The Legal Logic in the Practice of Poverty Reduction in Rural China in the One Hundred Years Since the Founding of the Communist Party of China

Three major poverty reduction models have successively been adopted in the poverty control led by the Communist Party of China(CPC),namely reliefbased poverty alleviation,which focused on adjusting the production factors of land,development-driven poverty alleviation,and targeted poverty alleviation.In the process,the target of finding a rational position for the principal function of poverty alleviation has been gradually realized:the approach of poverty alleviation has gradually adjusted from micro to macro,from direct to indirect;while the management has transformed from mobilization-based to rule-of-law based.Rules that link policies and laws,as well as a rule-of-law model of the poverty reduction of a developing country that is led by party committees and governments,has been formed,and an illustrative sample of poverty control has been created,which provides experience based knowledge to the anti-poverty practices in developing countries.In the future,it is necessary to further realize the protection of the rights of the people in comparative poverty and the proceduralization of poverty reduction administrative behaviors,as well as to formulate a unified "Poverty Reduction Law" when the time is ripe,to protect the rights of the people in comparative poverty in the post-poverty-alleviation era.

The Human Rights Legislation Practices of the Communist Party of China During the War of Liberation

During the War of Liberation,the liberated areas,under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,kept deepening and developing the concepts and ideas of protecting human rights,promulgated a series of human rights laws and related administrative programs,and put them into practice.The contents included not only the political rights of citizens but also their economic,social,and cultural rights,with emphasis on the protection of the rights to subsistence and development.The human rights legislation in the liberated areas has a wartime and class-based nature due to its social environment.It reflects the transition of the Communist Party of China from a revolutionary party to a ruling party on the historical stage.It played an important role in directing,advancing,and promoting the progress of democracy and the rule of law at that time and accumulated experience for the human rights legislation after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.History proves that the Communist Party of China has always been a political party dedicated to fighting for the human rights of the Chinese people,and only the Communist Party of China can lead China’s human rights development to a deeper level.

The Centenary of the CPC: Leading the Times by Grasping the Laws and Trends of Historical Development

Discussions on grasping the laws and trends of historical development take a fundamental theoretical position in the scientific system of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.Xi Jinping’s important statements have systematically answered such questions as what type of laws and trends of historical development should be followed,how did the Party follow the laws and trends of historical development in its centennial history,and how should the laws and trends of historical development be followed in a new era.The birth of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the victory of China’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the founding of the People’s Republic of China,and the unveiling of a new era for reform and opening up and socialism with Chinese characteristics are all the results of grasping the laws and trends of historical development.Over the past century,the Party has followed the laws and trends of historical development and continuously advanced the sinicization of Marxism on the basis of adhering to the unification between truth and values.In pursuit of“putting people first,”the Party has courageously been reforming itself and made relentless progress in the great endeavor of Party building.History shows that a keen appreciation of the laws and trends of historical development is an important sign of political maturity for a proletarian party.Only by applying Marxism according to current times and conditions will we keep abreast with the laws and trends of historical development.We should establish a broader concept of history and identify the laws and trends of historical development from the interactions and linkages between China and the rest of the world.We must recognize and promote the outstanding role of great leaders in steering the country in line with the laws and trends of historical development.

中国式现代化的党章基础

党章以一种从根本上体现中国共产党国家建设观念的方式,为中国式现代化构建逻辑完整的规范链条提供了充分有效的制度保障。党章通过实现人的全面发展与现代化道路的同构共进、表达党领导国家发展的价值理性、坚持系统均衡的发展理念,集中彰显中国式现代化的政治愿景。党章中的发展原则规范、社会主义文化建设规范、社会主义生态文明建设规范、外交规范等,与中国式现代化的基本特征、本质要求相呼应。以相关理念内容为基础,党章主要通过对规范体系的统领与指引、对治理体系的塑造与影响,确保中国式现代化在党的领导下扎实推进。

二十届三中全会《决定》中的“法”字及其语义价值分析

二十届三中全会《决定》中共出现130个“法”字,从语言学、语义学的角度来看,其分布状态、出现频次、组词形式等所表达的政策信息却不尽相同。结合十八届三中全会《决定》、十八届四中全会《决定》、党的十九大报告和二十大报告中“法”字出现的规律和特征可以看出,一些重要法律术语或法治熟语在二十届三中全会《决定》的缺失可能具有一定政策解读上的意义。从语言学现象的角度对二十届三中全会《决定》中关于全面依法治国的具体规定的深度解读,这种全新的解读方法对于准确把握《决定》起草目的,全面和系统地领悟《决定》精神实质具有很好的学术启发价值和实践引导作用。

中国式现代化进程中执政权的复合逻辑

在中国式现代化的语境下,立足于与传统执政权力视角有别的法理逻辑,执政权可视为认知和解释“党的领导与执政”的元概念,包含权利、权力和权威三重复合要素。作为法学概念的执政权,正当性基础来自事实性权威、规范性权力和价值性权利。以此为基础,执政权相应的义务要求,与“权利—权力”“权利—权威”“权力—权威”的复合逻辑一道,共同型构了执政权的复合性法治逻辑,并通过与“坚持党的领导”“依法执政”“党必须遵守宪法和法律”在理念、规范、实践层面的勾连,嵌入全面依法治国的制度化表达之中,最终得以建立起全新的执政权法治理论体系。

从“三大规律”的高度深刻把握“五个必由之路”

“五个必由之路”是中国共产党在遵循历史规律基础上对新时代治国理政实践做出的科学研判,是我们党掌握历史主动、推进复兴伟业的“核心密码”,升华了马克思主义中国化时代化的新境界。“五个必由之路”与中国共产党执政规律相契合,不仅深刻拓展了对社会主义建设规律的认识,而且在顺应人类社会发展规律的原则下,为人类文明多样性提供了一个鲜活样本。在“三大规律”中深刻把握“五个必由之路”,是学习领会其逻辑内涵与核心要义的应有之义。

“党管金融”的法治内涵

观察和理解中国金融市场法律治理进程不应脱离中国共产党这一重要的政治因素。改革开放四十余年以来的中国金融法治实践表明,中国共产党事实上扮演了一个全方位的治理者角色,而不仅仅是在宏观层面领导金融立法。我国金融市场法律治理活动中,党的“在场”强化了金融法律制度实施的正当性基础,并且最终丰富了金融市场治理模式的形态,提升了金融市场法律治理的现实效能。总体来看,中国共产党发挥了各项治理机制的功能优势,实现了“依规治党”与“依法治国”的彼此支持与互相成就,也弥补了我国金融市场基础法律规则不完备而带来的制度缺陷。展望未来,有待进一步完善的工作包括:将目前已行之有效的习惯做法进行必要的成文化和制度化;协调好中国特色政治体制下党的领导与金融市场法律治理一般规律之间的关系;力求以法治手段对转型期金融市场不同利益团体的诉求进行积极引导与约束,扎实金融领域反腐工作的制度基础。

包容性法治:中国共产党自我革命的法治特征及效能提升

党的二十大首次对“完善党的自我革命制度规范体系”作出专门部署,为中国共产党始终在法治轨道上稳步推进自我革命提供了制度保障。中国共产党在推进自我革命过程中,通过整合包容党内法规制度、国家法律、党的纪律、党的优良传统和工作惯例等规范形式和内容,构建起由党章及其下设的党的领导制度规范、党和国家组织制度规范、党的自身建设制度规范、党和国家监督保障制度规范四大板块组成的制度规范体系。“包容性法治”框架下的自我革命实现了不同治理规范、治理主体、治理内容的包容,确立起全面整合、多元协同的法治秩序。这可从提升自我革命的制度协同性、体系融贯性、系统调适性等方面持续努力。

党的二十大精神融入高职思想道德与法治课程的三维探赜

党的二十大精神和高职思想道德与法治课程具有本质属性的一致性、价值目标的契合性、教学内容的相融性。加快推进党的二十大精神融入高职思想道德与法治课程,是贯彻落实党的教育方针、推进思想道德与法治课程改革创新、培育高素质技能人才的应有之义。在融入的过程中要把握融入的实践路径,打造高质量思政课师资队伍,丰富教学手段,精用教学话语,构建实践场域,推动高职思政课教学高质量发展,培育担当历史重任的时代新人。

论中国共产党在金融市场立法中的领导地位

中国共产党对于金融立法工作的领导地位在宏观层面主要表现为党的政策所提供的方向性指针,从而保障了我国金融市场法制的奠基,推进了金融立法的关键事项,并为金融市场法律体系的结构转换提供了政策依据。不仅如此,近年来党的意志在我国金融立法工作中的体现经历了从隐性到显性的转变趋势,这一显性化过程既反映在金融法律文本或官方立法文件之中,也反映在党政联合发文之中。回顾既往,党的领导原则在我国金融立法工作中的实效性体现,一方面是党通过顶层设计实现了对金融法律制度变迁的有效引导,另一方面则是党利用其独特的政治优势通过凝聚改革共识来降低金融法律制度变迁的社会成本。在新时代背景下,为完善党对金融立法工作的领导机制,有必要探索制度化、程序化、透明化的有效制度设计,在全面依法治国总目标下维持金融市场法治环境的稳定、高效和可预期。

习近平关于历史主动精神重要论述的三维向度

历史主动精神是中国共产党在充分尊重和把握历史发展客观规律及党情国情世情的基础上,带领中国人民充分发挥主观能动性,踔厉奋发、勇毅前行,主动开创理论与实践创新新境界的宝贵精神品质。习近平关于历史主动精神的重要论述,有着深厚的理论根源、历史指引、文化土壤和现实基础,深刻阐明了历史主动精神中蕴含的人民至上的价值理念、自觉自信的精神状态、守正创新的创造精神和牢记使命的担当品质。新征程上,贯彻落实好习近平关于历史主动精神重要论述,需要进一步在遵循历史规律中掌握历史主动、在总结历史经验中坚持自我革命、在把握历史机遇中应对风险挑战、在明晰历史启示中培育时代新人,为实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦凝心聚力。

党的二十大精神融入思想政治理论课教学研究——以“思想道德与法治”课为例

“思想道德与法治”课是日常生活的映射载体,党的二十大精神融入其中具有内在契合性、现实指导性和未来引领性,可以激发青年爱国热情、增强对未来的冀望。党的二十大精神融入“思想道德与法治”课教学需遵循思想政治工作规律、教学育人规律和学生思想成长规律,才能系好青年学子入学后的第一颗扣子。

党的二十大精神中的法治要义融入高校思想政治理论课的多维路径

阐明了党的二十大精神中的法治要义融入高校思想政治理论课的价值意蕴。从内容要点、核心要求、关键要素三个层面分析了法治要义与思想政治理论课教学之间深刻的内在逻辑,从而构建了党的二十大精神中的法治要义深度融入高校思政课的内容体系、目标体系和保障体系。从加强规范性、探索渗透性与发展多样性三个维度提出了党的二十大精神中的法治要义在高校思想政治理论课教学实践中有机融入的路径与方法。

Some Thoughts and Recommendations for Stepping up Legislation in the Foreign- Related Field

Stepping up legislation in the foreign-related field is a foundation and prerequisite for advancing the rule of law in domestic and foreign-related affairs in a coordinated manner.It is also an important link in the promotion of the socialist legal system with the Constitution as the core,as proposed in the Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Since China introduced the reform and openingup policy in 1978,China's legal system in the foreign-related field has evolved from initial formulation to mature framework,and China's legislation in the foreignrelated field has maintained distinct Chinese characteristics and contemporary features.Currently,China's legislation in the foreign-related field focuses on national security and on high-level opening-up.It continuously strengthens the connection of the rule of law in domestic affairs with that in international affairs,and consistently promotes the China's legal system of extraterritorial application.Furthermore,legislation in the foreign-related field in China still has issues to address,which includethe inconclusive status of international treaties within the legal system,a relatively conservativeedomestic approach in exercising extraterritorial jurisdiction,and a limited scope of legal liability.To better respond to the need of legislation in building a human community with a shared future and to enhance China's right to international legal discourse in global governance,China needs to move faster to introduce the Law on Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China.This law shouldreflectthebasicpositions,principles,and policies that China upholds in matters of foreign relations,as highlighted in the Report to the 20th CPC National Congress.Furthermore,Chinashould continue to improve legislation in keyareas of national security and increase the preexisting punitive measures for responding to actions that harm national security both domestically and internationally.Legislation should also be strengthened to counter sanctions and interference,and supporting measures should be adopted to ensure the effect of relevant legislation.In the field of foreign economic and trade relations,China should incorporate highstandard international economic and trade rules in relevant legislations,and should legalize the replicable and promotable legal rules in the building of free trade zones.Additionally,the existing jurisdictional system and international commercial dispute resolutionsystem shoulddbe promoted.

中国特色社会主义宪法学话语体系论纲

中国特色社会主义宪法学话语体系在中国特色社会主义宪法学学科体系、学术体系、话语体系的构建中处于重要地位,甚至体现着中国宪法学研究的政治方向和学术高度。构建中国特色社会主义宪法学话语体系的关键在于凸显中国宪法学的中国特质,将中国宪法学有别于西方宪法学之处以科学方式予以表达。构建中国特色社会主义宪法学话语体系应遵循特定路径,包括围绕党的领导阐明中国宪法问题的特殊性,坚持“两个结合”,坚持问题导向,以提升中国特色社会主义宪法学话语体系的影响力和竞争力。中国特色社会主义宪法学话语体系主要由核心话语、基本话语和具体话语构成,在构建话语体系时,应根据话语本身在宪法学研究中的地位安排研究重点。

深刻领会党的二十大精神勇担国际法学人的历史使命

党的二十大报告第一次将“涉外法治”“国际法”写入中国共产党全国代表大会报告,要求统筹推进国内法治和涉外法治,坚定维护以国际法为基础的国际秩序,彰显了中国共产党更加重视发挥国际法的作用。党的二十大报告对教育、法治与安全所作的重大战略部署要求加强国际法的运用与塑造。党的二十大报告赋予中国国际法学人三大历史使命:一是构建国际法人才自主培养体系,因此需要尽快恢复国际法本科教育,形成国际法本科—硕士—博士—博士后全链条人才培养体系。二是建构中国自主国际法知识体系,因此需要设立国际法一级学科。三是提高国际传播与斗争能力,因此需要打通国际法理论生产与话语传播,通过理论性话语生产、时事性话语斗争、规则性话语输出、沟通性话语调适来提高国际传播与斗争能力。

历史经验与现实选择:在法治轨道上推进中国式现代化

世界各国的历史经验表明,现代化是多层面的社会变迁过程,具有整体性、持续性和阶段性的特征,而法治是实现现代化的制度保障。中国在革命、建设、改革的百年实践中,总结出的历史经验是“坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一”。在实现第二个百年奋斗目标的新征程上,建设中国特色社会主义法治体系,是实现中国式现代化的重要内容,同时,以法治推进全过程人民民主,以法治保障人民分享现代化红利,依规治党实现党的自我革命,是实现中国式现代化的基本保障。

改革开放以来中国共产党对马克思主义法与科技理论的创新

马克思和恩格斯认为,科学技术对社会经济发展有很大的促进作用,影响着法律制度的产生、发展和变革。同时,科技发展产生的一些问题也需要法律规范加以调整,从而更好利用法律法规来促进科技保障民众的基本需求。改革开放以来,尤其是党的十八大以来,党依据中国特色社会主义建设的实际情况,在中国特色社会主义建设的实践中积极探索科学技术与法律法规、社会发展的互动规律。与此同时,党也强调要加强科技立法和科技体制改革,用法律法规和制度推动科学技术的发展,从而保障科学技术成果更好地造福于人民。

“关键少数”在法治建设中的重要意义探析——从中国法治道路的基本逻辑切入

“关键少数”是推动中国法治建设的“第一粒扣子”,全面依法治国,必须抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”,它的重要意义由中国法治道路的基本逻辑决定。不同于以个人为目的的西方法治,中国法治道路的发生是以国家为目的,重在国家和民族的总体目标。不同于西方法治建立在意志的对抗关系之上,中国法治强调党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,并在意志的统一关系中实现权力制约和国家目的。这种法治模式表现为自上而下、自下而上双向互动的党政推进型法治,进而也是一种带领型法治,它必然强调“关键少数”的法治带领和法治模范作用。“关键少数”的模范作用契合了中国古代德治的秩序形式,因此,通过“关键少数”率先垂范,以身作则,还可进一步实现法治与德治的紧密结合。