The role of forest culture in green construction and management of forest parks:merging knowledge-attitude-practice and theory of planned behavior

As a cultural concept refl ecting the relationship between humans and forests,forest culture plays an active role in sustainable forest management.Forest parks provide a wide range of ecosystem services essential for the sustainable development of society,and the relationships between forest culture,green construction and management of forest parks have practical signifi cance.This study aimed to understand the interaction and process of forest culture infl uencing green construction and management in forest parks with the models Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)and Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB)by proposing a theoretical model.Four hypotheses were tested using data collected from 193 forest park employees in Heilongjiang Province,China.Our results show that forest culture had a signifi cant infl uence on green construction and forest management.In addition,subjective norm and perceived behavioral control directly impacted behavior in green construction and management of the forest park,whereas attitude did not have an impact.Subjective norm had a direct eff ect on attitude.Results between constructs show that forest culture had an indirect eff ect on planning and construction,and on ecological and economic management.Consequently,it supported three of four hypotheses within the proposed model in determining the infl uence of forest culture on green construction and management.

Weld Joint Efficiency of the Kazakhstani Constructional Steel

In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the regulatory framework in construction based on Eurocodes has been in force since 2015. However, Kazakhstani produced steel has not been studied for compliance with the requirements of Eurocode 1993. This has resulted in limited use of Kazakhstani structural steel in construction. The feasibility of using structural steel in welded joints has been experimentally investigated. To verify the application of such joints in construction, including earthquake engineering, experimental studies of welded joints made of structural steel produced by Arcelor-Mittal in Temirtau have been carried out. In total, 7 types of structural steel of various thicknesses were selected. Five specimens have been used in each series of tests. The Brinell hardness values of the weld joint, yield strength of steel and tensile strength, relative rupture strain were determined. It was found that for all types of structural steel, the quality of weld joints complied with the requirements of Eurocode 1993—a sample rupture appeared along the plates (main body of the metal), not along the weld joints. It has been established that structural steel produced in the Republic of Kazakhstan fully complies with the requirements of Eurocode 1993. The studies on the dependence of Brinell hardness values of weld joint steel on the yield strength, tensile strength and relative rupture strain have been carried out. The correlation dependences between the values of yield strength of steel and tensile strength, relative rupture strain and BH Brinell hardness were studied. The results of work will allow for significantly increasing the use of Kazakhstani structural steel in seismic and conventional areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Geometrical characteristic investigation of the Baihetan irregular columnar jointed basalt and corresponding numerical reconstruction method

Columnar jointed rock mass with unique geometric and geological properties is one spectacular example of geometrical order in nature.Columnar joints are generally accepted to be formed by spatially uniform volume contraction during cooling.In this paper,substantial field work was performed to study the geological characteristics of irregular columnar jointed basalt on the left bank dam foundation in the Baihetan Hydropower Station,where the columnar jointed rock mass is extensively exposed due to excavation.The quantitative measurements of the sizing of polygonal crack pattern of columnar joints and assessment of their degree of irregularity were summarized.Considering the irregularity of polygonal crack pattern,a modified Voronoi polygon(MVP)method was developed to model the special polygonal crack pattern of columnar joints.The new polygonal pattern obtained by the MVP method consists of a large number of irregular polygons,of which the degree of irregularity is consistent with the field measurement results.This method can reproduce the rapid evolution from an initial ideal regular hexagonal pattern to a final actual irregular polygonal pattern as the degree of irregularity increases.The compression tests of columnar jointed rock mass with different irregularity show that the geometric irregularity has a great influence on its mechanical properties.This numerical construction method provides a reliable way to reconstruct columnar joint structure with specific polygonal crack pattern,which is consistent with onsite columnar jointed basalt.

Research on the Construction of Chinese National Park System Based on Sustainable Development Theory

To make full use of Chinese natural heritage resources and achieve their sustainable development, it is imperative and necessary to construct Chinese National Park System. Based on the theory of sustainable development and the connotation of national park, this paper will discuss the signifi cance of establishing Chinese National Park System and then propose some measures. Chinese National Park System can be constructed from four levels, including policy, management, economic and social levels, and through such ways as reconstructing the national conservation system, making laws and regulations, establishing planning system, setting up independent and specialized regulatory agency, adopting way of franchising, innovating funding investment mechanisms and establishing mechanisms of public participation.

Experimental study on aseismic behaviors of Chinese ancient tenon-mortise joint strengthened by CFRP

In order to well protect Chinese ancient buildings, aseismic behaviors of Chinese ancient tenon-mortise joints strengthened by carbon fibre reinforced plastic （CFRP） are studied by experiments. Based on the actual size of an ancient building, a wooden frame model with a scale of 1 ： 8 of the prototype structure is built considering the swallow-tail type of tenon-mortise connections. Low cyclic reversed loading tests are carried out including three groups of unstrengthened structures and two groups of structures strengthened with CFRP. Based on experimental data, moment-rotation angle hysteretic curves and skeleton curves for each joint are obtained. The energy dissipation capability, stiffness degradation and deformation performance of the joints before and after being strengthened are also analyzed. Results show that after being strengthened with CFRP, the tenon value pulled out of the mortise is reduced; the bending strength and the energy dissipation capabilities of the joint are enhanced; stiffness degradation of the joint is not obvious; and the deformation performance of the joint remains good. Thus, the CFRP has good effects on strengthening the tenon-mortise joints of Chinese ancient buildings.

A Tentative Study on the Combination of Site Protection and City Construction of Xi'an

The protection of relic sites helps determine the culture coordinate of a city or a region,and enhances its cultural image and status.Through analyzing the construction features and technical means of various ruins parks in Xi'an including Daming Palace National Heritage Park,Qujiangchi Ruins Park,Hanyao Ruins Park,Dacien Temple Ruins Park,Tang Dynasty City Wall Ruins Park,Emperor Qin Ⅱ Mausoleum Ruins Park and so on,a new model combining the site protection with city construction is presented.By integrating cultural relics preservation,heritage protection with innovation,a series of ruins parks processed with deep cultural connotation are constructed,which not only protects the relics and refreshes the city construction,but also well reflects the essence of traditional Chinese culture unique charm of ancient oriental civilization.The well combination of site protection and city construction improves the cultural image and status of the city,enhances the charm of public cultural space,promotes the development of heritage protection and secures more funds for urban and rural construction.

Butterfly Theme Park and Its Construction Pattern

Through analyzing development background and experience of butterfly theme tourism, this paper introduced basic concept, characteristics, significance, guiding ideology, principle and feasibility of butterfly theme park, as well as basic pattern and anticipative objectives of the butterfly theme park construction.

Design and Construction of Topographical Elements in Parks of Historical Relics

The protection and utilization of great historical sites mainly includes 4 modes,specifically,building the whole site into a park of historical relics;combining the site with the scenic area into a tourist site;building the site into a forest park;combining site protection with development of modern agriculture so as to build an agricultural park of historical and cultural relics.In this study,it was emphasized that landscape design of such parks should first be based on the protection of historical relics.Among all constructed parks of historical relics in China,Relics of Sweet Spring Palace,Tomb of the Military Marquis Zhuge Liang and Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor were taken as examples to demonstrate how large-scale topographical elements form the spatial pattern of garden landscapes;Ruins of the Old Summer Palace and the Park of Qujiang Pool Relics were taken to show how moderate-scale topographical elements form the spatial division of garden landscapes;by giving examples of micro-relief slope utilization,micro-relief stone and water layout,utilization of original reliefs and micro-relief functions,this study illustrated how such micro-scale topographical elements form landscape nodes in gardens,and specifically introduced functions of micro-relief,such as dividing and controlling spaces,creating aesthetic value,improving micro-climate and so on.Moreover,cases of terrain utilization and creation in classical western gardens were given,and masterworks of some modern western garden designers were borrowed and analyzed to find valuable concepts for designing parks of historical relics in China.

Numerical analysis of dislocations of the face slabs of the Zipingpu Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam during the Wenchuan earthquake

The Zipingpu Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam （CFRD） was obviously damaged during the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. A wide range of dislocations occurred along the horizontal construction joints at EL. 845m, between the face slabs constructed in the second and third stages. The maximum displacement of the dislocations reached 17cm. In this study, the slab dislocations were investigated using finite element （FE） analysis. The method based on strain potential was applied to compute the permanent deformation of the Zipingpu Dam during the Wenchuan earthquake. The calculated magnitude of the slab dislocation showed good agreements with the field measurements. The dislocation mechanism was discussed. The results show that the dislocation of the concrete slab is a subsequent damage after the permanent deformation of the rockfill materials. The effects of the shear strength and the direction of the construction joints, the reservoir water level and the seismic waves were studied. The shear strength and the direction of the construction joints, reservoir water level and have a significant effect on the dislocation displacement. The dislocation can be effectively reduced by measures such as changing the direction of the construction joints or improving the shear strength at the horizontal joints.

New Adhesive Material for Construction Joint of Tunnel Lining

The new adhesive material for the construction joints of tunnel lining(named as SZC) was studied based on the structural characteristics of interfaces and the characteristic of bonding construction, and the performance indexes were verified by tests. The experimental results show that the adhesive capability of interface is improved effectively by using SZC material, the properties, such as anti-freezing, erosion-resistance and anti-shrinkage are improved greatly as well as durability.

Cyclic Shear Tests on Key Connection Joints of Modularized Constructions

Modularized construction is a new type of prefabricated building system with green environmental protection and excellent performance. There are few studies on the seismic performance of its key connection joint. This paper presents a new type of assembled connection joint for the high-rise modularized construction. Cyclic shear tests of full-scale joints were carried out, and the key indexes of their seismic performances including the hysteretic performance, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed and obtained. The results show that the hysteresis loops of longitudinal and lateral cyclic shear tests were both plump in shapes. The ductility coefficients were 4.54 and 4.98, and the energy dissipation coefficients were 1.83 and 1.43, respectively. The test joint had good ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The positions of yield failure of specimens were mainly concentrated in the connection areas between the column and short beam or end-plate. The research can provide the technical reference for the seismic design and engineering application of related modularized constructions.

Preliminary Study on Program Setting Path of Park City Street Scene Construction

In the context of park city construction,urban street space system and scene construction are the most important forms of presentation of value transformation framework.Most of the outdoor activities of urban residents are completed in the urban street space which constitutes various scenes.Scene construction not only includes the material space as the carrier,but also includes the behaviors and activities of the participants and the time and path of “program setting”,as well as the opening and closing of events.Scene construction is an effective approach explored during the construction of the park city demonstration area,which is currently practicing the new development concept.However,there have been no reports on the specific theories,methods,processes,and systems of scene construction,especially for the lack of pattern summary and method induction for program setting in scene construction.Therefore,from the perspective of building a park city demonstration area that implements the new development concept,the paper discusses the concept,connotation,process and modularity of the program setting of street space scene construction,in order to provide certain theoretical basis for the scene construction and “value transformation” of park city street space system.

All-out Startup of Construction of Sino-Kuwait Integrated Refining/Petrochemical Joint Venture Project

On December 20,2016 the construction of the SinoKuwait Guangdong integrated refining/chemical join venture project,which is the largest Sinopec’s projec under construction and also the key construction project of Guangdong province,had been kicked off comprehensively.This project is located in the new district of the East Sea Island inside the Zhanjiang Economic Development

Large-scale model test study on the water pressure resistance of construction joints of karst tunnel linings

Model tests and numerical calculations were adopted based on the New Yuanliangshan tunnel project to investigate the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints in high-pressure and water-rich karst tunnels.A large-scale model test was designed and conducted,innovatively transforming the external water pressure of the lining construction joint into internal water pressure.The effects of the embedded position and waterstop type on the water pressure resistance of the construction joint were analyzed,and the reliability of the model test was verified via numerical calculations.The results show that using waterstops can significantly improve the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints.The water pressure resistance of the lining construction joint is positively correlated with the lining thickness and embedded depth of the waterstop.In addition,the type of waterstop significantly influences the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints.The test results show that the water pressure resistance of the embedded transverse reinforced waterstop is similar to that of the steel plate waterstop,and both have more advantages than the rubber waterstop.The water pressure resistance of the construction joint determined via numerical calculations is similar to the model test results,indicating that the model test results have high accuracy and reliability.This study provides a reference for similar projects and has wide applications.

Study on Planting Design of Yingfeng Lake National Wetland Park of Chongqing

Plant furnishing and landscape construction in wetland parks show particular properties. Plant resources in Yingfeng Lake National Wetland Park were investigated, plant furnishing patterns and landscape construction in different subareas of the park were explored and analyzed to provide a scientific and reasonable mode for the plant community construction and landscape design of wetland parks in Chongqing City.

Key technical innovations in the construction of Baihetan Hydropower Station Project

1 Project positioning Baihetan Hydropower Station is classified as the second of the four hydropower cascades in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River:Wudongde,Baihetan,Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba.As an important backbone project for China to implement the strategy of West-to-East Power Transmission and optimize the energy structure,it constitutes an important part of the Yangtze River flood control system.Located at the junction of Ningnan County,Sichuan Province and Qiaojia County,Yunnan Province,the hydropower station is the largest hydropower project under construction in the world,with a unit capacity of million-kilowatts ranking the highest in the world and a total installed capacity of 16 million kW,second only to the Three Gorges Project,ranking the second in the world.

国家公园生态产品价值实现的机制及模式——以神农架国家公园为例

探究生态产品价值实现的机制及模式是国家公园加快生态文明建设、推动“绿水青山”向“金山银山”转化的关键。构建了国家公园社会-经济-自然复合生态系统,分析国家公园生态产品特征并划分类别,以神农架国家公园试点为例,探究了国家公园生态产品价值的实现路径与机制,建立了国家公园生态产品价值实现模式。结果表明:(1)国家公园复合生态系统由社会、经济和自然生态系统构成,形成一个相互影响、相互关联的整体。(2)国家公园生态产品具有生物生产性、资源稀缺性、人类收益性、地域整体性、政策依赖性、利益平衡性等特征,识别与分类生态产品有助于复合生态系统的平稳运行与健康发展,进而实现生态产品价值。(3)国家公园生态产品总体分为公共性、准公共性和经营性三类,并由政府主导、社区主导、市场主导与多主体复合型路径组成的价值实现路径体系完成价值实现。(4)国家公园生态产品价值实现机制由生态保护机制、经济发展机制、社区进步机制和协调保障机制四部分构成,服务于生态保护、产业发展和社区振兴三个目标。(5)国家公园生态产品价值实现过程中存在一定问题,以生态保护为首要任务、旅游发展为实现路径、社区振兴为核心目标,构建神农架国家公园“生态保护-旅游发展-社区振兴”共生模式,并进一步提出生态产品价值实现的生态旅游模式,以协调处理神农架国家公园复合生态系统结构内的矛盾,实现国家公园生态产品价值的最大化。综上所述,丰富了生态产品价值实现理论,并为国家公园生态产品价值实现模式提供了重要的科学依据与决策参考。国家公园“生态保护-旅游发展-社区振兴”的共生模式以及国家公园生态产品实现的生态旅游模式,将为国家公园生态产品价值的实现提供更加全面与有效的路径与模式。

深化职业教育产教融合的关键是实现跨界组织实体化运作

深化产教融合是职业教育实现高质量发展的核心举措。改革开放以来,我国职业教育产教融合在政策牵引和实践演绎的相互作用下,展现了由松散到紧密、由浅层次到深层次的演变历程。但长期以来,产教“融而不合”、校企“跨而不实”的现实困境始终难以破题。伴随市域产教联合体、行业产教融合共同体等新型产教跨界组织的产生与发展,以制度突破为基本前提,推进跨界组织的实体化运作成为深化职业教育产教融合的关键。而实现这一点,需要跨界组织具有符合实际的组织结构、发挥实效的主导权力、约束有力的职责分工、稳定的利益共享机制、有效的激励保障政策,也需要多方主体协同有效的共建共治。

基于网格划分的老城区公园景观组合设计方法

为了提高景观配置效率,提出基于网格划分的老城区公园景观建设组合设计方法.数字影像内定向原始景观图像以生成正射影像模型,通过梯度分解提取边缘信息完成图像采样.结合空间区域特征匹配方程优化提取多维度景观数据,构建多维度景观图像的动态特征分布模型,在此基础上划分景观区域网格,并结合景观特征属性解析结果实现景观建设组合设计.通过城市公园的景观设计表明,所提方法能够有效提高景观配置效率,景观设计的规划效果较好.