Localized Application of Chinese Standards in Jakarta-Bandung HSR Project

Jakarta-Bandung HSR in Indonesia is the first“go global”project of China's high speed railway with a whole system,all elements and a whole industry chain,as well as the first overseas project adopting a complete set of Chinese standards.This paper sorts out the differences between relevant standards in China and Indonesia,including those in concrete raw materials,rebar standards and other main material standards,and those in external interface standards,train operation direction requirements,project approval requirements,special acceptance requirements,etc.,and summarizes the realization methods and specific achievements of localized application of Chinese standards during the implementation of Jakarta-Bandung HSR Project,to provide reference for localized application of Chinese standards in overseas projects in the future.

Ethical Standards for Employers in the Local Administration Units： Republic of Macedonia

The extensive research on public ethics in the local administration is more than necessary. This paper identifies the basic values of and the challenges to Macedonian Legal System in this area, and explains the key ethical aspects, which should be implemented in practice by civil servants, who increasingly have to learn how to perform in accordance with ethical values. In this paper I will analyze the ethical values of civil servants laid down by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development （OECD） and the Civil Servants Agency in Macedonia, upon which the ethical principles for civil servants in the local administration units are intended to be set. This paper deals with the ethics of civil servants, assessment of best practices, and evaluation of positive and negative indicators. The paper concludes with a few recommendations for the next steps in this process; and some criteria for the consideration of future developments are suggested.

Operating in Tandem Chinese experts in Sao Tome and Principe cooperate with local farmers to raise medical standards in the breeding industry

Santomean pig farmer Simao Vicente was hopeful when he came to ask Zou Rui for help. His pig was suffering from hernia, and Zou, a 42-year-old Chinese agricultural expert working in Sao Tomé and Príncipe, was the only person on the island who could provide emergency surgery.

Multi-mode process monitoring based on a novel weighted local standardization strategy and support vector data description

There are multiple operating modes in the real industrial process, and the collected data follow the complex multimodal distribution, so most traditional process monitoring methods are no longer applicable because their presumptions are that sampled-data should obey the single Gaussian distribution or non-Gaussian distribution. In order to solve these problems, a novel weighted local standardization(WLS) strategy is proposed to standardize the multimodal data, which can eliminate the multi-mode characteristics of the collected data, and normalize them into unimodal data distribution. After detailed analysis of the raised data preprocessing strategy, a new algorithm using WLS strategy with support vector data description(SVDD) is put forward to apply for multi-mode monitoring process. Unlike the strategy of building multiple local models, the developed method only contains a model without the prior knowledge of multi-mode process. To demonstrate the proposed method's validity, it is applied to a numerical example and a Tennessee Eastman(TE) process. Finally, the simulation results show that the WLS strategy is very effective to standardize multimodal data, and the WLS-SVDD monitoring method has great advantages over the traditional SVDD and PCA combined with a local standardization strategy(LNS-PCA) in multi-mode process monitoring.

An Improved PLS (IPLS) Method Utilizing Local Standardization Strategy for Multimode Process Monitoring

Complex industrial process often contains multiple operating modes, and the challenge of multimode process monitoring has recently gained much attention. However, most multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) methods are based on the assumption that the process has only one nominal mode. When the process data contain different distributions, they may not function as well as in single mode processes. To address this issue, an improved partial least squares (IPLS) method was proposed for multimode process monitoring. By utilizing a novel local standardization strategy, the normal data in multiple modes could be centralized after being standardized and the fundamental assumption of partial least squares (PLS) could be valid again in multimode process. In this way, PLS method was extended to be suitable for not only single mode processes but also multimode processes. The efficiency of the proposed method was illustrated by comparing the monitoring results of PLS and IPLS in Tennessee Eastman(TE) process.

Symposium on local standardization work held in Zhengzhou

A symposium on local standardization work was held in Zhengzhou, capital of Central China's Henan province, on July 31, 2019, which summarized the standardization work at local level in the first half of the year and deployed that in the second half of the year.

Global Standardization and Local Adaptation of Marketing--A Critical Review of the Literature

This paper discusses and critically reviews the causes and consequences of global standardization and local adaptation of marketing strategies.The scope of the literature review is in the fields of international marketing,international trade,and corporate strategic management.It also aims to emphasize finding gaps after reading the literature.Even though the studies’scope is extensive,this paper limits the reach:firstly,it introduces the standardization and local adaptation,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of both by researchers.At the same time,untangle the relationship between international marketing strategy and marketing mix.Secondly,it is divided into macro and micro to collate and analyze the leading factors affecting international strategy,so that the cross-market fit of global marketing tactic can be realised.Finally,focus on the KPI.The indicators of financial return were selected as the review from the factors representing the intuitive development level of the company.The goal was to concentrate on the mutual feedback and adjustment between the standardization/adaptation and performance of multinational companies.Among them,the diversities between developed and emerging markets are interspersed in each link.As this difference is a trend that scholars have begun to notice in recent years.Although many existed bibliographies are revolved around particular multinational companies or regions to assessment,this paper will focus on the impact of practical research article review and evaluation.It would not involve specific corporate and country.

Standardization or Localization： HRM Practices of MNCs in China

Many MNCs have established China centres to coordinate and control their operations in the country. The paper describes the standardization and localization in HRM practices of MNCs in China. It tries to analyse the degree of standardization or localization of HRM policies for MNCs in China, in the terms of recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation and promotion.

Improved Image Contrast Enhancement Based on Local Standard Deviation and Compared with Other Algorithms

An adaptive contrast enhancement (ACE) algorithm is presented in this paper, in which the contrast gain is determined by mapping the local standard deviation (LSD) histogram of an image to a Gaussian distribution function. The contrast gain is nonlinearly adjusted to avoid noise overenhancement and ringing artifacts while improving the detail contrast with less computational burden. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated with radiological images and compared with other algorithms.

Standization Trends in Local Regions Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Utilizes Standardization to Promote Economic Development

In China, 10 ethnic minorities with a combined population of over 20 million people are followers of Islam. In Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the population is nearly 6 million, a-mong which the Islamic population is about 2 million. In China as a whole, more than 20 million people enjoy eating food prepared according to Islamic guidelines, known as hal'al food.

Embracing different languages and local differences:Coconstructive patient simulation strengthens host countries’clinical training in psychiatry

BACKGROUND Global education in psychiatry is heavily influenced by knowledge from Western,high-income countries,which obscures local voices and expertise.AIM To adapt a human simulation model to psychiatric education in a context that is specific to local languages and cultures.METHODS We conducted an observational study consisting of six human simulation sessions with standardized patients from two host countries,speaking their native languages,and following an adaptation of the co-constructive patient simulation(CCPS)model.As local faculty became increasingly familiar with the CCPS approach,they took on the role of facilitators—in their country’s native language.RESULTS Fifty-three learners participated:19 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and 3 faculty members in Türkiye(as a group that met online during 3 consecutive months);and 24 trainees and 7 faculty in Israel(divided into 3 groups,in parallel in-person sessions during a single training day).Each of the six cases reflected local realities and clinical challenges,and was associated with specific learning goals identified by each case-writing trainee.CONCLUSION Human simulation has not been fully incorporated into psychiatric education:The creation of immersive clinical experiences and the strengthening of reflective practice are two areas ripe for development.Our adaptations of CCPS can also strengthen local and regional networks and psychiatric communities of practice.Finally,the model can help question and press against hegemonies in psychiatric training that overshadow local expertise.

地方体育行政执法及处罚裁量权基准的量化评价研究

作为一项基本制度,体育行政裁量权基准遵循权力界限明晰、运行机制融贯的总体逻辑,其聚焦深化改革中的主要矛盾,致力于从优化治理信息结构、创新协调合作机制、消弭治理风险3个方面创建“上下共治”的新格局。基于充分的理论依据,研究运用多种政策分析工具,构建了我国地方体育行政执法及处罚裁量权基准评价模型。通过对24个省级行政区体育行政执法和处罚裁量权基准量化分析发现,地方体育行政部门已经建设了初步的制度框架,其中有10个省级行政区的基准得分较高,达到了良好等级,这些为后续开展相关工作提供了依据。但是整体看,地方体育行政裁量权基准制度建设在总体设计、权力配置、举措创新等方面还存在不少问题,在进一步的行政治理改革中,体育行政部门应高度重视这些问题,切实转变观念,依托数字信息平台系统性开展建设工作。

The development of local ambient air quality standards: A case study of Hainan Province, China

The ambient air quality standard(AAQS)is a vital policy instrument for protecting the environment and human health.Hainan Province is at the forefront of China's efforts to protect its ecological environment,with an official goal to achieve world-leading air quality by 2035.However,neither the national AAQS nor the World Health Organization guideline offers sufficient guidance for improving air quality in Hainan because Hainan has well met the former while the latter is excessively stringent.Consequently,the establishment of Hainan's local AAQS becomes imperative.Nonetheless,research regarding the development of local AAQS is scarce,especially in comparatively more polluted countries such as China.The relatively high background values and significant interannual fluctuations in air pollutant concentrations in Hainan present challenges in the development of local AAQS.Our research proposes a world-class local AAQS of Hainan Province by reviewing the AAQS in major countries or regions worldwide,analyzing the influence of different statistical forms,and carefully evaluating the attainability of the standard.In the proposed AAQS,the annual mean concentration limit for PM2.5,the annual 95th percentile of daily maximum 8-h mean(MDA8)concentration limit for O_(3),and the peak season concentration limit for O_(3) are set at 10,120,and 85μg/m^(3),respectively.Our study indicates that,with effective control policies,Hainan is projected to achieve compliance with the new standard by 2035.The implementation of the local AAQS is estimated to avoid 1,526(1,253–1,789)and 259(132–501)premature deaths attributable to longterm exposure to PM2.5 and O_(3) in Hainan in 2035,respectively.

Formulation of Organic Fertilizer Standard in Jiaxing City Based on NY525-2012

On the basis of research, analysis and argumentation, we conduct analysis and research on the current situation of quality of commercial organic fertilizer in Jiaxing City, and carry out the inspection and testing of organic matter indicators using the laboratory. Based on the standard of NY525-2012 Organic Fertilizer by the Ministry of Agriculture, this paper formulates the quality level indicators of local commercial organic fertilizer and adding specifications of raw materials.

The Key Technical Points and Main Characteristics of the New National Standard of Magnitude

The New Magnitude National Standard of General Rules for Earthquake Magnitude( GB17740-2017) is the state mandatory standard. It was released on May 12,2017,by the General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the Peoples Republic of China and the Standardization Administration of the Peoples Republic of China. This paper introduces the necessity of revising the national standard of magnitude,and the main contents,technical points and primary features of the new national standard of magnitude,so that it can be applied better in practice.

Compressive and Flexural Strength of Recycled Reactive Powder Concrete Containing Finely Dispersed Local Wastes

The main objective of this experimental study is to investigate the behavior of Recycled Reactive Powder Concrete (RRPC) developed from finely dispersed local waste raw materials. In this study, RRPC was developed by utilizing local wastes (finely dispersed waste glass powder, waste fly ash and waste ceramic powder) together with Portland cement, fine sand, admixture, steel fibers and water through full replacement of silica fume as well as quartz powder for sustainable construction practice. In this study, all raw materials for making RRPC were analyzed for X-Ray Fluorescence analysis. For sustainability of local construction works, this study employed standard curing method at ambient temperatures instead of steam curing at higher temperatures. Moreover, hand mixing was used throughout the study. To evaluate the structural performances of the developed RRPC mixes, compressive and flexural strengths of RRPC were investigated experimentally and compared with the control mix. The experimental results indicated that replacing the silica fume fully by finely dispersed local waste glass powder (GP) and fly ash (FA) is a promising approach for local structural construction applications. Accordingly, a mean compressive strength of 62.9 MPa and flexural strength of 8.8 MPa were developed using 50% GP-50% FA at 28thdays standard curing. In this study, 17.56% larger compressive strength and 30.6% flexural strength improvements were observed as compared to the control mix.

Standard Dual Quaternion Optimization and Its Applications in Hand-Eye Calibration and SLAM

Several common dual quaternion functions,such as the power function,the magnitude function,the 2-norm function,and the kth largest eigenvalue of a dual quaternion Hermitian matrix,are standard dual quaternion functions,i.e.,the standard parts of their function values depend upon only the standard parts of their dual quaternion variables.Furthermore,the sum,product,minimum,maximum,and composite functions of two standard dual functions,the logarithm and the exponential of standard unit dual quaternion functions,are still standard dual quaternion functions.On the other hand,the dual quaternion optimization problem,where objective and constraint function values are dual numbers but variables are dual quaternions,naturally arises from applications.We show that to solve an equality constrained dual quaternion optimization(EQDQO)problem,we only need to solve two quaternion optimization problems.If the involved dual quaternion functions are all standard,the optimization problem is called a standard dual quaternion optimization problem,and some better results hold.Then,we show that the dual quaternion optimization problems arising from the hand-eye calibration problem and the simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM)problem are equality constrained standard dual quaternion optimization problems.

How can home care realize people-based, local and global consciousness of the organic unity of vision

Under the background of China＇s aging population, home care service system in line with China＇s traditional family pension, pension also incorporates community features, is widely used in China at this stage of pension model. However, the home care service research stage and the organic unity of the people did not do standard, local awareness and global perspective, often blindly follow the tide of globalization. Article by home care services, people-based, local and global vision of the concept of consciousness and its relationship to reports, summarized the research stage of home care service should be how to achieve unity of the three.

2000—2020年非洲耕地资源时空格局变化分析

非洲地区面临严重的粮食安全问题,研究其耕地资源时空格局变化对于保障非洲粮食安全具有重要意义.基于2000—2020年间联合国粮农组织的统计数据,通过重心迁移、标准差椭圆及局部空间自相关等方法对非洲耕地资源时空格局的变化特征进行了分析.结果表明:1)非洲耕地整体数量呈稳定上升趋势,20年间耕地面积增加了6321.92万hm^(2),增长率为53.44%,但不同国家间存在差异;2)非洲耕地在几何中心以北区域分布较多,耕地重心迁移方向先向东北后转向偏西方向,移动总距离为111.86 km,偏移速率先快后慢,从前5年的平均10.27 km/a降至后15年的平均4.00 km/a左右;3)非洲耕地分布呈西北—东南向,20年来标准差椭圆转角有向水平方向倒伏趋势,椭圆面积不断缩小,向心性不断增强;4)非洲耕地分布集聚主要出现在西非的尼日尔和尼日利亚,异常区为南非及贝宁.

An Expository on Some Nonstandard Compactifications

Three classical compactification procedures are presented with nonstandard flavour. This is to illustrate the applicability of Nonstandard analytic tool to beginners interested in Nonstandard analytic methods. The general procedure is as follows: A suitable equivalence relation is defined on an enlargement *X of the space X which is a completely regular space or a locally compact Hausdorff space or a locally compact Abelian group. Accordingly, every f in C(X,R) (the space of bounded continuous real valued functions on X) or Cc(X,R) (the space of continuous real valued functions on X with compact support) or the dual group Γ of the locally compact Abelian group G is extended to the set of the above mentioned equivalence classes. A compact topology on is obtained as the weak topology generated by these extensions of f. Then X is naturally imbedded densely in .