Response of multi-step compound pre-equilibrium reaction cross sections for the(p,n)reactions to forms of optical model parameters

In furtherance to improving agreement between calculated and experimental nuclear data, the nuclear reaction code GAMME was used to calculate the multistep compound(MSC) nucleus double differential cross sections(DDCs) for proton-induced neutron emission reactions using the Feshbach-Kerman-Koonin(FKK) formalism. The cross sections were obtained for reactor structural materials involving ^(52)Cr(p, n)^(52)Mn,^(56)Fe(p,n)^(56)Co, and ^(60)Ni(p, n)^(60)Cu reactions at 22.2 MeV incident energy using the zero-range reaction mechanism. Effective residual interaction strength was 28 MeV, and different optical potential parameters were used for the entrance and exit channels of the proton-neutron interactions. The calculated DDCs were fitted to experimental data at the same backward angle of 150°, where the MSC processes dominate. The calculated and experimental data agree well in the region of pre-equilibrium(MSC) reaction dominance against a weaker fit at the lower emission energies. We attribute underestimations to contributions from the other reaction channels and disagreement at higher outgoing energies to reactions to collectively excited states. Contrary to the FKK multi-step direct calculations, contributions from the higher stages to the DDCs are significant. Different sets of parameters resulted in varying levels of agreement of calculated and experimental data for the considered nuclei.

SIMULATION MODELING ON THE COORDINATION MECHANISM OF ETHYLENE MONOMER ON VARIOUS PREREDUCED Cr（Ⅱ）Ox/SiO2 PHILLIPS POLYETHYLENE MODEL CATALYSTS

As one of the most important catalysts in polyethylene industry,Phillips catalyst(CrO_x/SiO_2)was quite unique for its activation by ethylene monomer without using any activator like alkyl-aluminium or MAO.In this work,the density functional theory(DFT)calculation combined with paired interacting orbitals(PIO)method was applied for the theoretical studies on coordination reaction mechanism between ethylene monomer and two model catalysts namely Cr(Ⅱ)(OH)_2(M1) and silsesquioxane-supported Cr(Ⅱ)(M2)as surfac...

On Reading Theories and Instruction Model

We have come to know comprehension better by studying the nature and characteristics of reading processes and by weighing the pros and cons of different reading theories and their influence on the teaching of reading. But in China, unfortunately, few achievements have been made in the field of reading theory research. Thus, in order to ameliorate our reading teaching, it is urgent for us to set up our own system of reading theories. The author, after studying carefully the present reading models in China and by absorbing the quintessence of foreign reading theories, ventures to suggest the “discourse word discourse” model. The model gives full thought to the characteristics of Chinese college students and thus suits a reading classroom in China better. However, the comprehension factors involved in the model are far from exhaustive and the model itself leaves much room for modification and addition.\;

Schema theory and its application in teaching listening for non-English major undergraduates

Both empirical research findings and teaching experiences show that most non-English major undergraduates who are poorly aware of the cognitive psychological aspect of listening usually pay far greater attention to their improvement of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, etc. only in listening class. That might be part of the reason, and the author will discuss the application of information-processing model theory, schema theory in particular from the angle of cognitive psychology in listening comprehension course, hoping to remove barriers in the listening procedure to achieve better progress for students in listening ability.

Time-dependent Diffusion Coefficient and Conventional Diffusion Constant of Nanoparticles in Polymer Melts by Mode-coupling Theory

Time-dependent diffusion coefficient and conventional diffusion constant are calculated and analyzed to study diffusion of nanoparticles in polymer melts. A generalized Langevin equa- tion is adopted to describe the diffusion dynamics. Mode-coupling theory is employed to calculate the memory kernel of friction. For simplicity, only microscopic terms arising from binary collision and coupling to the solvent density fluctuation are included in the formalism. The equilibrium structural information functions of the polymer nanocomposites required by mode-coupling theory are calculated on the basis of polymer reference interaction site model with Percus-Yevick closure. The effect of nanoparticle size and that of the polymer size are clarified explicitly. The structural functions, the friction kernel, as well as the diffusion coefficient show a rich variety with varying nanoparticle radius and polymer chain length. We find that for small nanoparticles or short chain polymers, the characteristic short time non-Markov diffusion dynamics becomes more prominent, and the diffusion coefficient takes longer time to approach asymptotically the conventional diffusion constant. This constant due to the microscopic contributions will decrease with the increase of nanoparticle size, while increase with polymer size. Furthermore, our result of diffusion constant from mode- coupling theory is compared with the value predicted from the Stokes-Einstein relation. It shows that the microscopic contributions to the diffusion constant are dominant for small nanoparticles or long chain polymers. Inversely, when nanonparticle is big, or polymer chain is short, the hydrodynamic contribution might play a significant role.

Dust Distribution Study at the Blast Furnace Top Based on k-Sε-u_(p)Model

The dust distribution law acting at the top of a blast fumace(BF)is of great significance for understanding gas flow distribution and mitigating the negative influence of dust particles on the accuracy and service life of detection equipment.The harsh environment inside a BF makes it difficult to describe the dust disthibution.This paper adresses this problem by proposing a dust distribution k-Sε-u_(p)model based on interphase(gas-powder)coupling.The proposed model is coupled with a k-Sεmodel(which describes gas flow movement)and a u_(p)model(which depicts dust movement).First,the kinetic energy equation and turbulent dissipation rate equation in the k-Sεmodel are established based on the modeling theory and single Green-function two scale direct interaction approximation(SGF-TSDIA)theory.Second,a dust particle mnovement u_(p)model is built based on a force analysis of the dust and Newton's laws of motion.Finally,a coupling factor that descibes the interphase interaction is proposed,and the k-Sε-u_(p)model,with clear physical meaning.ligorous mathematical logic,and adequate generality,is dleveloped.Siumulation results and o-site verification show that the k-Sε-u_(p)model not only has high precision,but also reveals the aggregate distribution features of the dust,which are helpful in optimizing the installation position of the detection equipment and imnproving its accuracy and service life.

THE PSYCHOLINGUISTIC SCHEMA THEORY AND ESL READING METHODOLOGY

Schema theory research has shown importance of background knowledge within a psycholinguistic model of reading. This paper gives an overview of schema theory as part of a reader-centered, psycholinguistic processing model of EFL/ESL reading, in which we discuss how reading comprehension involves background knowledge that goes far beyond linguistic knowledge. The process of interpretation is realized by the employment of two basic modes of information processing, bottom-up and top-down processing. Then, a variety of techniques and classroom activities are suggested for accommodating this phenomenon in a reader-centered EFL/ESL reading program.

在非均匀磁场中Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用对伊辛链热纠缠的影响(英文)

采用Negativity理论研究了具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用的伊辛模型在非均匀磁场中的纠缠特性。结果发现,DM相互作用的存在明显增强了两量子比特间的热纠缠并且能够把纠缠增加到一个最大值0.5;而外磁场具有减小热纠缠的作用。温度的高低也直接影响热纠缠,另外,讨论了磁场的非均匀性对伊辛链热纠缠的影响,在一定程度上,非均匀磁场对热纠缠的影响类似于匀强磁场。研究表明:可以通过调节DM相互作用强度、外磁场大小和温度高低来控制热纠缠。

一类考虑载荷相互作用效应的Manson-Halford改进模型

在变幅载荷作用下,加载顺序以及不同载荷水平之间的相互作用对结构疲劳寿命有显著影响。MansonHalford非线性累积损伤模型较好地解释了加载顺序的影响,但未能考虑载荷间的相互作用效应。在MansonHalford模型及其既有改进模型基础上,引入前后两级载荷应力比的高次方项以体现载荷相互作用效应对结构损伤演化以及疲劳寿命预测的非线性影响。进一步构建了此类改进模型的统一的幂形式表达式,当幂指数取不同值时可得到原模型及各改进模型。根据3种常用材料的疲劳试验数据,对不同模型的疲劳寿命预测有效性和可行性进行对比分析,最后给出前后两级载荷应力比的e次方的建议。对比结果显示:与既有模型相比,本文所建议模型能够更好地体现载荷相互作用效应,有效地提高变幅载荷作用下疲劳寿命预测的精度。

Interpretability of Neural Networks Based on Game-theoretic Interactions

This paper introduces the system of game-theoretic interactions,which connects both the explanation of knowledge encoded in a deep neural networks(DNN)and the explanation of the representation power of a DNN.In this system,we define two gametheoretic interaction indexes,namely the multi-order interaction and the multivariate interaction.More crucially,we use these interaction indexes to explain feature representations encoded in a DNN from the following four aspects:(1)Quantifying knowledge concepts encoded by a DNN;(2)Exploring how a DNN encodes visual concepts,and extracting prototypical concepts encoded in the DNN;(3)Learning optimal baseline values for the Shapley value,and providing a unified perspective to compare fourteen different attribution methods;(4)Theoretically explaining the representation bottleneck of DNNs.Furthermore,we prove the relationship between the interaction encoded in a DNN and the representation power of a DNN(e.g.,generalization power,adversarial transferability,and adversarial robustness).In this way,game-theoretic interactions successfully bridge the gap between“the explanation of knowledge concepts encoded in a DNN”and"the explanation of the representation capacity of a DNN"as a unified explanation.

Numerical Analysis of PRISM-PY Calculations for Hard-and Soft-Core Generic Polymer Models

Generic polymer models capturing the chain connectivity and excluded-volume interactions between polymer segments can be classified, according to whether or not the 3D integral of the latter diverges, into hard- and soft-core models. Taking homogeneous systems of compressible homopolymer melts (or equivalently homopolymer solutions in an implicit, good solvent) in the continuum as an example, we recently compared the correlation effects on the structural and thermodynamic properties of the hard- and soft-core models given by the polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) theory with the Percus-Yevick (PY) closure (Polymers 2023, 15, 1180). Here we analyzed in detail the numerical errors and behavior of the interchain pair correlation functions (PCFs) given by the PRISM-PY calculations of these models using an efficient numerical approach that we proposed. Our numerical approach has the least number of independent variables to be iteratively solved, analytically treats the discontinuities caused by the non-bonded pair potential (such as that of the hard spheres) and takes only the inverse Fourier transform of the interchain indirect PCF between polymer segments (which is continuous and decays towards 0 with increasing wavenumber much faster than both the interchain direct and total PCFs), and is essential for us to accurately solve the PRISM-PY theory for chain length N as large as 106. To capture the correlation-hole effect, the real-space cut-off in the PRISM calculations should be proportional to the square root of N.

基于Aging theory社交网络用户关注点交互影响演化模型

【目的/意义】研究社交网络平台用户关注点演化对掌握舆情,制定管理决策具有重要作用。【方法/过程】本文提出一种基于Aging theory的关注点交互影响演化模型。该模型将每阶段营养素重新设计为外部来源与其他关注点转移两类,使用关注点间的相似性作为第二类营养素度量演化过程中关注点交互影响效应,并根据两类营养素不同比例将关注点划分为突发型与渐变型两种。【结果/结论】通过"厦门BRT爆炸"的新浪微博数据集验证,该模型能够刻画上述两种关注点的演化趋势,并对演化原因进行解释。

Gene×environment interaction in major depressive disorder

Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a multifactorial disorder,where multiple susceptibility genes interact with environmental factors,predisposing individuals to the development of the illness.In this article,we reviewed different gene×environment interaction(G×E)studies shifting from a candidate gene to a genome-wide approach.Among environmental factors,childhood adversities and stressful life events have been suggested to exert crucial impacts on MDD.Importantly,the diathesis-stress conceptualization of G×E has been challenged by the differential susceptibility theory.Finally,we summarized several limitations of G×E studies and suggested how future G×E studies might reveal complex interactions between genes and environments in MDD.

WRESTLING WITH TWO THEORIES IN TEXT COMPREHENSION — A CRITICAL REVIEW OF HOSSEIN NASSAJI'S ARTICLE IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

This paper critically reviews Hossein Nassaji's Language Learning article, which systematically overviews the recent language processing theories, it is especially pertinent to schema theory as well as Walter Kintsch's construction-integration (CI) theory in reading comprehension. The article thoroughly investigates the unified theory (as Kintsch defines), construction-integration theory in text comprehension, which is mainly based upon the comparison with and analysis of the applications of schema theory from the perspective of language reading comprehension. The author tries to work out and illustrate this model as an alternative approach to the schema-oriented models previously used to solve reading comprehension problems in language teaching and leaning.

大模型智能与安全研究综述

在探索人工智能领域的无限可能性中,大模型的出现标志着一次重大技术飞跃.大模型通过大规模预训练,掌握了语言的复杂结构和多样性,展现了前所未有的语境理解和任务适应能力.然而,它们的涌现能力、对大量计算资源的依赖,以及在多任务处理中可能产生的不良内容等问题,仍是当下研究的关键挑战.本文综述了大模型的发展历程和技术背景,并深入探讨了它们在基础通用理论、智能交互方法和安全防护策略方面的最新进展,为未来大模型的科学研究和技术应用提供指导.

安全化与互动协同理论视阈下的粤港澳大湾区突发公共卫生事件治理模式创新

近年来,针对区域突发公共卫生事件的安全治理所面临的一系列问题在理论层面的剖析在学术界引起广泛关注。本文从安全化与互动协同理论的视角探析当前粤港澳大湾区公共卫生协同治理存在的困境并尝试提出了相应的破局路径。通过“安全化”治理实施基本框架,分析目前大湾区存在五方面问题,并基于该地区特殊性提出“互动合作观念-多元参与施动-机制规范保障”的创新治理模式。对加快完善地区突发公共卫生应急体系、解决区域性疫情防控复杂情势、增强区域治理绩效,探索“一国两制”下多地一体化协作发展创新具有重要参考价值。

承认哲学视角下高校思想政治理论课“双主体交互模式”的现实境遇与路径探索

借助承认哲学的相关理论,探讨了高校思想政治理论课“双主体交互模式”的教学方式,解读了其中蕴含的承认意蕴,即主体承认、情感承认、价值承认和制度承认,分析了该教学模式在高校思想政治理论课教学现实境遇中所面临的承认失衡、承认虚无、承认遗忘和承认遮蔽等多重困境,并提出如何借鉴和利用承认哲学的相关理论来解决这些问题。具体而言,在理念层面,打造共同追求,厘清承认真伪;在认识层面,正视主体交往,树立承认观念;在过程层面,重视知行合一,彰显承认价值;在制度层面,完善参与机制,激活承认动力。

混合级联直流输电系统整流/逆变不同控制回路动态交互作用与稳定性研究

为了研究混合级联直流输电系统整流侧和逆变侧各换流器控制系统间的交互作用,文中首先建立混合级联直流输电系统的状态空间模型,并推导得到系统的多输入多输出传递函数模型。然后针对不同的研究目标,根据单通道分析设计理论建立等效单输入单输出反馈控制模型;在此基础上,分离出不同控制回路的耦合控制通道,定量评估系统强度、逆变侧交流联络线与控制参数等对控制回路间交互作用的影响。理论分析表明,当整流侧或逆变侧交流系统强度降低时,两侧控制回路间交互作用增强;当交流联络线长度缩短时,逆变侧电网换相换流器(line commutated converter,LCC)和模块化多电平变换器(multilevel modular converter,MMC)控制回路间的动态交互增强,各控制环节参数之间存在相互制约关系。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC上搭建混合级联直流输电系统的电磁暂态详细仿真模型,验证所建立单输入单输出反馈控制模型及上述理论分析结果的正确性。

基于Cox-IMCHB理论的健康行为互动模式在胆囊术后患者营养支持的应用

目的探讨基于Cox-IMCHB理论的健康行为互动模式对胆囊术后患者营养支持的影响。方法采用方便抽样法,选择2023年1-12月东莞市厚街医院普外科收治的胆囊术后住院患者100例为研究对象,其中1-6月就诊的胆囊术后患者50例为对照组,7-12月就诊的胆囊术后患者50例为干预组。对照组采用常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上给予基于Cox-IMCHB理论的健康行为互动模式。比较两组患者营养指标、炎症指标、胃肠道症状评分(Gastrointestinal Symptom Score,GIS)、胃肠生活质量指数评分(Gastrointestinal quality of life index,GIQLI)。结果干预组患者术后1个月营养指标数值皆高于对照组(t=2.358、-4.904、-4.960,均P<0.05),炎症指标数值皆高于对照组(t值为3.931、2.064、8.324,均P<0.05),GIS评分低于对照组(t=3.219,P<0.05),GIQLI总分及各维度评分均高于对照组(t=-7.984、-3.559、-7.118、-2.726、-2.905,P<0.05)。结论基于Cox-IMCHB理论的健康行为互动模式可有效改善胆囊术后患者的营养状态,减缓其炎症情况,改善其胃肠道症状及其生活质量。

Multifractal spectrum and spectral behavior of calcium and titanium isotopes based on nuclear shell model

We investigate the effect of valence space nucleons on the multifractal analysis(MFA)and spectral analysis of calcium and titanium isotopes.The multifractality of wavefunctions is characterized by its associated singularity spectrum f(α)and generalized dimension Dq.The random matrix theory(RMT)has been employed in the study of properties of the distribution of energy levels.In particular,we find that the number of nucleons and two-body residual interactions particularly affect the singularity and energy level spectra.