How to Optimize the Management of Science and Technology Funds in Colleges and Universities Based on the Policy of Streamlining Administration,Delegating Powers,Improving Regulation,and Strengthening Services

To advance the field of science and technology,we need to revitalize the development of science and technology through innovation.The development of science and technology has many beneficial implications on the revitalization of the country.For this reason,universities in China should give full attention to their role as the main propeller of science and technology.“Streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services”is a policy issued by the Chinese government for the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.Based on the policy of“streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services,”colleges and universities must optimize the management of science and technology funds for their efficient use.In this paper,we analyzed the importance of the policy and put forward an effective management strategy,aiming to improve the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.

Analysis of Employees’ Professional Development in a Forensic Science Laboratory as a Route towards Organizational Competitiveness

This study was conducted to analyze the competitiveness of a Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) based on employees’ professional development and diversification into different professions. The FSL is the sole Government Laboratory?in Tanzania which serves the police force, judiciary system and the public?prosecution. A sample of 88 current employees of different professions (53 chemists, 26 technologists and 9 accountants) was used. The data was collected from the?year 2000 to 2015. Mathematical expressions were developed to quantifystagnation and total service time at specific development levels based on which?new?indices (professional development index, PDI;leadership competency index, LCI;and succession index, SI) were developed. The number of employees for support cadres was observed to increase faster in the last 5 years from 34.3% in?2009/2010 to 57.1% in 2014/2015, compared to chemists and technologists.?The?staff-to-line ratio (SLR) has been increasing since 2000, reaching above 0.8?from 2013 to 2015 indicating that the FSL was undergoing diversification and division of labor. The FSL workforce comprised of mainly semi-skilled employees. Promotions have played a big role in employees’ professional development. In some cases employees were promoted to higher level before 3 years stipulated?by public service regulations, regarded as breach of procedures. However,?high?stagnation of employees at specific ranks was observed (up to 9 - 10 years) which causes frustrations, lost morale and engagement. Results indicated that most?of the service years are served in ranks A and B. Indices developed in thisstudy?form a baseline data for strategic analysis of FSL competitiveness in the future?and allow for proper human resource planning. Highest values of LCI and PDI were observed for chemists. Technologists in the FSL show higher succession index compared to chemists and accountants. Employee diversification in the?FSL has been increasing from 2003 to 2015. It was concluded that the FSL?competitive advantage is continuously increasing.

A new look at roles of the cryosphere in sustainable development

While the cryosphere may bring in adverse impacts on natural and built environment, it may also provide benefits resulting from cryosphere services. By looking into the effect of the cryosphere on human-being, the study develops a unified approach in the analysis of cryospheric risks and services, with one focusing on the adverse impacts by cryospheric hazards and another emphasizing on the benefits that people can obtain from the natural capitals in the cryosphere. Meanwhile, climate change could further alter and complicate the roles of the cryosphere, not only by the changes in risks to cryospheric hazards, but also the changes in services that could potentially add more risks. The study further proposed a risk-based approach for the development of climate adaptation in the cryosphere. The approach essentially takes options to reduce exposure and vulnerability of societies to cryospheric hazards, and to better manage natural capitals and demands together with enhancing utility of the cryosphere, so as to maintain the benefit of cryosphere services in a sustainable way. The study further addresses the role of cryosphere services in strengthening sustainable development in terms of its relation with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), and provides a preliminary results on how the services contributes to SDGs. Overall, the approach developed in this study creates a new way to comprehensively assess the effect of cryosphere changes on our society and identify measures to maximize the benefit while minimizing the risk in relation to the cryosphere.

Research on Intelligent Technology Management and Service Platform

In recent years,there are some problems in science and technology management,such as untimely task supervision and independent information system,which makes it difficult to achieve accurate,quantitative and standardized management.The storage of scientific research test data is scattered,and there are many deficiencies in the management,promotion and use of existing intellectual property.In this paper,on the basis of the knowledge economy,intelligence economy under the conditions of knowledge management concept and cutting-edge technology,technology management and service management related data,information,knowledge,method of blend together.Based on science and technology management,knowledge management as the core of management and service platform of science and technology technical route,main function,construction principles and standards.In order to realize the management systematization of science and technology,intelligent,better educated,multi-level and multi-angle application services.

面向数智化服务设计的创新模型构建及其实践

聚焦服务设计创新模糊前端创新演化博弈机制,为传统中小企业嵌入数智化供应链生态平台提供先进设计方法与启示,帮助中小企业从“多维平台嵌套”数智化平台的共创成果中获利,并扩展原有平台的功能边界。对智米科技等数智化平台进行单案例分析,而后针对所形成的服务设计实践启示,整合与优化了工程领域的ARIZ等跨学科技术,最终构建了一套面向数智化服务设计创新的ASD模型。验证阶段以数智化与双碳背景下的民宿酒店设计为实践对象,验证了ASD模型在服务设计创新模糊前端具有促进利他偏好演化的作用,有助于中小企业设计创新管理的模式构建。研究获得的启示,构建的模型能够为缺乏经验的传统服务型制造企业,实施服务设计创新战略,具有较高的管理启示价值。

Data management services in the transition of research model: An approach of implementing open access, open data and open science

With the development and popularization of information technology,the global academic exchange model has generally developed towards open access.Scientific activity in the information age requires more data to be opened and shared.From open access to open data and to open science.

天津市重点人群家庭医生服务利用度与满意度现况调查分析

目的调查分析天津市重点人群家庭医生服务利用度与满意度情况,从而为提升天津市家庭医生团队服务能力,促进家庭医生签约服务的开展提供参考。方法采用随机抽样方法,选取天津市16个行政区的社区居民作为研究对象,从机构的家庭医生团队签约底册中随机抽取被试样本,采用电话收集数据的方式完成对签约居民的问卷调查,根据问卷调查结果对居民服务利用情况、家庭医生服务效果等进行分析。结果居民对家庭医生签约服务的利用度、依从性和配合度较高,对家庭医生服务较认可。影响居民家庭医生服务利用度的主要因素为年龄、性别、文化程度、区域、供需不匹配以及签约服务内容等方面,签约居民对目前家庭医生签约服务总体满意度较高。结论需进一步提高家庭医生服务能力、水平及服务质量,细分居民群体,以更好地满足居民个性化需求,增加居民对签约的知晓度,优化基层医疗资源配置,提升居民满意度。

E-science网格与数字图书馆

E -science的出现和网格技术的不断推进,数字图书馆将不再是一个独立的资源和服务系统,而是利用现代信息技术,以计算机网络为基础平台所创建的一个以用户为中心有利于知识创新的资源。

科技项目管理专业机构全生命周期服务的浙江探索与优化建议

依托专业机构管理科技项目是我国科技体制改革的重要举措,充分体现了对政府职能转变、简政放权的要求。本文以浙江省科技项目管理服务为切入点,通过总结全生命周期管理服务模式,剖析存在的问题及原因,进一步提出了健全政策法规支持体系、优化政企综合服务体系、完善多元制度管理体系、增强各类要素保障体系等方面的针对性建议及对策。

基于Web Services的高校科研管理系统设计与实现

科研管理工作是高校工作的一个重要内容,现在高校越来越重视科研,导致科研项目繁多,增加了科研管理部门的工作量。针对这一现象,设计了高校科研管理系统,介绍了基于Web Services的B/S结构的关键技术,重点阐述了系统架构设计、功能设计以及实现方法。通过运用先进技术和工具对高校科研管理工作进行分析和抽象,将其信息化和规范化,降低开发成本,提高系统开发效率,对基于Web Services的系统开发提供了一种借鉴模式。

河北省推行乡镇科技特派员制度为基层科技管理补位的实践与思考

[研究目的]科技特派员在推广先进技术、落实科技政策、引导创新创业等方面发挥了重要作用。各地在推行科技特派员制度过程中,积极创新科技服务方式,在实践中探索形成了科技特派员制度运行的不同模式。[研究方法]河北省乡镇科技特派员制度是创新科技服务的典型模式之一,是为了解决基层科技管理薄弱问题而产生的。其发展历程可以划分为基层发端、扩展延伸和全面推广三个阶段。从加强顶层设计,构建良好基层科技服务生态、坚持基层选拔,筑牢服务基层科技管理基石、精准服务基层,提供多方面基层科技服务等方面分析了河北省推行乡镇科技特派员制度的主要做法,并从“找得准、留得住、用得上、带得动、干得好”等方面总结了乡镇科技特派员制度的主要特征和实施效果。[研究结论]最后,总结了乡镇科技特派员工作存在的问题,主要有部分区域乡镇科技特派员科技服务不够深入、部分乡镇政府(街道办事处)对乡镇科技特派员工作重视程度不够、乡镇科技特派员工作现有平台及机制挖掘利用不充分。从激发内力、借助外力、凝聚合力、增强活力、释放带动力等方面提出了进一步发挥乡镇科技特派员优势、补位基层科技管理的对策建议。

以客户体验管理提升观众参观科技馆体验的思考——以中国科技馆为例

科技馆要成为观众喜爱的参观目的地,需要不断提升观众参观科技馆过程的体验。本文以中国科技馆为例,介绍科技馆开展客户体验管理的流程和方法:设定目标、梳理关键触点和驱动要素、采集数据、分析数据与改善行动、完善信息化平台。客户体验管理需要通过“采集数据—分析数据—改善行动”等步骤,精准改善各触点的观众体验,形成动态的改进机制,持续改善观众参观科技馆体验。希望本文能为致力于提升科普场馆观众参观体验的同行们提供一点启发,共同促进科普事业高质量发展。

Overview of clinical forensic services in various countries of the European Union

Examination of a person who has been a victim of a physical or sexual assault may be very important for upcoming legal proceedings.In the context of a clinical forensic examination,physical findings are recorded and biological trace material is gathered and secured.Ideally,all forensic findings are documented in a detailed report combined with photographic docu-mentation,which employs a forensic scale to depict the size of the injuries.However,the integrity of such forensic findings depends particularly on two factors.First,the examination needs to be conducted professionally to ensure that the findings are properly admissible as court evidence.Second,the examination should take place as soon as possible because the opportunity to successfully secure biological samples declines rapidly with time.Access to low-threshold clinical forensic examinations is not evenly provided in all member states of the European Union(EU);in some states,they are not available at all.As part of the JUST_(e)U!(Juridical standards for clinical forensic examinations of victims of violence in Europe)pro-ject,the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical Forensic Imaging in Graz,Austria created(in cooperation with its international partner consortium)a questionnaire:the purpose was to collect information about support for victims of physical and/or sexual assault in obtaining a low-threshold clinical forensic examination in various countries of the EU.Our paper pro-vides a summary of the responses and an overview of the current situation concerning pro-vided clinical forensic services.

Distributed Technology of E-Business and Its Practice

With the evolution of application system, there are t wo different system architectures. One is the traditional application system suc h as MIS and Business Software. Along with its extension, the traditional applic ation system transforms from file-based structure to C/S and then CSS model. At the same time, following the prevalence of Internet/Intranet, Web application s ystem based on browser comes into being. In early time, Web application only pro vided functions of looking over or querying static data on browser. But with the development of Internet/Intranet widely, it’s expected that more and more trad itional applications can be performed on browser, or even E-Business trades and other complicated application systems such as MIS, ERP and CRM and so on. In or der to satisfy both traditional application and Web application, reduce the cost of developing system repeatedly, increase the repeated use of application syste m and take advantage of the functions of OOA/OOD sufficiently, a new distributed architecture structure (system solution based on repeated components) comes for th. In this article, this distributed architecture structure will be discuss ed in detail. Firstly, the evolution of traditional application system and Web application sys tem will be talked over, especially the advantages and disadvantages of these tw o architectures. Secondly, the distributed architecture (system solution based o n repeated components) will be described particular. Several prevalent technolog y of component, such as COM+, CORBA and EJB, will also be illustrate d in this part. Thirdly, the practice of the technology of repeated component wi ll be discussed by analysing and designing the management system of Science & Te chnology Articles. Lastly, the latest distributed techonlogy of E-business(Web service based on xml/soap) will be discussed. In the end, Based on summing-up o f the distributed technology of E-Business, the future distributed tenchnology of E-Business will be expected.

Forensic data management and database systems in forensic investigations for cases of missing and unidentified persons in Brazil

Forensic investigations,especially those related to missing persons and unidentified remains,produce different types of data that must be managed and understood.The data collected and produced are extensive and originate from various sources:the police,non-governmental organizations(NGOs),medical examiner offices,specialised forensic teams,family members,and others.Some examples of information include,but are not limited to,the investigative background information,excavation data of burial sites,antemortem data on missing persons,and postmortem data on the remains of unidentified individuals.These complex data must be stored in a secured place,analysed,compared,shared,and then reported to the investigative actors and the public,especially the families of missing persons,who should be kept informed of the investigation.Therefore,a data management system with the capability of performing the tasks relevant to the goals of the investigation and the identification of an individual,while respecting the deceased and their families,is critical for standardising investigations.Data management is crucial to assure the quality of investigative processes,and it must be recognised as a holistic integrated system.The aim of this article is to discuss some of the most important components of an effective forensic data management system.The discussion is enriched by examples,challenges,and lessons learned from the erratic development and launching of databases for missing and unidentified persons in Brazil.The main objective of this article is to bring attention to the urgent need for an effective and integrated system in Brazil.

学科交叉融合驱动下的学科服务再造——以北京师范大学图书馆为例

北京师范大学图书馆学科服务团队在基于变革的基础上,秉持跨学科和交叉学科发展的要求,以学科用户为核心,开启了全新的学科服务团队再造。本文通过北京师范大学图书馆学科服务团队的实例,从六个方面全面介绍了学科服务团队的参与人员、组织结构、目标客户、潜在需求、服务产品和售后服务,并将重点放在推出系列“服务产品”上。学科服务团队以企业经营理念为指导,将学科服务产品巧妙转化为特色,推出了学科资源支持服务、信息素养支持服务、科研支持服务等产品。团队通过整合图书馆的各类资源,全面设计和布局学科服务体系,为目标客户提供全方位、精准化的学科服务产品。本文旨在为高校图书馆学科服务的理论研究和实践创新提供参考借鉴。

关于落实科技领域“放管服”政策的思考

国家出台科技领域的“放管服”政策,坚持问题导向和目标导向原则,坚持遵循科研活动规律,赋予了科研人员更大的项目管理权和经费使用自主权,有效地减轻了科研人员负担,强化了科研人员的主体地位,充分调动了科研人员的积极性和创造性。针对水利科技单位“放管服”政策执行中存在的问题,结合实际工作,提出进一步抓好“放管服”政策落实的对策措施,以进一步促进和提高中央财政科研经费的管理水平和使用绩效。

提升农业科研院所后勤服务外包管理水平的对策研究——以江苏省农业科学院为例

文章以江苏省农业科学院为例,介绍了后勤服务外包工作内容、运行机制及取得的成效,如服务专业性得到了保障、服务质量进一步提升等,但同时也存在着缺乏监管组织体系和规范管理制度、合同条款不完整、监管意识不强等问题,针对问题从建立监管组织体系、加强合同审查、提高外包工作监管意识等方面提出了提升农业科研院所后勤服务外包管理水平的对策,以期为农业科研院所进一步加强后勤服务外包工作提供参考。

面向政府宏观科技决策的科技管理数据服务模式构建

针对政府科技决策流程中的需求,以提供精准化、智能化的科技管理数据服务为目标,探究面向政府宏观科技决策的科技管理数据服务模式。首先,研究提出构建科技管理数据服务模式的6项基本原则,综合用户要素、数据要素和服务要素形成一个循环结构;其次,针对政府的科技政策决策、科技战略决策和科技规划决策,将科技决策流程细分为4个阶段,基于需求驱动和数据驱动理念构建包括数据资源层、融合分析层、数据服务层和决策需求层的科技管理数据服务模式,并进一步分析各阶段的具体服务需求和服务内容,为我国提升科技管理数据在科技决策方面的服务能力、推动政府由经验式决策向科学化和智能化决策方式转型提供参考。