Mid-term survival of the Optimys short stem: A prospective case series of 500 patients

BACKGROUND In recent years,there has been an increase in the number of total hip arthroplasty procedures in the younger patient population.This active group has higher expectations of their prosthesis in comparison to the older population,and there is a greater physical demand for the prosthesis.Short femoral stems were in-troduced to retain proximal bone stock and joint biomechanics and became more common to implant in this specific population.Currently,the long-term survival and functional outcomes of various short stems are still being investigated in different clinics.AIM To determine the 5-year survival of the Optimys hip stem.METHODS This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of 500 patients conducted in two hospitals in the Netherlands.All patients received the Optimys short stem(Mathys Ltd,Bettlach,Switzerland).The primary outcome measure was survival of the hip stem,with revision as the endpoint.The secondary outcome measurements included patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs).Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate the 5-year survival rate.Log-minus-log transformation was performed to calculate the 95%confidence interval(95%CI).Mixed model analyses were performed to assess the course of the PROMs during the 1st 2 years after surgery.Analyses were modeled separately for the 1st and 2nd years to calculate the yearly change in PROMs during both follow-up periods with accompanying 95%CIs.RESULTS The mean age of the total 500 patients was 62.3 years(standard deviation:10.6)and 202 were male(40%).At a median follow-up of 5.5 years(interquartile range:4.5-6.7),7 patients were deceased and 6 revisions were registered,for infection(n=3),subsidence(n=2)and malposition(n=1).This resulted in an overall 5-year survival of 98.8%(95%CI:97.3-99.5).If infection was left out as reason for revision,a stem survival of 99.4%(95%CI:98.1-99.8)was seen.Baseline questionnaires were completed by 471 patients(94%),317 patients(63%)completed the 1-year follow-up questionnaires and 233 patients(47%)completed the 2-year follow-up.Both outcome measures significantly improved across all domains in the 1st year after the operation(P<0.03 for all domains).In the 2nd year after surgery,no significant changes were observed in any domain in comparison to the 1-year follow-up.CONCLUSION The Optimys stem has a 5-year survival of 98.8%.Patient-reported outcome measures increased significantly in the 1st postoperative year with stabilization at the 2-year follow-up.

Current concepts on osteonecrosis of the femoral head

It is estimated that 20000 to 30000 new patients are diagnosed with osteonecrosis annually accounting for approximately 10% of the 250000 total hip arthroplasties done annually in the United States. Thelack of level 1 evidence in the literature makes it difficult to identify optimal treatment protocols to manage patients with pre-collapse avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and early intervention prior to collapse is critical to successful outcomes in joint preserving procedures. There have been a variety of traumatic and atraumatic factors that have been identified as risk factors for osteonecrosis, but the etiology and pathogenesis still remains unclear. Current osteonecrosis diagnosis is dependent upon plain anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral radiographs of the hip, followed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Generally, the first radiographic changes seen by radiograph will be cystic and sclerotic changes in the femoral head. Although the diagnosis may be made by radiograph, plain radiographs are generally insufficient for early diagnosis, therefore MRI is considered the most accurate benchmark. Treatment options include pharmacologic agents such as bisphosphonates and statins, biophysical treatments, as well as joint-preserving and joint-replacing surgeries. the surgical treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head can be divided into two major branches: femoral head sparing procedures(FHSP) and femoral head replacement procedures(FHRP). In general, FHSP are indicated at pre-collapse stages with minimal symptoms whereas FHRP are preferred at post-collapse symptomatic stages. It is difficult to know whether any treatment modality changes the natural history of core decompression since the true natural history of core decompression has not been delineated.

Characterization of mean stem density,fibre length and lignin from two Acacia species and their hybrid

The objective of this study was to compare the wood properties related to wood pulp quality of two widely planted Acacia species viz.Acacia mangium Willd.and Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn.Ex Benth.and their hybrid.Acid insoluble lignin content(Klason),mean stem density and fibre length differed considerably among the species and hybrids.A.mangium possessed a high percent of lignin content compared to A.auriculiformis and the Acacia hybrid.However,mean stem density of A.auriculiformis was higher than A.mangium and the hybrid.Fibre length of heartwood tissues was generally shorter than that of sapwood tissues.The hybrid had longer fibres than the parent species.Lignin was negatively correlated with mean stem density.Generally,the wood properties of the hybrid were superior to its parent species.The significant intraspecific variation observed for wood properties of Acacia species could be used in breeding superior hybrids combining desirable traits of the two species.Considering thedifficulty involved in accurately measuring the lignin content compared to mean stem density,selection for plants with low lignin content can be achieved by indirect selection of high mean stem density.

Hip hemi-arthroplasty for neck of femur fracture:What is the current evidence?

This editorial reviews and summarises the current evidence(meta-analyses and Cochrane reviews) relating to the use of hip hemi-arthroplasty for neck of femur fractures. Regarding the optimal surgical approach,two recent meta-analyses have found that posterior approaches are associated with: higher rates of dislocation compared to lateral and anterior approaches; and higher rates of re-operation compared to lateral approaches. Posterior approaches should therefore be avoided when performing hip hemi-arthroplasty procedures. Assessing the optimal prosthesis head component,three recent meta-analyses and one Cochrane review have found that while unipolar hemiarthroplasty can be associated with increased rates of acetabular erosion at short-term follow-up(up to 1 year),there is no significant difference between the unipolar hemi-arthroplasty and bipolar hemi-arthroplasty for surgical outcome,complication profile,functional outcome and acetabular erosion rates at longer-term follow-up(2 to 4 years). With bipolar hemi-arthroplasty being the more expensive prosthesis,unipolar hemi-arthroplasty is the recommended option. With regards to the optimal femoral stem insertion technique,three recent metaanalyses and one Cochrane Review have found that,while cemented hip hemi-arthroplasties are associated with a longer operative time compared to uncemented Hip Hemi-arthroplasties,cemented prostheses have lower rates of implant-related complications(particularly peri-prosthetic femoral fracture) and improved postoperative outcome regarding residual thigh pain and mobility. With no significant difference found between the two techniques for medical complications and mortality,cemented hip hemi-arthroplasty would appear to be the superior technique. On the topic of wound closure,one recent meta-analysis has found that,while staples can result in a quicker closure time,there is no significant difference in post-operative infections rates or wound healing outcomes when comparing staples to sutures. Therefore,either suture or staple wound closure techniques appear equally appropriate for hip hemiarthroplasty procedures.

Co-culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells under Hypoxic Condition

By co-culturing humm mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human umbilical rein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under hypoxia and creating a microenvironment similar to that of transplanted hMSCs for the treatment of avascular ni ANFH, the effect of hMSCs on survival, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under the hypoxic condition were investigated in vitro. hMSCs and HUVECs were cultured and identified in vitro. Three kinds of conditioned media, CdM-CdMNOR, CdM-CdMHYP and HUVEC-CdMHYP were prepared. HUVECs were cultured with these conditioned media under hypoxia. The survival rate, apoptosis rate, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs were respectively detected by CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell and tube formation assay. The content of SDF-1α, VEGF and IL-6 in CdM was determined by ELISA. Our results showed that hMSCs and HUVECs were cultured and identified successfully. Compared with MSC-CdMNOR and HUVEC-CdMHYP groups, the survival rate, migra-tion and angiogenesis of HUVECs in MSC-CdMHYP group were significantly increased while the apoptosis rate was declined (P<0.05). Moreover, the expression of SDF-1α, VEGF and IL-6 in MSC-CdMHYP group was up-regulated. Under hypoxia, the apoptosis of HUVECs was inhibited while survival, migration and angiogenesis were improved by co-culture of hMSCs and HUVECs. The underlying mechanism may be that hMSCs could secrete a number of cytokines and improve niche, which might be helpful in the treatment of femoral head necrosis.

Successful hip revision surgery following refracture of a modern femoral stem using a cortical window osteotomy technique:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND The ExeterTM Universal cemented femoral component is widely used for total hip replacement surgery.Although there have been few reports of femoral component fracture,removal of a broken femoral stem can be a challenging procedure.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old man with a Dorr A femur sustained a refracture of a primary ExeterTM stem,two years after receiving a revision using a cement-within-cement technique(CWC)through an extended trochanteric osteotomy(ETO).The technical problems related to the CWC technique and the ETO played a major role in the stem fatigue refracture.We performed revision surgery and removed the distal cement using a cortical femoral window technique,followed by reimplantation with an uncemented,modular,distally-fixed uncemented stem.The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION Re-fracture of a modern femoral ExeterTM stem is a rare event,but technical complications related to revision surgery can lead to this outcome.The cortical window osteotomy technique can facilitate the removal of a broken stem and cement,allowing for prosthetic reimplantation under direct vision and avoiding ETO-related complications.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of aplastic anemia by relative with mutations and normal telomere length: A case report

BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive therapy and matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(MSD-HSCT)are the preferred treatments for aplastic anemia(AA).CASE SUMMARY In this report,we describe a 43-year-old male patient with severe AA who carried BRIP1(also known as FANCJ),TINF2,and TCIRG1 mutations.Screening of the family pedigree revealed the same TINF2 mutation in his mother and older brother,with his older brother also carrying the BRIP1 variant and demonstrating normal telomere length and hematopoietic function.The patient was successfully treated with oral cyclosporine A,eltrombopag,and acetylcysteine,achieving remission 4 years after receiving MSD-HSCT from his older brother.CONCLUSION This case provides a valuable clinical reference for individuals with suspected pathogenic gene mutations,normal telomere length,and hematopoietic function,highlighting them as potential donors for patients with AA.

Intraoperative Fracture of the Femur in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Fully HA-Coated Stem

A retrospective review was made of intraoperative femoral fracture prevalence in seventy nine consecutive, cementless, fully HA-coated stems used for revision hip arthroplasty. Three patients were lost to follow up. Intraoperative fracture occurred in 15 (20%) femurs. Fractures occurred during cement removal (3/15) or insertion of the implant (12/15). All fractures were identified using intraoperative biplane X-ray, and were treated during the same operation. The clinical outcome of both groups (with or without fractures) was similar. The risk of intraoperative fracture was not statistically related to any demographic features or operative technique. Intraoperative radiographs are therefore mandatory in revision hip arthroplasty in order to diagnose and treat the common complication of femur fracture appropriately.

Protective Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Glucocorticoid-induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head

Objective:To evaluate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)on preventing rats from glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head(GC-ONFH)in the early stage in vivo and to investigate the possible mechanism of hUC-MSCs in regulating the balance of osteogenesis and adipogenesis.Methods:All rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group(C group),model group(M group),and intervention group(Ⅰ group).The model of GC-ONFH was developed by a sequential administration of lipopolysaccharide and methylprednisolone.The rats in the Ⅰ group were treated with caudal vein injection of hUC-MSCs.Six weeks later,the blood samples were obtained to measure the activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and the content of triglyceride(TG)in serum,and the femoral heads were harvested and observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining,Micro-CT,Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:After intervention of hUC-MSCs,the necrosis rate of femoral head decreased from 83%(10/12)to 33%(4/12),the rate of empty bone lacuna was significantly decreased,the activity of ALP increased significantly,the content of TG decreased significantly,the bone density increased obviously,the expression of RUNX2 and Col Ⅰ increased significantly and the expression of PPARγ decreased significantly.Conclusion:These results revealed that caudal vein injection of hUC-MSCs can effectively reduce the incidence of GC-ONFH in rats by increasing ALP activity and reducing TG content in serum,increasing bone mineral density,promoting the expression of RUNX2 and Col I,and inhibiting the expression of PPARγ.

Factors Influence on the Broaching Hammering Sound during Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty

Background: The aim of this study is to identify the factors influence on the broaching hammering sound character during cementless total hip arthroplasty. Methods: We analyzed frequency spectrum of the hammering sound for 49 cases of uncomplicated cementless THAs using two types of proximal-coated stem performed by experienced surgeons. Normalized sound pressure (NSP) of each 0.5 kHz frequency band in final stage of broach procedure was determined by the fast Fourier transform analysis. The relationships between those sound characteristics and femoral morphology such as canal calcar ratio (CCR), Canal flare index (CFI), morphological cortical index (MCI) and femoral shaft length (FSL) in different cementless stem were investigated. Results: In Accolade 2, CCR was positively related to NSP in several bands [Frequency band (kHz);r: 2.0 - 2.5;0.37, 4.5 - 5.0;0.37, 9.5 - 10.0;0.44], and negatively related to 7.5 - 8.0 kHz (r = -0.39). Negative correlations were observed among CFI and MCI in specific frequency bands (4.5 - 5.0, 5.0 - 5.5, and 7.5 - 8.0 kHz). In Taperloc Microplasty, strong correlations were found between FSL and the NSP of 7.5. - 8.0 kHz (r = 0.78) and CCR and the 7.5 - 8.0 kHz bands. There was significant difference of NSPs between high and low group divided by morphological parameters. Acoustic characteristics of NSPs between Accolade 2 and Microplasty were significantly different in 9 frequency bands. Conclusions: The hammering sound correlated with four parameters of the femoral morphology and differed in different types of proximal-coated stem. Those novel five factors are important to consider when to predict complications using acoustic analysis.

Length unstable femoral fractures:A misnomer?

BACKGROUND Flexible intramedullary nailing(FIMN)is relatively contraindicated for pediatric length unstable femoral fractures.AIM To evaluate FIMN treatment outcomes for pediatric diaphyseal length unstable femoral fractures in patients aged 5 to 13 years.METHODS This retrospective study includes pediatric patients(age range 5-13 years)who received operative treatment for a diaphyseal femoral fracture at a single institution between 2013 and 2019.Length unstable femur fractures treated with FIMN were compared to treatment with other fixation methods[locked intramedullary nailing(IMN),submuscular plating(SMP),and external fixation]and to length stable fractures treated with FIMN.Exclusion criteria included patients who had an underlying predisposition for fractures(e.g.,pathologic fractures or osteogenesis imperfecta),polytrauma necessitating intensive care unit care and/or extensive management of other injuries,incomplete records,or no follow-up visits.Patients who had a length stable femoral fracture treated with modalities other than FIMN were excluded as well.RESULTS Ninety-five fractures from ninety-two patients were included in the study and consists of three groups.These three groups are length unstable fractures treated with FIMN(n=21),length stable fractures treated with FIMN(n=45),and length unstable fractures treated with either locked IMN,SMP,or external fixator(n=29).P values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Patient characteristic differences that were statistically significant between the groups,length unstable with FIMN and length unstable with locked IMN,SMP,or external fixator,were average age(7.4 years vs 9.3 years,respectively),estimated blood loss(29.2 mL vs 98 mL,respectively)and body mass(27.8 kg vs 35.1 kg,respectively).All other patient characteristic differences were statistically insignificant.Regarding complications,length unstable with FIMN had 9 total complications while length unstable with locked IMN,SMP,or external fixator had 10.Grouping these complications into minor or major,length unstable with locked IMN,SMP,or external fixator had 6 major complication while length unstable with FIMN had 0 major complications.This difference in major complications was statistically significant.Lastly,when comparing patient characteristics between the groups,length unstable with FIMN and length stable with FIMN,all characteristics were statistically similar except time to weight bearing(39 d vs 29 d respectively).When analyzing complication differences between these two groups(9 total complications,0 major vs 20 total complications,4 major),the complication rates were considered statistically similar.CONCLUSION FIMN is effective for length unstable fractures,having a low rate of complications.FIMN is a suitable option for length stable and length unstable femur fractures alike.

Observational study of a new modular femoral revision system

BACKGROUND The uncemented ArcosTM Modular Femoral Revision System(ARCOS)is a new comprehensive,press-fit revision design.The modular design offers a wide range of possible combinations to accommodate different variations of anatomy and bone stock.The ARCOS is made by a proximal body and a distal stem.As probably the only ones worldwide we predominantly use a combination of body and stem which supports proximal fixation and load,since this mimics the concept of the primary total hip arthroplasty with proximal weight-bearing,leading to bone stock preservation and no stress shielding or thigh pain.AIM To evaluate the early results after femoral revision in a consecutive series of patients undergoing surgery over 3 years.METHODS We included 116 patients in the study.They were operated in the period August 2011 to December 2014 and we got a clinical mean observation time of 4(0.5-6)years.Clinical and radiographical follow-up included present function of the hip assessed by Harris Hip Score,Oxford Hip Score,and EQ5D(measure of health outcome).Of the 116 patients,17 died in the interim and were consequently included only in the implant survivorship analysis;46 patients attended the follow-up control.RESULTS In total 6(5%)hips were re-revised due to infection(n=3),fracture(n=2)or subsidence(n=1).No patient was re-revised due to aseptic loosening.The 1-,2-and 5-year probability of implant survival(95%CI)were 97%(93%-100%),97%(93%-100%)and 96%(92%-99%),respectively.In this cohort 95 patients received a combination of a proximal broach and a distal curved and slotted stem(BS),aiming for proximal fixation and load bearing;21 patients received a different combination.When comparing these two groups the BS-group had a 5-year implant survival probability(95%CI)of 97%(93%-100%)compared with the group of other combinations with a 5-year implant survival probability(95%CI)of 90%(78%-100%)(P=0.3).Our regression analysis showed that periprosthetic fracture as an indication for the ARCOS operation was the only significant negative outcome predictor.The mean Harris Hip Score result(100 points being best)was 83(range 5-98).The mean Oxford Hip Score result(48 points being best)was 40(range 19-48).CONCLUSION The early results of the ARCOS are promising compared with similar studies.We encourage the use of the BS combination whenever the bone stock proximally is adequate.

外侧入路和后外侧入路生物型长柄假体人工髋关节置换术治疗股骨转子间不稳定性骨折的效果对比

目的:探究不同入路生物型长柄假体人工髋关节置换术(THA)的疗效对比。方法:选择104例股骨转子间不稳定性骨折患者为研究对象,患者均行生物型长柄假体THA术治疗。根据患者手术入路的不同分为外侧组(n=48)与后外侧组(n=56)。比较两组患者围手术期指标、并发症发生情况、手术前、术后2 d及6个月Harris、Aubigné-Postel评分。结果:后外侧组围手术期指标均低于外侧组(P<0.05);两组手术并发症总发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后2 d、6个月,两组髋关节评分均上升(P<0.05),且后外侧组术后各时间点Harris评分均高于外侧组(P<0.05);后外侧组优良率(85.71%)与外侧组(75.00%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:外侧入路与后外侧入路生物型长柄假体THA术均能治疗股骨转子间不稳定性骨折,但后外侧组疗效更好,并发症更少,值得推广。

不同方法治疗老年股骨转子间不稳定骨折疗效对比

目的对比分析生物型加长柄关节置换与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗老年股骨转子间不稳定骨折的临床效果。方法选取2019年6月至2021年6月安阳市第三人民医院收治的104例老年股骨转子间不稳定骨折患者作为研究对象,根据不同手术治疗方式将其分为置换组(52例)和固定组(52例),置换组患者采用生物型加长柄关节置换术治疗,固定组患者采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定术治疗,对比观察两组患者围术期相关指标、髋关节恢复情况、生活质量及术后不良事件发生情况。结果置换组患者术中出血量明显多于固定组、手术时间明显长于固定组(t=5545、5150,P均<0001),而首次下床活动时间及住院时间与固定组无明显差异(t=1933、1619,P=0056、0109)。术后12个月,置换组患者髋关节恢复优良率为8077%,明显高于固定组患者的髋关节恢复优良率6154%(χ^(2)=4685,P=0030);置换组患者健康调查量表36(SF-36)中的躯体功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、生理功能评分均明显高于固定组(t=3062、2868、3028、3440,P=0003、0005、0003、0001)。置换组患者术后不良事件发生率为577%,明显低于固定组患者的术后不良事件发生率2115%(χ^(2)=5283,P=0022)。结论与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定相比,生物型加长柄关节置换虽会增加老年股骨转子间不稳定骨折患者术中出血量,延长手术时间,但能够提高患者髋关节功能及生活质量,降低不良事件发生风险,临床效果更佳。

组织工程技术在股骨头坏死治疗中的应用及前景

背景:股骨头坏死早期多采用植骨类保髋手术治疗,其中自体骨与异体骨是常用的植骨材料,但自体骨移植创伤性大且供骨来源有限,异体骨虽来源丰富,但存在严重的免疫排斥反应和吸收风险。近年来,以间充质干细胞为基础的组织工程技术是治疗股骨头坏死的新方法,经过基础实验和临床应用的检验,正逐渐得到广泛应用。目的:综述组织工程技术在股骨头坏死治疗中的应用及前景,为临床治疗股骨头坏死提供新的选择。方法:由第一作者检索2013-2023年的PubMed数据库和中国知网,英文检索词为“tissue engineering,mesenchymal stem cells,biological scaffolds,cytokines,osteonecrosis of the femoral head,bone graft,hip preservation”,中文检索词为“组织工程,间充质干细胞,生物支架,细胞因子,股骨头坏死,植骨,保髋”,选择运用组织工程技术治疗股骨头坏死方面的文献,根据纳入与排除标准对所有文章进行初筛后,共纳入55篇代表性文献进行综述。结果与结论:①随着生物技术与材料学的不断发展,骨组织工程技术治疗股骨头坏死己取得较大进展,例如基因修饰的间充质干细胞修复骨坏死、基因重组技术及表面改性技术与骨组织工程的结合在股骨头坏死治疗中的应用等;②组织工程技术应用于坏死股骨头时可促进坏死骨组织再生和血管系统的修复,同时为坏死区域提供生物力学稳定性,并且利用生物活性因子促进种子细胞的修复作用,完成坏死区新生骨的再生;③但目前这些研究大多数尚处于动物实验阶段,骨组织工程研究仍存在许多未解决的问题和挑战,随着纳米技术、组织工程学和临床医学的快速发展,性能完善的仿生替代植骨材料将有望诞生;④在未来应用骨组织工程技术治疗股骨头坏死有望成为一种令人满意的治疗方式,给保髋患者带来福音。

组织工程治疗股骨头坏死软骨下分离的适用技术

背景:股骨头坏死出现新月征是病情进程的“分水岭”,修复和稳定骨-软骨界面对阻止病情继续进展和预防股骨头塌陷尤为重要。利用组织工程学同步修复、整合骨-软骨界面具有潜在优势。目的:综述探讨解决股骨头坏死软骨下分离的潜在适宜技术。方法:检索1970年1月至2023年4月PubMed、Web of Science及中国知网、万方数据库中发表的相关文献,英文检索词:“Femoral head necrosis,Avascular necrosis of femoral head,Osteonecrosis of femoral head”等,中文检索词:“股骨头坏死,软骨下骨,软骨,软骨与软骨下骨整合”等,最终纳入114篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①结构缺陷、缺血缺氧环境、炎症因素和应力集中可能造成股骨头坏死软骨下分离现象,软骨下骨分离会造成塌陷进展,并且可能与保髋手术失败相关,利用组织工程支架实现支架与骨-软骨界面的整合是治疗股骨头坏死软骨下分离的潜在方法之一。②目前的文献研究表明,多相、梯度支架和复合材料在促进骨、软骨细胞黏附与增殖,骨软骨基质的沉积方面均有提升,有助于支架与骨-软骨界面的整合,对治疗股骨头坏死软骨下分离有参考价值。③通过对支架表面进行修饰可以提高与界面整合的效率,但有各自不同的优缺点,提供不同环境的支架能够诱导同种间充质干细胞差异分化,有助于不同界面之间的整合。④未来有望应用于股骨头坏死软骨下分离的支架应为复合材料,具有梯度化和差异化的仿生结构,通过表面修饰和干细胞加载促进骨-软骨界面与支架的整合以实现治疗目的,但仍需进一步研究验证,而支架的降解速率与修复进度同步和不同界面之间的稳定性是未来需要解决的主要问题。

SuperPATH入路柄颈一体股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折早期疗效及术后下肢长度分析

目的 观察SuperPATH入路柄颈一体股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折早期疗效及术后下肢长度变化。方法 选择2015年9月至2020年10月收治并符合选择标准的75例单侧股骨颈骨折老年患者纳入研究。记录切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地时间及并发症发生情况。比较术前及术后1、4、12、24周及1、2年的Harris髋关节功能评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)。摄骨盆正位X线片,测量两侧泪滴下缘连线至小转子最上缘的垂直距离,判断双下肢长度差异。末次随访时行骨盆CT平扫观察股骨假体位置及骨长入。结果 患者术后均获随访,随访时间24~85个月,平均56.7个月。所有患者切口长度(7.85±0.51)cm,手术时间(89.29±26.84)min,术中出血量(78.67±56.79)mL,术后下地时间(1.43±0.49)d。术前与术后1周Harris髋关节功能评分和VAS评分比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2年与术后1年Harris髋关节功能评分和VAS评分无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余随访时间点Harris髋关节功能评分和VAS评分与前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后所有患者双下肢长度差为(3.57±4.44)mm,与术前[(-17.61±7.86)mm]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。末次随访时所有患者骨盆CT平扫显示股骨假体位置及骨长入良好,随访期间均无假体松动、下沉。结论 SuperPATH入路柄颈一体股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折创伤小、疼痛轻、恢复快、早期疗效满意,在有限显露下可有效调整肢体长度,预防双下肢不等长。

miR-124-3p调控激素性股骨头坏死患者骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化作用的研究

目的探讨miRNAs和CTNNB1在激素性股骨头坏死患者中的表达水平,以及miR-124-3p对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响。方法选择2020年9月至2022年5月就诊于新疆医科大学第五附属医院行髋关节置换术的患者30例,激素性股骨头坏死患者15例作为实验组,股骨颈骨折患者15例作为对照组。术中扩髓时收集患者的骨髓组织,提取总mRNA,应用qRT-PCR检测各组miR-322-5p、miR-124-3p、miR-125a-3p及CTNNB1的表达量,用Western Blot检测CTNNB1蛋白的表达量。在骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)中转染miR-124-3p的模拟物和抑制剂来检测其对BMSCs分化的影响作用,并验证miR-124-3p与CTNNB1的靶标关系。结果在实验组BMSCs中miR-125a-3p、CTNNB1表达量高于对照组(P<0.05);miR-124-3p的表达量低于对照组(P<0.001),miR-322-5p的表达量在两组中无明显差异。转染miR-124-3p+mimics组的miR-124-3p表达量高于其他组,CTNNB1表达量低于其他组(P<0.001),转染miR-124-3p inhibitor组的结果则相反。分化能力评估发现过表达miR-124-3p可以促进BMSCs成骨分化能力,抑制表达则结果相反。双荧光素酶报告系统结果显示,miR-124-3p与CTNNB1有靶向结合关系。结论miR-124-3p可以靶向CTNNB1,并且miR-124-3p可以调控骨髓间充质干细胞并促进其成骨分化。

Web of Science数据库近5年股骨头坏死文献计量学及可视化分析

背景:有研究表明股骨头坏死是骨科难治愈的疾病,探索股骨头坏死领域的研究现状和研究热点有利于把握研究方向,促进股骨头坏死领域的发展,使之更好地服务于临床。目的:探究股骨头坏死近5年来的发展现状和预测该领域未来的研究热点,为相关研究人员提供借鉴。方法:在Web of Science数据库的科学引文指数扩展数据库中以"股骨头坏死"为主题搜索2016至2020年有关于股骨头坏死的文献。VOSviewer软件进行关键词共现分析、作者合著分析、机构合著分析、国家合著分析及文献共被引分析。结果与结论:①根据关键词共现分析可将股骨头坏死目前的研究分为以下几类:股骨头坏死的危险因素、诊断和治疗、矫形术、细胞生物学、基因遗传学;②激素性股骨头坏死、骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨分化是近期的研究热点,但激素性股骨头坏死的发病机制和治疗方法尚未阐明以及间充质干细胞的作用机制和治疗效果尚不明确,所以推测在未来的一段时间里,有关两者围绕成骨分化过程的研究将会有很大的发展空间;③结果证实,对股骨头坏死机制的进一步挖掘及改善其治疗方法是未来的重要研究内容,激素性股骨头坏死机制的探讨和骨髓间充质干细胞用于股骨头坏死的治疗将会围绕成骨分化过程开展更深层次的研究。

儿童单侧发育性髋关节脱位双下肢差异统计及其影响因素

目的测量并分析儿童单侧发育性髋关节脱位(Unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip,UDDH)健侧与患侧影像学下肢差异的特点,包括下肢长度差异(Leg length discrepancy,LLD)、股骨颈前倾角(Femoral neck anteversion,FNA)以及股骨颈干角(Neck shaft angle,NSA)差异。方法回顾分析2018年1月至2021年6月符合纳入标准的120例UDDH患者临床影像学资料。UDDH根据Tonnis分型,分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型。摄站立位骨盆股骨全长X线、骨盆股骨CT,测量以下参数:股骨长度(Femoral length,FL)、大转子股骨长度(Greater trochanter femoral length,GTFL)、小转子股骨长度(Lesser trochanter femoral length,LTFL)、干骺端股骨长度(Metaphysis femoral length,MFL)、大小转子间距离(Intertrochanteric distance,ITD)、FNA、NSA。比较健侧患侧上述参数,并计算各参数健患侧差值;分别统计上述参数健侧较患侧长以及患侧较健侧长的例数;比较各影像学参数健患侧差值在不同Tonnis分型、年龄、性别之间的差异。结果患侧FNA、NSA、MFL、LTFL均大于健侧,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);健侧FL、GTFL和ITD大于患侧,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);FNA、NSA、LTFL、MFL患侧大(长)构成比大于健侧大(长)构成比;FL、GTFL和ITD健侧长构成比大于患侧长构成比。根据不同模型多元线性回归统计,Mod1中NSA、MFL患健侧差值均随年龄增加而减少(P<0.05),在Mod2、Mod3中同样具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在Mod4、5、6中FL患健侧差值均随脱位程度增加而减少,具有明显统计学意义(P<0.05),脱位程度越高,患侧FL越小于健侧。患健侧NSA差值随着年龄增大而减小,患侧NSA随着年龄增大逐渐趋近于健侧,甚至会小于健侧。无论脱位程度如何,患侧MFL均大于健侧MFL;脱位程度越大,患侧FL越小于健侧FL。结论患侧FL较健侧短,但相差值很小,没有实际临床意义;而患侧MFL明显大于健侧,说明术前UDDH患者确实存在LLD;患侧FNA、NSA较健侧显著增大,但增加的数值较小,其临床意义还有待进一步研究;患健侧FNA差值不随年龄增大而减少,患侧与健侧NSA的差值与年龄呈负相关。