Dynamic simulations of the late MIS 3 transgressions in the East China Sea and southern Yellow Sea,China

Abundant evidences of higher sea levels from Jiangsu and Fujian coasts have proved a marine transgression event during 30–40 ka BP, suggesting that there was a stage with high sea level and a warm climate when ice sheets shrank in the Northern Hemisphere. The duration of 30–40 ka BP spanned a period in the late Marine Isotope Stage 3（MIS 3） and was in nature an interstadial epoch during the Last Glacial period of the Quaternary. Different from the glacial period with a cold climate, this marine transgression considered as a penultimate higher sea level during the Quaternary remains a puzzle that why the evidence is contrary to the Quaternary glacial theory. It is important to understand sea level rise for these areas sensitively responding to the global changes in the future. To recognize the key issues on sea level changes, the eustatic sea level（H_S） was defined as the glaciation-climateforced sea levels, and the relative sea level change（H_R） was defined as that a sea level record was preserved in sediment that experienced multiple secondary actions of land and sea effects. On the basis as defined above, we constructed multi-level models of climate-driven glacio-eustatic changes and land-sea systems. By integrating data sets from eight borehole cores and prescribing the boundary conditions, we simulated the changes of HS and HR in the East China Sea and southern Yellow Sea areas in the late MIS 3. The marine transgression strata from the borehole core data was identified at ca. 30 m below present sea level as a result of the collective influence of ice melting water, neotectonic subsidence, sediment compaction and terrestrial sediment filling since ca. 35 ka ago,whereas the simulated relative sea-levels turned out to be –26.3––29.9 m a.s.l. The small error involved in the simulation results of ±（2.5–4.5） m demonstrated the credibility of the results. Our results indicated that sea level change in the late MIS 3 was dominated by glacial effects, in which the eustatic sea-level was between –19.2––22.1m a.s.l. The study sheds light on the nature of sea-level changes along the east coast of China in the late MIS 3 and contributes to understanding the characteristics of marine transgression under the effects of multiple complex land-sea interactions.

MIS3晚期东亚季风强度和DO事件年龄

基于神农架山宝洞石笋(SB46)的9个230Th年龄和326个氧同位素数据,建立了末次冰期32.2～26.7kaB.P.和17.0～15.4kaB.P.的东亚季风降水序列。该序列和同一洞穴全新世石笋记录的对比发现,在MIS3晚期东亚季风区可能存在极强夏季风降水事件,相当于全新世季风强度,可能与岁差旋回太阳辐射及海陆水汽潜热释放增强有关。与葫芦洞石笋δ18O记录和格陵兰冰芯δ18O记录对比表明,东亚夏季风千年尺度气候振荡与高北纬地区海-气快速重组存在遥相关效应。山宝洞石笋年龄与葫芦洞石笋和格陵兰冰芯时标(SS09sea)在定年误差范围内基本一致,但山宝洞石笋与冰芯记录在DO事件的年龄、波形和持续时间上更为一致,不仅进一步说明了低纬季风气候与极地气温同步变化,而且有效地弥补了葫芦洞记录在这一时段的不足。

黔西南雾露洞石笋记录的MIS3晚期亚洲季风变化和南北极气候的联系

基于贵州雾露洞石笋(WU3)9个230 Th年龄和1 317个氧同位素数据,建立了39.1～29.2kaBP平均分辨率为10a的亚洲夏季风强度变化序列,揭示了深海氧同位素3阶段(MIS3)晚期千年—百年尺度亚洲夏季风演变过程。雾露洞和葫芦洞石笋δ18 O记录在重叠时段具有很好的重现性,表明石笋δ18 O记录可反映大尺度区域性季风环流特征。雾露洞记录与格陵兰冰心δ18 O记录对比表明,千年—百年尺度季风突变事件频率与高北纬气温呈现较好的相似性,表明低纬季风与北极气候存在遥相关。在事件结构及转型模式上,雾露洞记录与南极EDML冰心δ18 O在反相位关系下呈现出细节上的一致性,反映亚洲季风可能受到南半球气候因素的影响,其机制可能是南大洋潜热释放通过越赤道气流影响了亚洲季风强度的变化。亚洲季风和南极温度的反相位关系进一步证实南北半球气候在千年—百年尺度上响应"see-saw"模式。

MIS-3晚期以来乌伦古湖古湖相沉积记录的初步研究

通过对现代乌伦古湖附近出露的古湖相沉积剖面的AMS^(14)C测年,粒度、总有机碳、总有机氮以及碳酸盐等环境代用指标的分析及其与全新世钻孔沉积记录的对比研究,结果发现:乌伦古湖在MIS-3晚期的33600-22500 cal a BP以及冰后期至早中全新世的16500-6500 cal a BP期间,维持着湖相沉积环境,湖面约比现在湖面高40 m.33600-22500 cal a BP的MIS-3晚期,气候相对温暖,乌伦古湖呈现高湖面特征,湖泊沉积物来源以流水搬运为主;22500-16500 cal a BP的末次冰期冰盛期,气候寒冷干燥,湖泊沉积物来源以风力搬运为主;16500-6500 cal a BP的冰后期以及早、中全新世期间,气候回暖,湖泊沉积物主要来源于河流径流作用.6500-5500 cal a BP,受高温干旱事件的影响,湖面收缩、水位剧降,除沉积中心外的其它钻孔位置出现沉积中断.5500 cal a BP后气候转冷变湿,湖泊重新恢复到现在的状态.乌伦古湖MIS-3晚期以来的古湖相沉积环境变化及其反映的古气候万年尺度上的干湿变化与周边区域气候环境变化记录有很好的一致性,响应了区域环境变化和全球气候突变事件.季风和西风的强度消长变化及其引起的环流条件改变以及温度变化引起的蒸发效应可能是区域气候环境变化的主要原因.这一古湖相沉积记录的研究可为MIS-3晚期以来北疆地区的古湖泊演化以及长时间尺度上西风和季风环流相互关系及其影响区的气候环境演化提供地质证据.

Diet breadth and mortality patterns from Laoya Cave： A primary profile of MIS 3/2 hunting strategies in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southwest China

Laoya Cave is a long-term occupation site of Late Paleolithic humans in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southwest China, where abundant lithic, bone materials were recovered. Dating by the AMS technique showed a significant depositional process during marine isotope stage(MIS) 3/2. In this study, the species spectrum was presented from the perspective of zooarchaeology and the mortality profile of large Cervidae was examined to help increase our understanding of the subsistence strategy of local people dealing with climate and environmental changes. The main part of the diet was focused on large Cervidae, and the dominance of Ungulates indicates effective management of the cave and local fauna. On the other hand, the mortality profiles of large Cervidae varied correspondingly with climate change. The evidence indicates a specialized hunting strategy that was also flexible, depending on the prevailing climate and environment.

福建莲花池山旧石器遗址孢粉记录的古环境初步分析

莲花池山旧石器遗址位于福建省漳州市,是我国东南沿海地区一处重要的旧石器时代遗址。在2005～2006年的考古发掘中揭露出一个包含有砖红土及网纹红土的地层剖面,在其中的3个石英砾石夹层中出土数百件石制品。光释光测年数据表明古人类在该遗址的活动时间大致在60～26kaB.P.,对应深海氧同位素3阶段(MIS 3)。孢粉分析结果表明,古人类活动时期气候温暖湿润,植被面貌属于亚热带针阔混交林植被面貌,林下生长有丰富的蕨类植物,在这一良好的生态背景下,古人类活动频繁。遗址石器工业面貌是以刮削器为主的小型石器技术类型。这种以小型石片石器为主的特征不同于该地区旧石器时代早期以砍砸器为主的大型砾石石器工业传统,是我国南方地区MIS 3阶段开始广泛出现的技术特征。MIS 3阶段是寒冷干燥的末次冰期中一个温暖湿润的"间冰阶",该阶段全球范围内古人类技术出现明显变化,遗址显著增多,人类活动范围扩大。莲花池山的研究结果显示,气候环境转变是南方地区技术传统改变的一个重要影响因素,但南方地区多样化的区域小生境也提示这一文化传统的变革也可能由其他因素引起。

High lake levels on Alxa Plateau during the Late Quaternary

Field investigations including lake shoreline measurement and 14 C chronology have been carried out on the Alxa Plateau to better understand the formation and evolution of the high lake levels in northwest China during the late Pleistocene.Comprehensive field investigations show that there are at least ten shorelines at different elevations at Juyan Lake,at least four on the northwest side of the Jilantai Salt Lake,and nine shorelines and one terrace on the northeast margin of Zhuye Lake.Stratigraphic correlations and chronological evidence indicate that the paleo-lakes have the highest lake levels in Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3.Though the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) results which have been reported by some scholars do not support this view,the fact that the paleo-lakes have the highest lake levels in MIS 3 can not be denied.Differences between OSL and 14 C results from this work might indicate that high lake levels existed on the Alxa Plateau during two different periods.It also suggests that the high lake levels may exist in both MIS 5 and early MIS 3.This paper also provides the basic hydrological information for further water resources research in this arid region.

苏北平原龙冈LG孔晚第四纪地层与环境演化记录

通过研究已经获得的苏北平原龙冈LG孔岩芯野外描述、照片、粒度、14C测年、有孔虫、孢粉、重矿物等原始测试分析数据,并参考邻区发表成果和该区新近补充的资料数据,再分析和讨论了LG孔的地层层序、年代框架和环境演化记录等内容。结果表明:(1)LG孔34.8 m岩芯保存了MIS 4以来沉积环境演化记录,先后经历了河漫滩、河湖相洪泛平原(第二硬黏土层)、较开放潮滩的潮间带和潮下带、较开放潮滩的潮下带、较开放潮滩的潮间带和潮上带下部、河湖相洪泛平原(第一硬黏土层)、潮上带滨海沼泽和海岸沙堤等一系列环境演化过程,其中潮滩环境的MIS 3海侵层发育;(2)西冈贝壳沙堤龙冈段的全新统厚度很薄,一般在10 m以内,由于LG孔可见两个硬黏土层,应位于古河间地而非下切古河谷区,且以其第一硬黏土层顶面作为全新统底界更为合理,故原报道该孔全新统厚达25 m难以成立;(3)老于末次冰盛期的常规和加速器14C测年数据皆存在着不同程度的误差和不确定性,加之淤泥和钙质结核等测年材料易受污染等,故LG孔第二硬黏土层中的2个14C测年数据明显偏年轻,皆不宜用于解释地层年代。