The Relationship between Mental Health Literacy and Subjective Well-Being of Young and Middle-Aged Residents: Perceived the Mediating Role of Social Support and Its Urban-Rural Differences

This study investigates mental health literacy among young and middle-aged urban and rural residents and the differences in mental health literacy,perceived social support and subjective well-being.From January to February 2022,620 participants(320 rural and 300 urban residents)from three provinces of China were selected by con-venience sampling.A general data questionnaire,mental health literacy scale,perceived social support scale and subjective well-being scale were administered.The mental health literacy scores of urban residents were 3.34±0.57 and those of rural residents were 2.73±0.79.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the mental health literacy scores of rural residents were more significant than those of urban residents in terms of sex and age,while urban residents’mental health literacy scores were more significant than those of rural resi-dents in terms of monthly income.Mental health literacy,perceived social support and subjective well-being of young and middle-aged urban and rural residents were all positively correlated(P<0.01).While the level of mental health literacy is better among urban residents than rural residents,perceived social support plays a partial mediating role between mental health literacy and subjective well-being of both urban and rural residents,and should be the focus of researchers seeking to improve the level of well-being of residents.

Innovative Research on Funding and Educating People in Applied Colleges and Universities Under the Perspective of Labor Education

As an important part of the“Five Education,”labor education is a practical activity for cultivating labor values,labor skills,and labor spirit(also named craftsman spirit).This article points out the importance of integrating labor education into the process of“funding and educating people”in applied colleges and universities.It also explores the role of labor education as a starting point from the three aspects of labor values,labor skills,and labor spirit.It provides an innovative path for applied colleges to fund and educate people.

Assessing the Relationship between Caregivers Burden and Availability of Support for Family Caregivers’ of HIV/AIDS Patients in Calabar, South East Nigeria

Purpose: This study examined the level of burden and the extent of support on family caregivers of people living with AIDS (PLWHA) in Calabar, South East Nigeria. Methods: A mixed method with cross sectional approach was used. Purposive sampling technique guided the recruitment process and data collection methods included, semi-structured questionnaires and focusing group discussion. 260 respondents participated in the study. The quantitative data were mined with the aid of SPSS and the qualitative data were analysed with the aid of NVivo8 using thematic analysis. Results: Results indicated high level of burden with limited support to caregivers. A Chi-square value of 25.1 was obtained at P < 0.05, suggesting a significant relationship between availability of support and caregivers burden. This relationship was supported by the themes of physical, social, emotional and financial burden for the caregivers. Similarly, information on coping skills, emotional support, financial assistance and help with caregiving themes emerged for social support. Conclusion: In Nigeria, the burden of caring for HIV/AIDS patients has a remarkable impact on family caregivers. This calls for the development of policies that can systematically address the needs of family caregivers in order to ameliorate the negative consequences of caregiving for PLWHA.

The Mediating Effect of Quality of Life on Tourism Impact and Support Attitude in Alishan Tribes

The purpose of this study was aimed to analyze the effect of indigenous people’s perceived impact of tourism development on tribal quality of life and the support attitude toward tourism development. The research subjects were indigenous people who were at least 20 years old and came from one of eight Alishan tribes in Taiwan. This study conducted an investigation by random sampling, a total of 850 questionnaires were distributed and obtained 827 valid questionnaires. The valid return rate was 97.29%. Statistical analysis was performed on the valid questionnaires using descriptive statistics and partial least squares (PLS). According to the analytical result, Alishan indigenous people feel the negative environmental impact brought by tourism is the highest, but in terms of quality of life, they also maintain of nature and culture. When the positive economic, environmental, and sociocultural impact of tourism is higher, tribal quality of life and indigenous people’s support attitude toward tourism development will be more significant;however, when the negative economic, environmental, and sociocultural tourism impact is higher, tribal quality of life will be lower and indigenous people will tend to resist tourism development. Quality of life was found to be a moderator between tourism impact and support attitude toward development. This study proposed suggestions for indigenous tribes and the government to develop the tourism sector and introduced specific research directions for future tribal tourism researchers.

Analysis and Improvement of Standing-Up Action for Elderly People from a Chair Using a Cushion-Type Support Tool

This paper reports the problems that elderly people have when they stand up from a chair, and proposes an adequate standing-up procedure that solves these problems. The important points for an adequate standing-up procedure are ＂leaning the upper body forward＂ and ＂pulling the legs to the side＂. Furthermore, this paper proposes a standing-up support tool. The characteristics of the support tool are a cushion-type shape with an adjustable flange and an air-pressure-driven mechanism. When the proposed standing-up procedure and support tool are applied to elderly people, the measured values related to standing-up, such as maximum acceleration, arm force, standing-up time, heel position and forward-bending angle, are improved. Furthermore, elderly people felt that it made the standing-up action easy. We could confirm the effectiveness of the proposed standing-up procedure and support tool.

Analysis on Supported Employment of People with Disabilities in Southwest China's Minority Areas

Employment of people with disabilities in Southwest China’s ethnic minority areas is characterized by relatively high pressure, a poor environment and single form. Supported employment can solve the problems faced by people with disabilities in the ethnic minority areas of Southwest China. Therefore, it is of practical significance to promote such a new form of employment. But in promoting the development of supported employment, it is necessary to strengthen its local top-level design and to establish corresponding legal and policy systems so as to give full play to the positive role of the government and establish a strong support system.

Design and Evaluation of a Connected Insole to Support Healthy Aging of Frail Patients at Home

The main objective of this work is to develop a technological solution to support active aging of frail older individuals. In this perspective, we designed a connected insole in order to encourage frail elderly persons to become more active in their daily life. The project presented in this paper, funded by the French National Research Agency, aims to design and evaluate an original solution to follow and encourage walking activity. The evaluation is performed in two stages: adjusting tests in a living-lab with nine healthy elderly, then clinical evaluation of three frail patients followed over one month. We designed a noninvasive wireless insole, which automatically measures gait parameters and transmits information to a remote terminal via a secure Internet connection. The first laboratory tests of this technological solution showed good reliability measurements as well as good user acceptability. The average distance error obtained on volunteers is 3.2% and the accuracy of the average walking speed is 96.8% thanks to design of a calibration system based on a personalized stride length measurement. Finally, the introduction of an induction charging instead of a button cell makes the system perfectly autonomous. In this paper, we present the specifications of the solution, the design of the connected insole, the methods used to measure desired parameters, the results of the living-lab tests, and the work in progress.

Training of Laic Blind Subjects to Basic Life Support Manoeuvres

Heart attack is an extremely urgent medical condition which may occur at any time and can affect anybody and means the failure of the pump function of the heart and it represents the condition which brings to death. The aim of this study is the training, which is the acquisition of knowledge, abilities and skills as a result of education and practice in a certain discipline and this project has been created to make as accessible to all as possible the information about the identification and treatment of heart attack. However, the key objective has been involving only laic blind subjects in the trial and theoretical-practical course to support vital functions （BLS （basic life support））, to demonstrate that in a state of emergency, like a heart attack, even a subject affected by visual impairment, if properly trained, can be very helpful and can contribute to save a life. Fifteen partially sighted and sightless executors have participated in this study. In order to evaluate learning objectives of the course, participants have completed a pre-course test to examine these areas： cognitive and emotional, motivational, theoretical-practical; while, at the end of the course, participants have completed a comment card about the course. At the end of this study it can be seen that blind subjects do not present any type of limitation in the learning and in the execution of BLS manoeuvres after an appropriate training.

高学历育龄人群三孩生育意愿研究

文章基于2021年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,采用二元Logit回归模型、门槛效应模型和倾向值匹配(PSM)等方法实证分析高学历育龄人群的三孩生育意愿以及生育支持条件对其的影响。研究结果表明:高学历育龄人群的三孩生育意愿相对较低,平均只有14.1%的高学历育龄人群愿意生育三孩,而低学历育龄人群有18.4%愿意生育三孩。高学历育龄人群愿意生育三孩的比例与已育二孩的性别结构有关。已有两个儿子、两个女儿和一儿一女的高学历育龄人群愿意生育三孩的比例分别为12.3%、16.0%和13.9%。家庭收入水平对高学历育龄人群的三孩生育意愿有显著的正向影响,且存在显著的收入门槛效应。随着家庭收入水平的提高,家庭收入对高学历育龄人群三孩生育意愿的边际影响效应呈现出先增大后减小的倒“U”型关系,家庭收入水平对家庭收入为11万元-36万元的高学历育龄人群三孩生育意愿的影响效应最大,对家庭收入为11万元以下和36万元以上高学历育龄人群三孩生育意愿的影响效应较小。相对于没有托育服务的高学历育龄人群而言,政府而非市场提供低价优质的托育服务能够显著增强高学历育龄人群的三孩生育意愿。政策启示在于:一是提高中国育龄人群的三孩生育水平,不能把过高的期望寄托在高学历育龄人群,尤其是已育有两个孩子的高学历育龄人群;二是提高已育两个孩子高学历育龄人群的三孩生育水平,重点关注已育两个女儿且家庭收入为11万元-36万元的高学历育龄人群;三是降低高学历育龄人群三孩生育的直接成本和机会成本,加强生育支持政策评估,进一步完善高学历育龄人群的生育休假政策和生育三孩家庭的收入补贴政策,优化高学历人群的延迟退休政策,消除高学历育龄女性的就业歧视,仍然是激励高学历人群生育三孩的重要举措;四是政府主动承担婴幼儿的托育服务,为育龄人群提供低价优质的托育服务,能够达到事半功倍的三孩生育激励效应。

暴雨洪涝灾害转移安置人数的组合预测模型研究

为了更加科学精准地预测暴雨洪涝灾害下需要转移安置的人数,收集2011—2018年全国范围内严重暴雨洪涝灾害案例,通过Pearson相关性分析检验转移安置人数与表征暴雨洪涝灾害严重程度影响因素之间的关系;分别使用基于主成分分析的回归模型和支持向量机(SVM)预测暴雨洪涝灾害下需要转移安置人数,并以2种方法的结果为基础,提出1种组合预测方法对暴雨洪涝灾害转移人数进行修正。研究结果表明:组合预测法的MSE、MAE均小于回归预测和SVM模型预测。使用组合预测方法对洪涝灾害转移安置人数进行预测,可以充分结合单一预测模型的优势,提高组合预测模型的预测精度和泛化能力。研究结果可为确定暴雨洪涝灾害的避难需求并制定避难疏散计划提供参考。

立德树人视角下高职院校资助育人体系的构建研究

立德树人是高职院校立身之本,作为高职院校德育工作重要组成要素,资助育人工作的落实与执行是促使经济困难学生成长成才的主要力量。高职院校普遍性存在学费高、学生心理素质差、学生基础知识薄弱等问题,因而在构建资助育人体系的过程中,应强调以学生发展为根本,有的放矢地实现资助育人工作,在结合物质帮助与精神指导双重扶持的过程中,实现被资助学生群体的精准定位,以便于更好地落实立德树人根本教学任务。

社会支持对失能老人心理健康的影响研究

基于CLHLS 2011-2018年3期调查数据,使用多元Logistic回归方法,从生活支持、经济支持、情感支持、医学支持等4个层面分析社会支持对失能老人心理健康的影响机制。实证分析结果表明:在控制了失能老人的社会经济特征后,各层面的社会支持对失能老人的心理健康水平产生影响,对不同特征失能老人心理健康的影响存在一定差异;各层面的社会支持对失能老人心理健康影响的贡献度不同,政府以及社区所提供的正式支持更能显著改善失能老人的心理健康状况;照料满意度在社会支持对失能老人心理健康影响中具有中介效应,生活照料和医疗保障为其最基本的需求,当基本需求得到有效满足时,其心理健康水平将会得到相应提高。基于此,建议切实提高失能老人的生活支持服务水平,社会和家庭给予失能老人更多情感慰藉,改进对失能老人的医疗服务方式,提高失能老人的心理健康水平。

子代支持和社区环境对老年人心理健康的影响

研究基于生态系统理论,使用2018年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,运用分层线性模型分析子代支持、社区环境对老年人心理健康状况的影响。研究结果表明:(1)子代支持对老年人的心理健康状况有显著影响,其经济支持、生活照料和精神慰藉对老年人的心理健康具有显著促进作用。(2)社区环境直接影响老年人的心理健康,社区休闲娱乐环境和个人发展环境越好,老年人的心理健康状况越好。(3)社区环境在子代支持对老年人心理健康的影响中发挥调节作用。社区休闲娱乐环境对于子代经济支持处于低水平的老年人的心理健康具有更强的保护作用;休闲娱乐环境能够强化子代精神慰藉对老年人心理健康的积极作用。因此,要以老年人的需求为中心,系统性、针对性地改善社区环境、增强子代支持,探索创建子代和社区联动模式,构建代际和谐的家庭环境和老年友好的社区环境。

二十世纪五六十年代湖北青壮年支援新疆建设述略

二十世纪五六十年代,湖北支边青壮年响应国家号召,支援新疆社会主义建设。经过宣传动员、审核批准、分配安置和教育巩固等工作,先后有94421名支边青壮年和21757名家属进疆,他们不仅是新疆工农业战线上的生力军,而且带来了先进的生产经验和科学技术,增进了各民族的交往交流交融。这不仅为新时期做好对口援疆工作提供重要的借鉴,而且为现实维度的铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了可感知的示范价值和鲜活案例。

同伴支持对中年心力衰竭患者心理状态及生活质量的影响研究

目的探讨同伴支持干预对中年心力衰竭患者的影响。方法选取2019年5月至2022年5月某医院收治的200例中年心力衰竭患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为支持组和常规组,各100例。常规组实施常规护理干预,支持组在常规组的基础上联合同伴支持进行干预。比较两组患者心功能水平、躯体化症状、创伤后成长、生活质量及不良事件发生情况。结果同伴支持干预后支持组左心室射血分数高于常规组,6 min步行试验距离远于常规组,左心室舒张末期内径和N末端脑钠肽前体低于常规组(P<0.01);两组患者躯体化症状得分均降低,且支持组低于常规组(P<0.01);两组患者创伤后成长得分及生活质量各维度得分均提高,且支持组高于常规组(P<0.01);支持组不良事件发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论运用同伴支持干预可以改善中年心力衰竭患者各项心功能指标,促进创伤后成长,减少躯体化症状及不良事件的发生,进而提高患者生活质量。

中青年乳腺癌术后患者积极度及影响因素分析

目的了解中青年乳腺癌术后患者积极度现状并分析影响因素,为采取干预措施提高患者积极度提供参考。方法便利抽取208例乳腺癌术后患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、患者积极度量表、社会影响量表(测评病耻感)、社会支持评定量表及乳腺癌幸存者自我效能感量表进行调查。结果中青年乳腺癌术后患者积极度得分为(58.10±9.45)分。多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度、是否保留乳房、病耻感、社会支持及自我效能感是中青年乳腺癌术后患者积极度的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论中青年乳腺癌术后患者积极度处于中等水平,受多因素影响;可通过降低病耻感、增强社会支持及提高自我效能感,提高乳腺癌患者的自我管理积极度。

政府回应性、政治支持与政治参与的影响关系——基于济世兴邦政治价值观的调节分析

制度化政治参与是推进国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的应有之义和必然要求,而政府的回应性对公众制度化政治参与具有重要的影响作用。但是,既有文献对于政府回应性在何种条件下如何影响公民政治参与这一问题的分析和讨论仍相对缺乏。基于公共选择理论和自我决定理论,构建政府回应性与公众政治参与之间的理论模型,并运用31个省(自治区、直辖市)的11000份有效数据,通过结构方程模型和Bootstrap法对其进行检验,研究结果显示:政府回应性正向影响公民政治参与,政治支持在政府回应性与政治参与影响关系中发挥中介效应,济世兴邦政治价值观反向调节政府回应性与政治支持的影响关系;政治支持在政府回应性对公民政治参与影响关系中的中介作用受到个体济世兴邦政治价值观的反向调节影响。从“政府行为—公民体验”视角研究政府回应性对政治参与的作用机制,拓展和增强了公共选择理论、自我决定理论的应用情境和检验效力,为促进政府有效回应、增进公民政治支持、推动政民互动等提供实证研究依据和实践方向指导。

中青年脑卒中病人的社会参与及其影响因素研究

目的:探讨中青年脑卒中病人的社会参与水平及潜在影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2020年12月—2021年11月中山市某三级甲等医院脑科中心门诊复诊的194例年龄18~59岁的脑卒中病人,采用一般资料调查表、乌特勒支康复-参与评估量表、慢性病病耻感量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表进行资料收集。结果:中青年脑卒中病人社会参与频率得分为(26.11±12.52)分,参与限制得分为(56.24±25.08)分,参与满意度得分为(59.61±14.77)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、病程、卒中类型、自理能力、内在病耻感、抑郁、主观支持(均P<0.05)是中青年脑卒中病人社会参与的主要影响因素。结论:中青年脑卒中病人的社会参与水平有待改善,需重点关注年龄小、病程较短、出血性卒中、自理能力较低、获得社会支持较少病人的社会参与受限情况,同时关注抑郁、病耻感等负性情绪对社会参与的影响,以促进病人的社会参与。

一例老年中毒性表皮坏死松解症合并消化道穿孔患者的护理

总结2022年9月我院收治的1例老年中毒性表皮坏死松解症(TEN)合并消化道穿孔患者的护理经验。护理要点:早期识别消化道穿孔,及早进行急诊手术;在全面皮损评估的基础上,分别从预防表皮分离、创面处理及黏膜护理3个方面制定有效的创面护理方案;适时采取多种疼痛干预措施;多学科协作为患者制定个性化的营养支持方案;做好体液管理和用药护理。经过12d的精心治疗和护理,患者病情好转出院。出院1周后随访,患者皮损完全愈合,术后恢复良好。