The Porous Ramie Fabric＇s Heat-Moisture Comfort

This paper in the light of the structure parameters of the ramie fabric to research and evaluation it＇s heart-moisture comfort. Selected 15 kinds of ramie fabric to test the average density, the thickness, the tightness, the heat rate, the heat transfer coefficient, the Clo, the air permeability, the water vapor permeability and other performance index, used SPSS factor analysis to explore the main influence factors of porous ramie fabric＇s heat moisture comfort. Results shows that： the main influence factors of ramie fabric＇s heat-moisture is the heat preservation material, the air permeability and the moisture permeability, get the equation of porous ramie fabric＇ s heat-moisture comfort： F=0.45855y1＋0.30588y2＋0.13549y3, evaluated and sorted the sample fabric＇ s heat-moisture comfort.

Study on Dynamic Heat-moisture Transfer Properties of Summer Fabrics Using Microclimatic Method

The temperature and humidity of the microclimatic zone of summer fabrics in the course of sweating — evaporating — drying were measured with an apparatus specially made for the purpose. It is pointed out that temperature and humidity changes in quantitative perspiration evaporation process in the microclimatic zone can express the dynamic heat-moisture comfortability. Characteristic values include temperature decline speed, temperature rising speed, humidity rising speed, humidity balance value, and humidity decline speed. Fabrics with good air permeability are beneficial to improving comfortability of summer fabrics, while temperature rising speed and humidity decline speed in the microclimatic zone of thick and heavy fabrics with good hygroscopicity are relatively slow. Through comparing fabrics dynamic heat-moisture curves obtained respectively with Microclimatic Method and Heat Loss Method, the two methods are identical essentially.

Unsteady heat-moisture transfer of wet airway in deep mining

To study the mechanism of unsteady heat-moisture transfer of wet surrounding rock in deep mining, a series of experiments with different initial and boundary conditions were carried out. Test results show that rock temperature decreases quickly at the initial stage, and reduces slowly to be a constant value finally for transient heat-moisture transfer. The quasi-steady surface temperature of wet airway is lower than that of dry airway due to the moisture transfer. The diffusion radius is less than the cooling radius owing to the large diffusion resistance. The outlet airflow enthalpy of wet airway is much larger than that of dry airway. Latent heat caused by the moisture transfer plays a significant role in a deep thermal environment. For periodic heat-moisture transfer, temperature, humidity and enthalpy of outlet airflow and rock temperature also change periodically. The wave amplitude of rock temperature decreases gradually with increasing distance away from the airway surface, and the wave phase of rock temperature is also behind that of airflow. Moreover, direction of the heat-moisture transfer between airway and airflow is bidirectional, which is different from results of transient transfer.

Study on Properties of Dynamic Heat-Moisture Transfer of Summer Fabrics

The skin heat loss(heat flow)of summer fabrics duringthe course of sweating--evaporating--drying is mea-sured by an apparatus specially made for the purpose.Itis pointed out that:the dynamic heat-moisture comfortcan be described by evaporating rate or time required fordrying out of a certain amount of sweat.The evaporat-ing rate is influenced by the hygroscopic property andthickness of the fabric,the larger the hygroscopicity ofthe fabric with the same thickness,the smaller the evap-orating rate of the perspirated sweat.

A utility and easily fabricated dual-mode fiber film for efficient and comfortable thermal management

Nowadays, the global climate is constantly being destroyed and the fluctuations in ambient temperature are becoming more frequent. However, conventional single-mode thermal management strategies(heating or cooling) failed to resolve such dynamic temperature changes. Moreover, developing thermal management devices capable of accommodating these temperature variations while remaining simple to fabricate and durable has remained a formidable obstacle. To address these bottlenecks, we design and successfully fabricate a novel dual-mode hierarchical(DMH) composite film featuring a micronanofiber network structure, achieved through a straightforward two-step continuous electrospinning process. In cooling mode, it presents a high solar reflectivity of up to 97.7% and an excellent atmospheric transparent window(ATW) infrared emissivity of up to 98.9%. Noted that this DMH film could realize a cooling of 8.1 ℃ compared to the ambient temperature outdoors. In heating mode, it also exhibits a high solar absorptivity of 94.7% and heats up to 11.9 ℃ higher than black cotton fabric when utilized by individuals. In practical application scenarios, a seamless transition between efficient cooling and heating is achieved by simply flipping the film. More importantly, the DMH film combining the benefits of composites demonstrates portability, durability, and easy-cleaning, promising to achieve large-scale production and use of thermally managed textiles in the future. The energy savings offered by film applications provide a viable solution for the early realization of carbon neutrality.

Impact of Varying Blower Opening Degrees on Indoor Environment and Thermal Comfort

At present,air handling units are usually used indoors to improve the indoor environment quality.However,while introducing fresh air to improve air quality,air velocity has a certain impact on the occupants’thermal comfort.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the optimization of air-fluid-body interaction dynamics.In this study,the indoor air flow was changed by changing the opening and closing degree of the blower,and the thermal manikin is introduced to objectively evaluate the human thermal comfort under different air velocities.The main experimental results show that the air change rate increases with the increase of the opening and closing degree of the blower considering an ACH(air changes per hour)range between 3.8 and 10.For a better prediction,a linear correlation with a coefficient of 0.995 is proposed.As the blower’s opening is adjusted to 20%,25%,30%,35%,and 40%,the air velocity sensor positioned directly beneath the air inlet records average velocities of 0.19,0.20,0.21,0.28,and 0.34 m/s over four hours,respectively.Observations on thermal comfort and the average sensation experienced by individuals indicate an initial increase followed by a decline when the blower’s operation begins,with optimal conditions achieved at a 35%opening.These findings offer valuable insights for future indoor air ventilation and heat transfer design strategies.

Numerical Prediction of Ride Comfort of Tracked Vehicle Equipped with Novel Flexible Road Wheels

Enhancing ride comfort has always constituted a crucial focus in the design and research of modern tracked vehicles,heavily reliant on the driving system's performance.While the road wheel is a key component of the driving system,traditional road wheels predominantly adopt a solid structure,exhibiting subpar adhesion performance and damping effects,thereby falling short of meeting the demands for high-speed,stable,and long-distance driving in tracked vehicles.Addressing this issue,this paper proposes a novel type of flexible road wheel(FRW)characterized by a catenary construction.The study investigates the ride comfort of tracked vehicles equipped with flexible road wheels by integrating finite element and vehicle dynamic.First,three-dimensional(3D)finite element(FE)models of both flexible and rigid road wheels are established,considering material and contact nonlinearities.These models are validated through a wheel radial loading test.Based on the validated FE model,the paper uncovers the relationship between load and radial deformation of the road wheel,forming the basis for a nonlinear mathematical model.Subsequently,a half-car model of a tracked vehicle with seven degrees of freedom is established using Newton's second law.A random road model,considering the track effect and employing white noise,is constructed.The study concludes by examining the ride comfort of tracked vehicles equipped with flexible and rigid road wheels under various speeds and road grades.The results demonstrate that,in comparison to the rigid road wheel(RRW),the flexible road wheel enhances the ride comfort of tracked vehicles on randomly uneven roads.This research provides a theoretical foundation for the implementation of flexible road wheels in tracked vehicles.

Reinforcement Learning Model for Energy System Management to Ensure Energy Efficiency and Comfort in Buildings

This article focuses on the challenges ofmodeling energy supply systems for buildings,encompassing both methods and tools for simulating thermal regimes and engineering systems within buildings.Enhancing the comfort of living or working in buildings often necessitates increased consumption of energy and material,such as for thermal upgrades,which consequently incurs additional economic costs.It is crucial to acknowledge that such improvements do not always lead to a decrease in total pollutant emissions,considering emissions across all stages of production and usage of energy and materials aimed at boosting energy efficiency and comfort in buildings.In addition,it explores the methods and mechanisms for modeling the operating modes of electric boilers used to collectively improve energy efficiency and indoor climatic conditions.Using the developed mathematical models,the study examines the dynamic states of building energy supply systems and provides recommendations for improving their efficiency.These dynamic models are executed in software environments such as MATLAB/Simscape and Python,where the component detailing schemes for various types of controllers are demonstrated.Additionally,controllers based on reinforcement learning(RL)displayed more adaptive load level management.These RL-based controllers can lower instantaneous power usage by up to 35%,reduce absolute deviations from a comfortable temperature nearly by half,and cut down energy consumption by approximately 1%while maintaining comfort.When the energy source produces a constant energy amount,the RL-based heat controllermore effectively maintains the temperature within the set range,preventing overheating.In conclusion,the introduced energydynamic building model and its software implementation offer a versatile tool for researchers,enabling the simulation of various energy supply systems to achieve optimal energy efficiency and indoor climate control in buildings.

Changing Characteristics of Comfort Index of Human Body in Bengbu City in the Past 40 Years under the Background of Climate Change

Based on the daily meteorological data of Bengbu City during 1981-2020,the changing characteristics of three elements needed for the calculation of the comfort index of human body(CIHB)were discussed,and daily CIHB was classified and discussed.The results show that from 1981 to 2020,annual average temperature tended to increase significantly.Annual average wind speed and relative humidity showed a decreasing trend before 2011 but an increasing trend after 2011.The duration of the four seasons in Bengbu City mainly rose in spring,reduced in winter,declined first and then increased in summer,and rose first and then decreased in autumn.As CIHB was at grades 1 and 9(the most uncomfortable),the three factors had different effects on them.For cold weather,the influence of relative humidity and wind speed on CIHB can not be ignored besides temperature.In hot weather,the influence of temperature was dominant,and the change of annual average temperature could well correspond to the change in the number of very hot days.In the context of climate warming,the number of cold days tended to decline generally,but it was larger in the years with fewer very cold days.Under the background of climate warming,there was no obvious change in the number of days of the overall comfort of human body.The number of hot days was closely related to the duration of summer,and the number of days of grade 8 rose significantly in the years with an increase in the duration of summer.

Determination of Comfort Conditions Using the PMV, Set and PDD Thermal Comfort Indexes in Ivory Coast

This work falls within the context of reducing energy consumption in Côte d’Ivoire. As the building sector is one of the energy consumers worldwide, it could be a major source of energy savings. A major source of energy savings. With this in mind thermal comfort in buildings in Côte d’Ivoire (Abidjan) in order to determine (Abidjan) to determine thermal comfort conditions. To carry out study, measurement campaigns were carried out in various buildings. These measured parameters were used to calculate comfort indices such as PMV, PDD, SET and operating temperature. A correlation was then made between the PMV index and the operating temperature, then between the SET and the operating temperature to determine the thermoneutrality temperature and the different thermal comfort thermal comfort ranges. The PMV gave a thermoneutrality temperature of 24.87˚C in the rainy season and a thermoneutrality temperature of 25.15˚C during the dry season. In addition, the SET gave comfort ranges, with values ranging from 23.23˚C to 25.70˚C in the rainy season and 23.35˚C to 26.08˚C in the dry season. In addition, the acceptability predicted by the PDD showed that in the rainy season, the premises were more acceptable than in the dry season.

Research Characteristics of Thermal Comfort of Urban Block Landscape Based on Knowledge Graph Analysis

The landscape environment of urban blocks plays a significant role in improving the comfort of urban thermal environment and promoting green and high-quality development.The 342 papers related to the research on the impact of urban block landscape environment on thermal comfort in China,collected by CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)from 2002 to 2022,are used as the research object.Through bibliometric statistical analysis,LLR algorithm,and cluster analysis,the current research status of the impact of urban block landscape environment on thermal comfort in China is analyzed and processed,and its external characteristics are identified.Using the information visualization software CiteSpace,the research topics in the field of the impact of urban block landscape environment on thermal comfort are presented in the form of knowledge graphs.Through co-occurrence analysis of keywords and trend of word frequency changes,the development trends of research hotspots and cutting-edge fields of the impact of urban block landscape environment on thermal comfort are determined,hoping to provide reference for future research in this field.

Optimisation of Thermal Comfort of Building in a Hot and Dry Tropical Climate: A Comparative Approach between Compressed Earth/Concrete Block Envelopes

Compressed earth blocks (CEB) are an alternative to cement blocks in the construction of wall masonry. However, the optimal architectural construction methods for adequate thermal comfort for occupants in hot and arid environments are not mastered. This article evaluates the influence of architectural and constructive modes of buildings made of CEB walls and concrete block walls, to optimize and compare their thermal comfort in the hot and dry tropical climate of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Two identical pilot buildings whose envelopes are made of CEB and concrete blocks were monitored for this study. The thermal models of the pilot buildings were implemented in the SketchUp software using an extension of EnergyPlus. The models were empirically validated after calibration against measured thermal data from the buildings. The models were used to do a parametric analysis for optimization of the thermal performances by simulating plaster coatings on the exterior of walls, airtight openings and natural ventilation depending on external weather conditions. The results show that the CEB building displays 7016 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 80.1% of the time, and the concrete building displays 6948 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 79.3% of the time. The optimization by modifications reduced the discomfort to 2918 and 3125 hours respectively;i.e. equivalent to only 33.3% for the CEB building and 35.7% for the concrete building. More study should evaluate thermal optimizations in buildings in real time of usage such as residential buildings commonly used by the local middle class. The use of CEB as a construction material and passive means of improving thermal comfort is a suitable ecological and economical option to replace cementitious material.

Wearable Inflatable Massage Chair:The Future of Comfort

With the continuous advancement of science and technology,our lifestyles are undergoing significant changes,with wearable technology emerging as a captivating trend.In this digital era,there is a growing demand for solutions that cater to people’s needs for health and comfort.The wearable inflatable massage chair represents one such innovation designed to meet these evolving needs.This project is focused on creating a“wearable and portable massage chair”that is both convenient and lightweight.It serves as a massage solution particularly beneficial for the elderly and sedentary individuals.This innovative chair can be used by the elderly during outings or errands,as well as by office workers on business trips,while driving,or commuting via subway.Users can simply lean against the seat or a wall,enjoying moments of relaxation amid the busy and fast-paced modern era.

Analysis of the Effect of Comfort Care in The Perioperative Care of Patients with Hysteromyomectomy and its Influence on Self-Care Ability

Objective:To analyze the effect of perioperative comfort care for patients with hysteromyomectomy(HYS).Methods:Seventy cases of HYS patients admitted to our hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were randomly selected and divided into Group A(control group,35 cases,conventional care)and Group B(observation group 35 cases,comfort care).The effects of the two groups before and after nursing care were compared.Results:The self-rating anxiety(SAS)scores,exercise of self-care agency(ESCA)scores,and nursing satisfaction scores at the time of discharge of Group B were better than in Group A after nursing care(P<0.05).Conclusion:Perioperative comfort care for HYS patients improved the patient’s adverse emotions,self-care ability,and nursing satisfaction.

Evaluation of Thermal Comfort in Urban Parks in Guangzhou City

Thermal comfort evaluations for Yuexiu Park,Lushan Park,and Baiyun Lake Park in Guangzhou were conducted using field meteorological data collection,visitor questionnaires,and literature reviews.It analyzed the impact of green coverage,water body layout,and facility configuration on thermal comfort.The results showed that good green and water body design effectively lowered the temperature in the park and improved the thermal comfort of visitors,but the insufficient facility configuration in some open areas affected the experience.The visitor’s experience is closely related to the natural environment and facility layout of the park.Therefore,in the future,park design should pay more attention to the rational configuration of shading,ventilation,and cooling facilities to improve thermal comfort,and encourage citizens to participate in the construction and management of parks to improve ecological quality and user experience.This study provides a reference for the improvement of thermal comfort in urban parks in Guangzhou and aims to promote the sustainable and human-oriented development of urban park design.

Evaluation model of individual thermal comfort based on mean skin temperature

The local skin temperatures of 22 subjects at air temperatures of 21,24,26,29 ℃ are measured,and the mean skin temperatures are calculated by ten skin temperature measuring points.The thermal comfort levels and the thermal sensations of these subjects are also investigated by a questionnaire.The Mahalanobis distance discrimination method is applied to establish the evaluation model for the thermal comfort based on the mean skin temperature.The experimental results indicate that the difference of the mean skin temperatures between the comfort level and the discomfort level is significant.Using the evaluation model,the mean skin temperature at the thermal comfort level is 32.6 to 33.7 ℃,and the thermal comfort levels of 72% of the subjects are correctly evaluated.The accuracy of the evaluation model can be improved when the effects of sex of the subject on the mean skin temperature and the thermal comfort are considered.It can be concluded that the mean skin temperature can be used as an effective physiological indicator to evaluate human thermal comfort in a steady thermal environment.

Field survey of indoor thermal comfort in rural housing of northern China in heating season

This paper introduces a field measurement of an indoor thermal environment in rural housing in suburban Beijing from December 2008 to March 2009.The indoor environment parameters such as air temperature,mean radiant temperature（MRT）,airflow velocity and relative humidity are measured.A questionnaire survey of the occupants＇ thermal sensations in these surveyed houses is conducted and their daily activities and clothing conditions are recorded.The results show that the thermal neutral temperature of rural housing is 18.4 ℃,and the lower limit of acceptable temperature range can be extended to 10.9 ℃.The comfortable indoor temperature is affected by the occupants＇ clothing and lifestyle.Therefore,the indoor temperature standards of space heating for suburban housing cannot be simply duplicated from that for urban housing.Compared with occupants in suburban Beijing,it is found that the occupants in rural Hunan province feel colder at the same operative temperature due to the high relative humidity in Hunan province.

Comfort义齿粘附剂的体外细胞毒性评价

目的 评价作者自行研制的新型Comfort义齿粘附剂 (Comfort_DA)的体外细胞毒性。方法 Comfort_DA置于细胞培养液 72h制备出材料的浸提液 ,用同一培养液再稀释为 5 0 %、75 %浓度后分别加入含人口腔成纤维细胞悬浮液的培养板中 ,其中空白对照组仅加入新鲜培养液。 3块培养板分别继续在 5 %CO2 、37℃培养箱内开放培养2d、3d和 4d后 ,四唑盐比色法观察细胞的活性以研究细胞增殖率 ,用分光光度计以 4 90nm波长测光密度值 (OD) ,组间方差分析并评定该材料的毒性级。结果 空白对照组、Comfort_DA的 5 0 %和 75 %浓度组间OD值的差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;各组浓度Comfort_DA的毒性程度为“0～ 2”级。结论 作者所研制的新型Comfort_DA仅有较轻微的细胞毒性。

Field measurements on thermal comfort of a building with double-skin faade in winter

Field measurements on thermal comfort were carried out in a building with double-skin faade from January 14th to 16th,2009.Data are obtained by measurements of physical parameters and a questionnaire survey is conducted at the same time in 27 offices of the building.The subjective survey involves questions on demographic information of the occupants,health status,environmental comfort conditions and acceptance.A total of 150 occupants are investigated and 131 questionnaires are completed.The statistical data presents the distributions of predicted mean vote,mean thermal sensation vote,mean thermal comfort vote,thermal acceptability,etc.The results show that low relative humidity is the main reason causing thermal discomfort.The greatest discomfort is dry mouth and eye dryness which are caused by low relative humidity.The females are verified to be more sensitive than the males.Meanwhile,a double-skin faade represents a good noise insulation effect while the glare problem is still unresolved.