Research on the development methodology for clinical practice guidelines for organic integration of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine

Integrated traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and Western medicine(WM)is a new medical science grounded in the knowledge bases of both TCM and WM,which then forms a unique modern medical system in China.Integrated TCM and WM has a long history in China,and has made important achievements in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,the methodological defects in currently published clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)limit its development.The organic integration of TCM and WM is a deeper integration of TCM and WM.To realize the progression of"integration"to"organic integration",a targeted and standardized guideline development methodology is needed.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to establish a standardized development procedure for clinical practice guidelines for the organic integration of TCM and WM to promote the systematic integration of TCM and WM research results into clinical practice guidelines in order to achieve optimal results as the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.

The Transmission,Establishment and Cross-cultural Integration of Chinese Medicine in the Mainstream Healthcare,through the Eyes of a Generation of Visionaries and Pioneers

It has historically been very difficult to trace the history of the westward transmission of Chinese medicine through the accounts of its protagonists. Many of the early scholars such as Jack Worsley, Dick Van Buren, and Joe Goodman were reluctant to divulge information about the source of their knowledge, or their professional qualifications. Others, such as John Shen and Hong Yuan-bain were early 20th century immigrants who transmitted highly personalized versions of acupuncture and Chinese medicine to select disciples. Eventually, a new class of scholars appeared, including names such as Ted Kaptchuk, Peter Deadman, Nigel Wiseman, William Morris, Peter Eckman, John Mc Donald, Charles Buck, and the late Giovanni Maciocia who looked for answers back in China, developed translation methodologies and terminology, compiled the main textbooks currently in use at TCM colleges, overcame enormous scholastic adversity, developed courses and pursued the regulation and accreditation of TCM in various countries. This special issue synopsizes the path towards the global acculturation of TCM over the last 50 years, the main protagonists, the enormous accomplishments they have achieved for the profession, their philosophy, their clinical perspectives and visions for the future.

Development Strategy of Sichuan Sports Museum under the Background of Cultural and Tourism Integration

Through conducting a SWOT analysis of the Chengdu Sports Institute Museum,and utilizing the 4M management,5W display,and 4P marketing theoretical models,this study explores effective strategies suitable for Sichuan sports museums in terms of functionality,display,and marketing.

Teaching Research and Effect Observation on the Integration of Clinical Medicine Integrated Course and Ideological and Political Elements from the Perspective of“Sanquan Education”

Purpose:To analyze the application path of the integration of clinical medicine integrated courses with the elements of ideology and politics under the theory of“Sanquan Education,”and to provide references for the promotion of educational reform in medical schools.Methods:60 clinical medicine undergraduates at Jiamusi University in 2018 and 2019 were randomly selected as research subjects.On the basis of the analysis of students’characteristics and pre-study content,the students were divided into the integration group and the traditional group,each with 30 students.Students in the integration group carried out clinical medicine integrated class with the integration of ideological and political elements.Students in the traditional group carried out the traditional clinical medicine integrated class.Classroom evaluation scales,anonymous questionnaires,and interviews were used to conduct research,collect data,and compare and observe the application effects.Results:After carrying out different modes of clinical medicine integrated courses,the undergraduates of the Excellent Physician Class in the integration group were higher than those in the traditional group in terms of teaching satisfaction,comprehensive quality,basic knowledge test,and case analysis scores through questionnaire analysis(P<0.05).In the evaluation of the effect of ideological education,the undergraduates of the Excellent Physician Class of the integration group were higher than the traditional group in terms of the acceptance of doctor-patient communication,the correct rate of mastering the history of the discipline,and the correct rate of mastering the frontiers and policies(P<0.05).Conclusion:Through the integration of clinical medicine integrated course and ideological and political elements,we can help students establish correct values while teaching them professional knowledge,improve the implementation of moral education in medical schools,cultivate excellent medical workers with high morality and firm beliefs for the society,and realize the fundamental educational task of establishing morality and educating people in medical schools in the context of“Sanquan Education.”

Analysis of the Application of Sports Medicine Ultrasound in the Rehabilitation of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Injury

Objective: To explore the application effect of sports medicine ultrasound in the rehabilitation treatment of anterior talofibular ligament injury. Methods: 36 patients who visited our hospital from January 2020 to September 2023 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into the study group (18 cases) and the control group (18 cases). The control group adopted routine examination and rehabilitation training, and the study group adopted sports medicine ultrasound and rehabilitation training. The ankle function scores and daily living ability of the two groups were compared before treatment and 9 weeks after treatment. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the study group and the control group in terms of ankle function scores and ability to perform activities of daily living before treatment (P > 0.05), but the difference was statistically significant after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound can be used as a supplement to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the ankle joint for diagnosing anterior talofibular ligament injury;ultrasound can show the location, distance, and degree of tear of the anterior talofibular ligament rupture and accurately predict muscle atrophy around the ankle joint;ultrasound combined with computed tomography (CT) can better determine the type of intra-articular fracture of the talar subtalar joint, and guide the choice of surgical timing. In addition, ultrasound can be used to determine the severity of peroneal muscle atrophy, assess the progress of early postoperative functional exercise, and guide personalized rehabilitation programs.

Integration and implementation of precision medicine in the multifaceted inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex disease with variability in genetic,environmental,and lifestyle factors affecting disease presentation and course.Precision medicine has the potential to play a crucial role in managing IBD by tailoring treatment plans based on the heterogeneity of clinical and temporal variability of patients.Precision medicine is a population-based approach to managing IBD by integrating environmental,genomic,epigenomic,transcriptomic,proteomic,and metabolomic factors.It is a recent and rapidly developing medicine.The widespread adoption of precision medicine worldwide has the potential to result in the early detection of diseases,optimal utilization of healthcare resources,enhanced patient outcomes,and,ultimately,improved quality of life for individuals with IBD.Though precision medicine is promising in terms of better quality of patient care,inadequacies exist in the ongoing research.There is discordance in study conduct,and data collection,utilization,interpretation,and analysis.This review aims to describe the current literature on precision medicine,its multiomics approach,and future directions for its application in IBD.

Integration of the Sunshine Sports Concept in Taekwondo Teaching in Colleges and Universities

Sunshine Sports has played a significant role in promoting the teaching of Taekwondo in colleges and universities.By analyzing the connection between the Sunshine Sports concept and Taekwondo teaching,the characteristics of the Sunshine Sports concept in Taekwondo teaching in colleges and universities are discussed.This article expounds on the influencing factors in implementing the Sunshine Sports concept and discusses how to carry out scientific and reasonable teaching methods.

Application of multidisciplinary team-based integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in rotator cuff injury patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery

BACKGROUND Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is a common surgical treatment for rotator cuff injuries(RCIs).Although this procedure has certain clinical advantages,it requires rehabilitation management interventions to ensure therapeutic efficacy.AIM To investigate the effect of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine(TCM-WM)under the multidisciplinary team(MDT)model on the postoperative recovery of patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery for RCIs.METHODS This study enrolled 100 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for RCIs at the Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2021 and May 2024.They were divided into a control group(n=48)that received routine rehabilitation treatment and an experimental group(n=52)that received TCM-WM under the MDT model(e.g.,acupuncture,TCM traumatology and orthopedics,and rehabilitation).The results of the Constant–Murley Shoulder Score(CMS),Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI),muscular strength evaluation,and shoulder range of motion(ROM)assessments were analyzed.RESULTS After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly higher CMS scores in terms of pain,functional activity,shoulder joint mobility,and muscular strength than the baseline and those of the control group.The experimental group also exhibited significantly lower VAS and SPADI scores than the baseline and those of the control group.In addition,the experimental group showed significantly enhanced muscular strength(forward flexor and external and internal rotator muscles)and shoulder ROM(forward flexion,abduction,and lateral abduction)after treatment compared with the control group.CONCLUSION TCM-WM under the MDT model improved shoulder joint function,relieved postoperative pain,promoted postoperative functional recovery,and facilitated the recovery of muscular strength and shoulder ROM in patients with RCIs who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Quality of life and survival analyses of breast cancer cases treated with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine

BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC)is the second leading cause of tumor-related mortality after lung cancer.Chemotherapy resistance remains a major challenge to progress in BC treatment,warranting further exploration of feasible and effective alternative therapies.AIM To analyzed the quality of life(QoL)and survival of patients with BC treated with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine(TCM-WM).METHODS This study included 226 patients with BC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between February 2018 and February 2023,including 100 who received conventional Western medicine treatment(control group)and 126 who received TCM-WM treatment(research group).The total effective rate,side effects(alopecia,nausea and vomiting,hepatorenal toxicity,and myelosuppression),QoL assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire(EORTC QLQ-C30),1-year overall survival(OS),recurrence and metastasis rates,and serum inflammatory factors[interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,and tumor necrosis factor alpha]were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS The research group showed statistically better overall efficacy,EORTC QoL-C30 scores,and 1-year OS than the control group,with markedly lower side effects and 1-year recurrence and metastasis rates.Moreover,the posttreatment levels of serum inflammatory in the research group were significantly lower than the baseline and those in the control group.CONCLUSION Overall,TCM-WM demonstrated significantly improved therapeutic efficacy while ensuring drug safety in BC,which not only improved patients’QoL and prolonged survival,but also significantly inhibited the inflammatory response.

Research progress of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer

Gastric cancer(GC)is a malignant tumor originating from the gastric epithelium,and its incidence and mortality rates rank third among all malignant tumors worldwide.It is also one of the most common cancers in China and is treated predominantly by Western medicine in clinical practice.However,with the advancements in medical technology and informatics,the values of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in preventing and treating GC and improving prognosis have increasingly been recognized.According to TCM,clinical manifestations of GC can be divided into Yege(dysphagia),regurgitation,stomach pain,and Zhengxia(abdominal mass).Due to the unbalanced distribution of health care resources in China,most GC patients already have progressive or advanced-stage disease at the first diagnosis.As a result,most GC patients have poor physical function,and surgery or chemotherapy alone will aggravate the impairment to the immune function and seriously affect the quality of life.In contrast,TCM therapies have shown promising efficacy in the management of these patients.Here we review the role of the integrated TCM and Western medicine in treating advanced GC.

A Clinical Study of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Liver-Stomach Disharmony Functional Dyspepsia

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of liver-stomach disharmony functional dyspepsia.Methods:Sixty patients with functional dyspepsia of liver-stomach disharmony type admitted to our hospital from January to August 2022 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into two groups,a study group and a control group,with 30 cases in each group.The main observations were stomachache or pain over bilateral flanks,emotionally depressed,belching,fullness and discomfort over the abdomen and flanks,acid regurgitation,loss of appetite,frequent sighing,noisy epigastric,and the treatment effect.Results:According to the classification of symptom severity on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score table,statistics were made on the corresponding severity of the main symptoms and secondary symptoms of the two groups of patients,and the data of the two groups were compared by Wilcoxon test.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of TCM symptoms between the two groups;the study group’s total effective rate of pain relief(recovery+markedly effective+effective)was 96.67%,and Fisher’s χ^(2) test indicated a significant difference in the total effective rate of pain relief between the two groups(P=0.027<0.05).Conclusion:The use of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is clearly better than the simple application of western medicine.It is safe and has no side effects.It can be used as a treatment for patients with functional dyspepsia.

Discussion on reprogramming of tumor energy metabolism and intervention of traditional Chinese medicine based on the theory of“collateral Q i stagnation”

The theory of stagnation of collateral Qi(Chinese medicine refers to the most fundamental and subtle substances thatconstitute the human body and maintain life activities,and also has the meaning of physiological functions)originates from the theory of collateral disease,which refers to the deficiency of Qi in the body’s collaterals,the loss of Qi and blood,and the failure of stagnation of collateral Qi,which leads to the loss of Qi,blood and body fluid,and the formation of pathological products such as deficiency,depression,phlegm,blood stasis in the local area,and ultimately damage the pathological process of collaterals.Based on the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of collateral Qi stagnation and the previous study of meridian channels,we believe that the key pathogenesis of the formation,evolution and spread of malignant tumors is“collateral Qi deficiency stagnation,collateral Qi stagnation and collateral Qi decay”.As an important energy resonance channel of the body,meridians play a key role in the process of material transformation and energy metabolism.It is believed that the small focus caused by the pathogenesis of stagnation is the cause of malignant transformation of tumor,the reprogramming of energy metabolism induced by the lesion of collateral Qi is the basis of the progress of tumor pathogenesis,and the formation of tumor microenvironment regulated by the tumor toxin vena is the root of alienation of tumor development.Guided by this theory,focusing on the correlation between collateral Qi and tumor energy metabolism,using Professor Hua Baojin's treatment method of“Regulating Qi and detoxifying”to prescribe drugs can adjust collateral Qi function,achieve the relative balance of internal environment,and then inhibit the progress of tumor.Based on the above understanding,this study tries to enlighten new diagnosis and treatment ideas under the guidance of“stagnation of collateral Qi”in traditional Chinese medicine,in order to provide some theoretical support for the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine in the process of tumor development.

Research on the Reform Path of Physical Education Teaching in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Physical Education Integration

With the pace of reform and development of quality education and teaching,the concepts and models of education and teaching in colleges and universities should be updated and adjusted in a timely manner.It is necessary to cultivate students with moral character,and to cultivate and guide students from all aspects such as moral,intellectual,physical,artistic,and labor,so that students’abilities and skills in all aspects can be significantly improved.At the same time,colleges and universities should also emphasize the guidance of physical education,continuously deepen and reform physical education,and fully integrate the concept of physical education integration into it.However,in the specific implementation process,the teaching concepts are old and traditional,and the teaching guidance model lacks rationality,etc.,resulting in unsatisfactory teaching effects in physical education classrooms.Based on this,colleges and universities should promptly reform and innovate the existing physical education teaching model based on the actual situation,and implement the concept of integrating sports and education into every teaching guidance segment to truly achieve the reform and development goals of physical education teaching in colleges and universities,and contribute to the development of sports.

Application Effect of Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation in the Treatment of Adolescent Ankle Sports Injuries

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation in treating adolescent ankle sports injuries.Methods:From December 2020 to December 2022,adolescent patients with ankle joint sports injuries admitted to our hospital were selected as observation objects,and 67 patients were divided into a control group(n=33,routine rehabilitation treatment)and an experimental group(n=34,traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation treatment)according to the computer grouping method.Compare the treatment results.Results:(i)The treatment received in the experimental group had an efficacy of 94.11%,which was higher than that of the control group(75.75%),and statistical significance was established(P<0.05).(ii)Before treatment,there was no difference in ankle joint pain,ankle joint activity,and ankle joint function scores between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05);after treatment,the ankle joint pain,ankle joint activity,and ankle joint function scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).(iii)The experimental group had higher scores on physiological function,physiological function,physical pain,general health status,energy,social function,emotional function,and mental health compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation is effective in treating ankle injuries caused by sports in adolescents and improve their quality of life.Therefore,it should be popularized.

Application of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of juvenile localized scleroderma with skin ulcer: a case report

Background:Juvenile Localized Scleroderma(JLS)is a rare pediatric rheumatic disease characterized by inflammation and skin sclerosis.The side effect of consensus-recommended medications and the risk of disability posed challenges to the JLS treatment.We intend to demonstrate the potential of traditional Chinese medicine in treating JLS with skin ulcers and reducing the dose of glucocorticoid.Method:Here we report a case of a 13-year-old male with JLS who took oral methotrexate tablets of 10 mg/week and methylprednisolone of 6 mg/day for over six months without significant effect and suffered from skin ulcers on the dorsal feet one month after drug cessation.Subsequently,the patient was treated with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine of low-dose glucocorticosteroid,adjusted Shenqi Huoxue formula and Jinshe Xiaoyan formula,etc.Results:After integrated treatment,the patient’s dorsal feet ulcers healed and the skin sclerosis and hyperpigmentation improved significantly.Conclusions:This case report suggests that integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine can be used as an effective treatment for JLS.

Therapeutic Effect of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Anal Pruritus After Anorectal Surgery

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on anal pruritus after anorectal surgery.Methods:Ninety-eight patients with anal pruritus after anorectal surgery in our hospital were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups,the control group(50 cases)and the study group(48 cases),according to the treatment plan.The control group was under a simple western medicine treatment plan,while the study group was under an integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment plan.The overall efficacy,severity of anal pruritus,time to eliminate clinical symptoms,and anxiety and depression scores of the two groups of patients under different treatment plans were compared.Results:After two weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the study group was 95.83%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(82.00%,P<0.05).After 7 and 14 days of treatment,the anal pruritus scores improved significantly in both the groups,but the study group was superior to the control group,with statistical difference(P<0.01).The time of disappearance of skin itching and skin damage in the study group was shorter than that in the control group.After 14 days of treatment,the anxiety and depression scores of both groups were lower than those after 7 days of treatment;however,there was statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.01).Conclusion:In the clinical treatment of anorectal postoperative diseases,such as anal pruritus,the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine can significantly improve the symptoms of pruritus,shorten the time of disappearance of clinical symptoms,improve depression and anxiety,and create a positive clinical application value in promoting the rehabilitation of patients and improving their quality of life.

The effects and prospects of the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine on andrology in China

Andrology has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） discussions concerning andropathies, and documentation of relevant therapeutic methods abound in the ancient literature on TCM. Integrated treatment combining TCM and Western medicine has seen both broad and in-depth development, with formidable status in the field of modern andrology in China. This article attempts to demonstrate the unique advantage of integrated treatment in the therapy of andropathies through a review of the ancient literature on andrology in the field of TCM and on the integrative treatment of prostatic diseases, sexual dysfunction, male infertility and late-onset hypogonadism. There is a need for the advancement of a medical theory that integrates TCM and Western medicine practices to create a new therapeutic system with standardized therapeutic and evaluative protocols for diseases involving male sexual health.

Progress in clinical research on the integration of Chinese and Western medicines for treating primary liver cancer

Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.

Multidisciplinary integration to enhance the overall level of Chinese and Westernmedicine consensus efficacy

In recent years,Chinese and Western medicine clinical guidelines have attracted attention.But for the existing Chinese and Western medicine experts consensus or guidelines,Chinese medicine and Western medicine were split,out of touch from the form and content.How to lay equal stress on traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine?How to form the organic unity of Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the clinical practice?they need to reach a consensus.This article explains how to improve the efficacy of Chinese and Western medicine from different aspects.

Transmission of Knowledge and Practice between Cultures:A Case Study of Chinese Medicine Integration in the United States

Medicine operates within the world views of the culture that it serves,and the widespread Chinese diaspora has carried medical practices with it.The resulting creolization takes shape at the borders of intersecting cultures in a distinct form of integration.This article explores the intersections of integration relative to the spread of Chinese medicine in the United States in practical,cognitive,and theoretical terms.This article could be a reference to practitioners,academics,and policymakers in the areas of integrative and Chinese medicine.