Implementation Strategy of“Eight in One”of Integrated Medical and Care Service System in China:A Case Study of Anshan City of Liaoning

With the gradual intensification of aging in China,the issue of elderly care has become the primary issue that needs to be urgently solved in society.The construction of a reasonable and scientific integrated medical and care service system can not only efficiently allocate medical resources and services,but also better meet the needs of the elderly.Due to the involvement of multiple disciplines such as architecture,sociology,psychology,and behavioral science in the construction of the system,as well as the restriction of various objective factors such as medical capacity,spatial scale,and operating costs,the government and elderly care institutions have always been unable to find the best solution for how to scientifically and reasonably construct an integrated medical and care service system.This paper is based on Anshan City,Liaoning Province,which has prominent aging issues and distinct characteristics of the elderly population.Through extensive field research in elderly care institutions,and face-to-face communication with personnel from relevant government departments such as the Municipal Commission on Aging,the Civil Affairs Bureau,the Health Commission,the Medical Insurance Bureau,and the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau,it truly understands the problems that arise in the construction of the urban integrated medical and care service system.From three aspects:urban situation,institutional situation and the needs of the elderly,it is proposed to establish a clear departmental linkage mechanism with clear rights and responsibilities,a policy guarantee mechanism tailored to local conditions,a multi-measure operation mechanism,a technology first intelligent response mechanism,a warm and efficient service mechanism for the people,an overall layout mechanism,an evaluation and supervision mechanism for full process control,and a talent supply mechanism of external introduction and internal training.It aims to provide reference for the construction of an integrated medical and care service system in similar cities.

Exploration and Research on the Integrated Development of“Internet Plus Medical Treatment”

Objective To analyze the development of“internet plus medical treatment”and to explore advantages.Methods The literature of“internet plus medical treatment”was systematically combed and analyzed.Results and Conclusion After exploring the status quo of“internet plus hospitals”,smart pharmacy and web-assisted health management in China,we find that there are some problems in the medical service at present,such as the imperfect laws and regulations,the hidden dangers of information security and the obstacles of medical insurance payment.Therefore,we propose that the development of web-assisted medical service should be led by the government and relevant policies must be improved.Then,self-regulation should be strengthened,and industry standards should be enhanced.Three suggestions are made to improve medical insurance payment and benefit both hospitals and patients,which can provide reference for promoting the development of“internet plus medical treatment”in China.

Analysis of Professional Quality Cultivation Strategies for Infant and Child Care Service Talents from the Perspective of Collaboration of Medical Care,Parenting,and Education,and Integration of Industry and Education

The collaboration of medical care,parenting,and education aims to integrate nursing,midwifery,infant and child care services,and management with speech and hearing rehabilitation technology,among other elements related to the infant care industry chain.This integration targets pediatrics talent training in nine infant care positions,including nursing,infant health care and management,and child rehabilitation,to ensure that the capabilities and quality of professional talents can meet the health care needs of infants and young children.This article briefly explains the background of the“collaboration of medical care,parenting,and education,and integration of industry and education.”It analyzes the necessity of cultivating infant and child care service talents based on the perspective of“collaboration of medical care,parenting,and education,and integration of industry and education.”Based on this perspective,we conducted an in-depth study of the cultivation of professional qualities of infant and child care service talents.

The application of integrated medical and nursing rehabilitation in the management of patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes

Background At present,patients with chronic heart failure complicated with diabetes are often treated with drugs in clinical practice.Most patients cannot adhere to regular and quantitative medication for a long time,and their poor compliance has adverse effects on their rehabilitation.The aim of this study was to explore the application effects of integrated medical and nursing rehabilitation in the management of patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes.Methods A total of 75 patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes,admitted to our center from May 2020 to May 2023,were randomly divided into Group A(n=38)and Group B(n=37)using a random number table.Group A received integrated rehabilitation management,while Group B received conventional rehabilitation management.The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2h PG),glycated hemoglobin(Hb Alc),and self-care ability were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the LVEDD and LVESD in both groups were lower than before,while LVEF was higher than before(P<0.05).The LVEDD and LVESD in Group A were lower than in Group B after intervention,while LVEF was higher than in Group B(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of FBG,2h PG,Hb Alc,and the scores of the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale(EHFSc B-9)in both groups decreased,with Group A being lower than Group B(P<0.05).Conclusions Integrated medical and nursing rehabilitation can effectively improve the cardiac function and blood glucose levels of patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes,control the patients’condition,and enhance their quality of life and self-care ability.[S Chin J Cardiol 2024;25(1):44-49]

Interpretations of Key Points of National Nursing Developmental Project from 2016 to 2020

National Nursing Developmental Project from 2016 to 2020 w as printed and published by General Office of National Health and Family Planning Commission to further accelerate the development of medical nursing so as to meet the healthy requirements of the masses.This paper aimed to interpret the key points of the project from the aspects of excellent achievements in medical nursing development during the 12thFive-Year Plan,opportunities and challenges in nursing development during the 13thFive-Year Plan,guiding thought and primary principles,as w ell as the developmental targets,the primary assignments,the key projects and the supporting measures in the 13thFive-Year Plan,so as to provide the latest important information for nurses and patients w ith special requirements,and to improve nurses’professional nursing quality and capacity in medical nursing profession.

基于Anderson模型社区老年人医养结合服务的利用水平及影响因素研究

目的探究基于卫生服务利用的Anderson模型,了解社区居家老年人目前医养结合服务利用水平及影响因素,旨在推进优化服务体系建设。方法对上海市浦东新区某街道内长护险服务覆盖的居家养老老年人进行问卷调查并分析,调查内容包括倾向特征、促进资源和需要三个层面的影响因素和医养结合服务利用水平现状。结果调查共收到问卷2348份,有效问卷2302份,问卷有效回收率为98.04%。不同长护险评估等级的老年人中年龄段(年龄段占比)、文化程度、疾病数量、需要帮助程度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。27项生活护理服务中,利用率排名前六的项目依次为指/趾甲护理、手/足部清洁、沐浴、梳理/洗发、温水擦浴、头面部清洁;15项常用医疗护理服务方面,目前“未利用任意一项”的占比为61.86%。多元线性回归模型提示,倾向因素中的年龄对生活照护服务、整体医养结合服务利用均有正向影响(P<0.05),文化程度对生活照护服务、整体医养结合服务利用均有负面影响(P<0.05);促使因素中的医保类别、生活来源、照护费用对各服务利用均无影响(P>0.05);需要因素中的需要帮助程度、疾病数量、长护险等级对生活照护服务、医疗护理照护服务、整体医养结合服务利用均有正向影响(P<0.05)。结论长护险制度协调了居家养老的老年人的服务需求与服务供给,各项服务的利用水平仍有待进一步提升,服务模式有待优化。

Patient-centered medical home and integrated care in the United States: An opportunity to maximize delivery of primary care

The reciprocal relationship between mental and physical health is well established.Undiagnosed,untreated,and poorly managed mental health conditions are associated with numerous physical health complications,poor treatment adherence,and decreased quality of life.Despite growing evidence regarding the importance of effectively addressing these conditions in primary care,the rates of identification remain low and follow-up and management by primary care providers has been criticized.The objective of this review was to demonstrate the role of Patient-Centered Medical Home(PCMH)and mental health integration in addressing comprehensive health care needs in primary care patients,and to describe common barriers and facilitators to the implementation of these types of programs.

一种基于Web Service技术的医学信息整合平台构建方案实现

利用Web Service技术及MyEclipse开发工具,设计了一种医学信息整合平台,该平台能充分利用现有资源,简化医学信息的整合,具有良好的可维护性和可扩展性。

基于Web Service的PACS与“军卫一号”系统集成

目的:设计一种基于Web Service的PACS与"军卫一号"系统集成方案。方法:提出基于Web Service的PACS与"军卫一号"系统的集成框架,创建基于"军卫一号"的Web Service并进行服务调用。进行集成时,以门诊检查为例,实现PACS调用Web Service的流程。结果:基于Web Service的系统集成方案,避免了传统解决方法中对"军卫一号"数据库相关表的直接操纵,实现了医院内信息的无阻流通。结论:无论是门诊、住院、体检系统都能实现PACS信息的有效传递与共享,使得"军卫一号"系统提供的信息得到了最大程度的共享。

基于Web Service的新版电子病历与医院信息统计系统的融合

目的:通过新版电子病历与医院信息系统的融合,提高医院信息统计的效率。方法:采用Web Service技术体系,构建了一种动态的、可控的集成化框架模式。结果:改变了传统的医院信息统计模式,提高了医院信息统计效率。结论:系统的融合扩展了医院信息统计系统,使患者所有数据信息的统计更加真实、方便、快捷和准确。

基于Web Service的电子病历系统的设计与应用

建立区域医疗信息系统,实现电子病历的地全面共享已成为当前医药卫生体制改革和卫生信息化建设的重要内容。文中阐述了Web Service技术特点及优势,探讨了基于Web Service的电子病历系统体系结构以及运行支撑框架的设计。在此基础上,简要介绍了基于Web Service的电子病历系统在我院的实施和应用情况,并指出了进一步的研究方向。

基于Web Service的中小型医院电子病历系统设计

针对中小型医院的数据特性,提出基于Web Service的电子病历系统设计方法,设计中小型医院电子病历系统。根据Web Service的特点和优势,本文探讨基于Web Service的电子病历系统的体系结构、数据模型和安全性设计,并在此基础上提出下一步研究方向。方便患者就诊,减少大量检查手续,为患者提供方便。

基于Web Service的PACS模型研究

远程医疗与教学系统的建立是医疗事业与医学教育事业发展的客观要求。建立基于Web Service的PACS平台是远程医疗与教学系统建设的一种途径。该平台利用PACS图像归档服务器的数字影像文件为共享源,利用Web Service机制对本单位外用户进行文件级的共享。在这种应用背景下,文章首先从宏观上提出了一个PACS系统体系结构模型,该模型结合Web Service提供了远程数字医学图像共享功能,最后编程实现了其中的数字医学图像共享模块,验证了模型的实践可行性。

基于Web Service的“军卫一号”系统与医院网站集成

为了使医院网站为患者提供网上预约挂号、住院费用查询、药品价格查询等应用功能,需要实现医院网站与医院信息系统(HIS)的集成。对此,本文提出了一种基于Web Service技术的系统集成方法,该方法简便高效、易于实现。

基于Andersen行为模型的机构内老年人医养结合模式选择及其影响因素研究

目的了解老年人对医养结合机构服务模式选择意愿及其影响因素,为构建全方位、多层级、不同类型"医养结合"机构服务体系提供科学参考。方法基于Andersen行为模型,通过焦点访谈和问卷调查,采用多阶段分层抽样方法于2017年6月-2018年8月对青岛市7个区43家医养结合机构2040位入住老年人进行问卷调查,构建多分类logistic回归模型,分析机构老年人医养结合模式选择的影响因素。结果机构老年人当中选择养中有医模式最多(42.32%),医养并重的次之(37.55%),医中有养的最少(20.14%)。与医养并重模式相比,中低教育程度、健康状况好、半自理、无任何疾病、睡眠时间较短的老年人更愿意选择养中有医机构模式(P<0.05);教育程度低、与子女在同一市居住、无任何疾病、睡眠时间较短的老年人更愿意选择医中有养机构模式(P<0.05)。从Andersen模型各维度来看对医养结合机构模式选择影响最大的是促成性因素,其次分别是需求性因素、倾向性因素和健康行为因素。结论青岛市机构老年人医养结合模式选择以养中有医机构模式最多,机构老年人医养结合模式选择受社会人口学特征、居住安排、健康状况和日常生活状况等因素的影响,其中促成性因素影响最大。

基于Andersen行为模型的社区老年人医养结合养老需求分析

背景我国医养结合发展中屡遇瓶颈,仍有诸多问题亟待解决。而老年人多阶段、多层次、多元化的医养结合养老需求是影响机构发展及其服务实现的"源头性"问题,精准把握并分析其需求现状,是健康合理发展医养结合、改善供需错位状况、实现资源优化配置的有力保障。目的调查泸州市社区老年人对医养结合的认知及需求情况,并分析其影响因素,为发展医养结合养老模式提供依据。方法 2018年2—5月采用便利抽样法选取泸州市符合纳入标准的社区老年人650例,采用一般资料调查表、医养结合相关情况调查表、衰弱综合评估量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查;以Andersen行为模型为基础,将调查内容中关于社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素分别纳入倾向性因素、使能因素和需求性因素,构建3个Logistic回归模型进行分析,采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验模型预测概率及拟合优度,采用二元Logistic回归分析社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素。结果共发放问卷650份,回收有效问卷627份,有效回收率为96.5%。627例老年人中,340例(54.2%)对医养结合有所了解,416例(66.3%)表示有医养结合养老需求。模型Ⅱ和模型Ⅲ的-2对数似然值(-2LL)均小于模型Ⅰ,Cox&Snell R^2、Nagelkerke R^2均大于模型Ⅰ;模型Ⅲ的-2LL小于模型Ⅱ,Cox&Snell R^2、Nagelkerke R^2均大于模型Ⅱ,表明模型Ⅲ对样本的拟合程度最好。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄[OR=1.692,95%CI(1.118,2.560)]、子女数[OR=0.571,95%CI(0.407,0.800)]、就医方便度[OR=2.931,95%CI(2.117,4.058)]、社会支持度[OR=0.455,95%CI(0.326,0.635)]、慢性病患病情况[OR=1.999,95%CI(1.343,2.975)]、医养结合认知水平[OR=1.719,95%CI(1.222,2.418)]、衰弱程度[OR=2.495,95%CI(1.666,3.736)]、抑郁程度[OR=1.914,95%CI(1.296,2.827)]是社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论泸州市社区老年人医养结合知晓、需求水平较高,医养结合养老需求受多种因素的影响,建议政府、企业及后续研究者在今后的调查研究过程中对不同影响因素加以分类分析。医养结合养老服务仍需先行试点,逐步开展。

医防融合的关键问题、机制创新与实现路径

我国医疗服务与公共卫生服务相互割裂的问题由来已久,医防融合是新时代背景下实现健康中国战略的重要举措。当前,在医防融合试点实践中,存在医疗卫生服务体系多头管理、紧密型医联体尚未真正形成、医院“重医轻防”理念仍未转变、医防信息不能互联互通等问题。对此,可以借鉴宿迁的经验,从组织管理、医防服务供给、卫生筹资、医防人才与医防信息等方面入手,实现医防融合的机制创新,在此基础上,将医防融合作为常态化制度持续向纵深推进。

居家社区医养结合服务利用及满意度现状研究

目的 了解居家社区医养结合服务的利用情况和满意度现状,提出促进医养结合发展的对策和建议。方法 通过目的抽样法于2023年5-7月在我国东、中、西部分别选取无锡市、长沙市、成都市对2 125名60岁及以上正在接受或曾接受过服务的老年人进行问卷调查。采用描述性分析、卡方检验、单因素方差分析、多元线性回归等统计学方法对有效问卷数据进行分析。结果 不同地区的就医习惯、服务方式、常用药的获取情况差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。服务总体满意度均值为(4.32±0.625)分,处于“满意”与“非常满意”之间。线性回归结果显示,失能程度、慢性病患病情况、地区差异、就医习惯、服务方式、常用药获取情况、地理可及性情况是服务满意度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年人所接受的居家社区医养结合服务对于基层医疗卫生机构利用情况较好,服务总体满意度较高,但存在地区之间发展不平衡的问题。应进一步以基层医疗卫生机构为重点发展居家社区医养结合服务,完善医保支付机制,加快建立健全长护险制度,不断提高居家社区老年人的满意度和居家社区医养结合服务质量。

农村医养结合型养老服务政策的演进逻辑

伴随着健康中国战略的稳步推进,我国农村医养结合型养老服务体系经历了从供给不足到供需相对均衡的发展过程,逐步形成了与经济社会持续健康发展相协调的高质量社会养老服务体系,在满足公众需求、缓解社会矛盾、促进社会公平、增进老年福祉等方面发挥了重要作用。深入挖掘其在政策目标、政策内容、价值取向等方面的阶段性特征和变化趋势,通过社会网络分析发现,我国农村医疗卫生与养老服务相结合由点到面逐步拓展,二者由彼此独立走向有机融合,其结合、融合与整合的体制机制逐渐成熟,二者相结合由逐步成熟向深度融合阶段迈进。为了促进医养结合政策的有效衔接,我国应加快推进农村医养结合型养老服务体系建设,以县域医共体为核心发展农村医养结合型养老服务,探究不同类型政策工具之间的合理匹配,全方位提高农村医养结合型养老服务质量,不断提升老年人健康保障水平。

健康老龄化视域下“医养结合嵌入式”养老服务的质量评价研究

健康老龄化视角下的嵌入式医养结合养老模式是未来老年人养老质量的保障,也体现了老年人对未来老年幸福美好生活的需求。但对该模式的研究多集中在理论研究层面,对实证的研究较为缺乏。本研究基于医养结合的嵌入式养老服务的评价方法和评价原则,对构建嵌入式医养结合养老模式的评价指标体系进行了较为详尽的阐释。发现目前嵌入式养老机构重在养老轻在医疗,医疗机构与养老机构之间存在着衔接不足的问题,具体表现在医护人员的服务主体不够专业、服务项目不够落实、医疗机构与养老机构的资源整合碎片化以及机构管理的多头监管等问题。研究针对相关问题提出了建议,对我国医养结合的嵌入式养老模式的进一步实施具有一定借鉴意义。