White mulberry tree (Morus alba L) is cultivated throughout Asia and Europe, including Poland. The leaves and root bark preparations from Morus alba have been used in traditional phytomedicine. The objective of the pr...White mulberry tree (Morus alba L) is cultivated throughout Asia and Europe, including Poland. The leaves and root bark preparations from Morus alba have been used in traditional phytomedicine. The objective of the present study was to compare chemical composition and antioxidative activity of aqueous extracts prepared from Polish variety of Morus alba leaves at the laboratory (L) and pilot plant scale (PP) conditions. Proximate composition, phenolic acids profile (HPLC/MS), flavonol glicosides (HPLC/ MS), polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), and the antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH assay) of the extracts were determined. The main phenolic compounds were identified as gallic, protocatechuic, phydroxybenzoic, vanillic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids. Chlorogenic acid was the main phenolic constituent of both extracts. The flavonols fraction contained rutin, quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol 3-β-D- glucopyranoside. Total concentration of phenolic compounds were 7.9 g and 14.4 g gallic acid equivalent/100 g extract, and antioxidant activity was 137.1 and 214.1 μMol Trolox equivalent/g dry weight for the PP and L extracts, respectively. We concluded that current pilot plant process is less efficient than laboratory process at the aqueous extraction of bioactive components from Morus alba dried leaves. Potential improvements may include increasing efficacy of the extraction, decreasing losses of bioactive components during the process, or both.展开更多
This paper aimed to explore the correlation between Morus alba L. leaf node and its size or mass change and provide a theoretical basis for the development of scientific Morus alba L. cultivation technology. During 20...This paper aimed to explore the correlation between Morus alba L. leaf node and its size or mass change and provide a theoretical basis for the development of scientific Morus alba L. cultivation technology. During 2016-2017,the correlation between Morus alba L. leaf node and its size or mass change was investigated and researched. Results showed that through the correlation coefficient analysis,there was a weakly positive correlation between the leaf node and some indicators such as( leaf length ÷ leaf width) and petiole length,there was a weakly negative correlation between the leaf node and some indicators such as leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width) and leaf mass,and there was a weakly negative correlation between the leaf node and the other indicators; there was a highly positive correlation between the leaf mass and some indicators such as Morus alba L. leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width) and( leaf length × leaf width),there was a significantly positive correlation between the leaf mass and some indicators such as petiole transverse diameter in width and petiole mass,and there was a weakly positive correlation between the leaf mass and some indicators such as petiole transverse diameter in thickness. In terms of significant level of difference,it was found that there was no significant difference in the correlation coefficients between the leaf nodes on the Morus alba L. shoots and some indicators such as leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width) and leaf mass; there was an extremely significant difference in the correlation coefficients between the leaf mass and some indicators such as Morus alba L. leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width),petiole transverse diameter in width and petiole mass; there was no significant difference in the correlation coefficients between the leaf mass and the other indicators. The regression analysis was performed on the leaf node and leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width),( leaf length ÷ leaf width),petiole length,petiole diameter in width,petiole diameter in thickness,petiole mass and leaf mass. Significance F values were0. 4864,0. 1995,0. 2888,0. 3004,0. 2350,0. 2407,0. 8925,0. 5227,0. 7022 and 0. 2000,respectively,that is,there was an extremely significant difference between Morus alba L. leaf node and petiole diameter in width,there was a significant difference between Morus alba L.leaf node and petiole mass,and there was no significant difference between Morus alba L. leaf node and the other indicators. The comparative analysis of quadratic curve regression equation and linear regression equation was performed on some indicators such as leaf length,and it was found that the R value between the leaf node and petiole diameter in width was in line with the logarithmic curve regression equation,and the other R values of quadratic curve regression equation was larger than the other R values of linear regression equation,indicating that different Morus alba L. leaf nodes,leaf length,leaf mass and other indicators were in line with the quadratic curve regression equation. It was concluded that by investigating the leaf node on the Morus alba L. shoots and regression equation,we could predict the leaf size,leaf mass and other indicators,and we could take the leaf node on the Morus alba L. shoots as a main factor affecting the Morus alba L. leaf size and mass.展开更多
文摘White mulberry tree (Morus alba L) is cultivated throughout Asia and Europe, including Poland. The leaves and root bark preparations from Morus alba have been used in traditional phytomedicine. The objective of the present study was to compare chemical composition and antioxidative activity of aqueous extracts prepared from Polish variety of Morus alba leaves at the laboratory (L) and pilot plant scale (PP) conditions. Proximate composition, phenolic acids profile (HPLC/MS), flavonol glicosides (HPLC/ MS), polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), and the antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH assay) of the extracts were determined. The main phenolic compounds were identified as gallic, protocatechuic, phydroxybenzoic, vanillic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids. Chlorogenic acid was the main phenolic constituent of both extracts. The flavonols fraction contained rutin, quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol 3-β-D- glucopyranoside. Total concentration of phenolic compounds were 7.9 g and 14.4 g gallic acid equivalent/100 g extract, and antioxidant activity was 137.1 and 214.1 μMol Trolox equivalent/g dry weight for the PP and L extracts, respectively. We concluded that current pilot plant process is less efficient than laboratory process at the aqueous extraction of bioactive components from Morus alba dried leaves. Potential improvements may include increasing efficacy of the extraction, decreasing losses of bioactive components during the process, or both.
基金Supported by Achievement Cultivation and Talent Training Project of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences[Qian Nong Ke Yuan CR He Zi(2014)52]
文摘This paper aimed to explore the correlation between Morus alba L. leaf node and its size or mass change and provide a theoretical basis for the development of scientific Morus alba L. cultivation technology. During 2016-2017,the correlation between Morus alba L. leaf node and its size or mass change was investigated and researched. Results showed that through the correlation coefficient analysis,there was a weakly positive correlation between the leaf node and some indicators such as( leaf length ÷ leaf width) and petiole length,there was a weakly negative correlation between the leaf node and some indicators such as leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width) and leaf mass,and there was a weakly negative correlation between the leaf node and the other indicators; there was a highly positive correlation between the leaf mass and some indicators such as Morus alba L. leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width) and( leaf length × leaf width),there was a significantly positive correlation between the leaf mass and some indicators such as petiole transverse diameter in width and petiole mass,and there was a weakly positive correlation between the leaf mass and some indicators such as petiole transverse diameter in thickness. In terms of significant level of difference,it was found that there was no significant difference in the correlation coefficients between the leaf nodes on the Morus alba L. shoots and some indicators such as leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width) and leaf mass; there was an extremely significant difference in the correlation coefficients between the leaf mass and some indicators such as Morus alba L. leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width),petiole transverse diameter in width and petiole mass; there was no significant difference in the correlation coefficients between the leaf mass and the other indicators. The regression analysis was performed on the leaf node and leaf length,leaf width,( leaf length + leaf width),( leaf length × leaf width),( leaf length ÷ leaf width),petiole length,petiole diameter in width,petiole diameter in thickness,petiole mass and leaf mass. Significance F values were0. 4864,0. 1995,0. 2888,0. 3004,0. 2350,0. 2407,0. 8925,0. 5227,0. 7022 and 0. 2000,respectively,that is,there was an extremely significant difference between Morus alba L. leaf node and petiole diameter in width,there was a significant difference between Morus alba L.leaf node and petiole mass,and there was no significant difference between Morus alba L. leaf node and the other indicators. The comparative analysis of quadratic curve regression equation and linear regression equation was performed on some indicators such as leaf length,and it was found that the R value between the leaf node and petiole diameter in width was in line with the logarithmic curve regression equation,and the other R values of quadratic curve regression equation was larger than the other R values of linear regression equation,indicating that different Morus alba L. leaf nodes,leaf length,leaf mass and other indicators were in line with the quadratic curve regression equation. It was concluded that by investigating the leaf node on the Morus alba L. shoots and regression equation,we could predict the leaf size,leaf mass and other indicators,and we could take the leaf node on the Morus alba L. shoots as a main factor affecting the Morus alba L. leaf size and mass.
