revealed that the neuromuscular-vehicle dynamics conflict has influence on visuo-vestibular conflict;however, the visuo-vestibular cue conflict does not influence the neuromuscular-vehicle dynamics interactions.