The Role of Secondary School Teacher Training in Their Teaching Practices-A Secondary Publication

This work aims to analyze the effect exerted by the initial and continuous training of secondary school teachers in France on their teaching practices.For this,we carried out a secondary analysis of data from the TALIS survey(Teaching and Learning International Survey),conducted in 2013 in 34 countries,including France.In particular,we focus on practices related to the teaching methods used,classroom management,how to communicate,and the evaluative practices of teachers.In support of binary logistic regression models,we showed that the variables related to initial training play a weak role,and even exert a negative effect on certain pedagogic practices,leading to a reflection on the renovation of this training.On the other hand,our analyses highlighted the greater weight played by certain continuing education actions.

Exploring the Reform of"Teachers,Teaching Materials,and Teaching Methods"Based on the M1+XM Certificate

In order to promote the reform of vocational education,the state has issued the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan,in which the reform of"Teachers,Teaching Materials,and Teaching Methods"as well as the"1+X"certificate have been the most prominent topics for discussion.Facing new opportunities for vocational education development,popularizing the blend of"1+x"courses and certificates,strengthening the integration of production and education,as well as enhancing professional soft skills are urgent issues to solved.This article combines the"1+X"certificate of civil engineering professional construction drawings and analyzes the necessity of promoting the"1+X"professional skill level as well as the combination of certificate and curriculum construction in deepening the reform of"Teachers,Teaching Materials,and Teaching Methods."Several suggestions have been put forward for the reform of"Teachers,Teaching Materials,and Teaching Methods"which would be helpful for the practical exploration in the reform of"three teaching methods."

Contraceptive Experiences of Women of Procreation Age Who Attended Two HealthCenters in the City of Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire)

Introduction: Maternal mortality, which is estimated at 614 deaths per 100,000 births in Côte d’Ivoire, is associated with a low national contraceptive prevalence rate of 13.9%. In this study, we are interested in the contraceptive experiences of women who attend health centers to estimate their rate of contraceptive use and to assess the factors involved in the use of modern contraceptive methods among women of childbearing age who are exposed to the risk of pregnancy. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to September 2019 among 423 women, who attended two health centers in Abidjan. A bivariate analysis identified factors associated with contraceptive use by these women. A descriptive analysis determined the means for the quantitative variables and the frequencies and percentages of qualitative variables. Interpretation of results was based on significance (α = 5%, 95% CI). Results: Contraceptive prevalence was 37%. There was a significant relationship between contraceptive use and the socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of women (p Conclusion: Women who were over 35 years age, uneducated, primary school graduates, housewives, unemployed, in the informal sector, Muslims, nulliparous, and lacking information and decision-making power were less likely to use modern contraceptive methods. They are the target population for strategic interventions to improve contraceptive prevalence.

Diversified Teaching Method in Basic Piano Course Instruction for Higher Education Teachers

Diversified teaching plays an important role in the sustainable development of China’s basic piano course instruction for higher education teachers.A diversified curriculum system should be designed to promote the development of each student,and efforts should be made to cultivate high-quality talents who can adapt to the various needs of the society as well as to promote the reform and development of basic piano course instruction for higher education teachers.The aim of this study was to explore the teaching of basic piano course for higher education teachers based on the diversified teaching method.The teaching methods use for basic piano course were analyzed in this study,and two research methods were used to carry out the present study so as to effectively improve the operation of the diversified teaching method.Through a survey of the current situation of piano instruction in two higher education faculties,we can see that the teaching of basic piano course in higher education is still dominated by the traditional teaching method although the majority of students preferred the diversified teaching method.

On the Learner-Centered Teaching Approach——The Reflection Getting from New College English By ZheJiang University

This paper first focuses on a brief evaluation of the teacher-centered and the learner-centered methodologies and the relevant result and the necessity for changing. Secondly ,it represents the practical ways of teaching based on the learner-centered approach in classrooms to show how students' initiative is given .Thirdly , it presents the guidance for fellow teachers and students in group activities .The author of the paper believes that getting students started is the initial step towards active learning and fruitful teaching. It is proposed that efforts made to get students involved should focus not only on forms of activities but also on their contents , skill integration and establishing cooperative relationships between teachers and students or among students.

An Algorithm to Determine RBFNN’s Center Based on the Improved Density Method

It takes more time and is easier to fall into the local minimum value when using the traditional full-supervised learning algorithm to train RBFNN. Therefore, the paper proposes one algorithm to determine the RBFNN’s data center based on the improvement density method. First it uses the improved density method to select RBFNN’s data center, and calculates the expansion constant of each center, then only trains the network weight with the gradient descent method. To compare this method with full-supervised gradient descent method, the time not only has obvious reduction (including to choose data center’s time by density method), but also obtains better classification results when using the data set in UCI to carry on the test to the network.

On Improving the Classroom Environment of English Learning in College

This paper, firstly, acknowledges the importance of classroom environment and the problems existing in the college English classroom. And then, it offers some ways of improving the classroom environment which is very critical to evaluate educational programs and curriculum and provides guidance to teachers who are eager to boost their classroom teaching.

About the structure of posturography: Sampling duration, parametrization, focus of attention (part II)

There exists a great variety of posturographic parameters which complicates the evaluation of center of pressure (COP) data. Hence, recommendations were given to use a set of complementary parameters to explain most of the variance. However, it is unknown whether a dual task paradigm leads to different parametrization sets. On account of this problem an exploratory factor analysis approach was conducted in a dual task experiment. 16 healthy subjects stood on a force plate performing a posture-cognition dual task (DT, focus of attention on a secondary task) with respect to different sampling durations. The subjects were not aware of being measured in contrast to a baseline task condition (BT, internal focus of attention) in the previously published part I. In compareson to BT a different factor loading pattern appears. In addition, factor loadings are strongly affected by different sampling durations. DT reveals a change of factor loading structure with longer sampling durations compared to BT. Specific recommendations concerning a framework of posturographic parametrization are given.

Research on College English Teaching Model under the Computer Environment

The growing update of computer and global technology provides the raw energy for college English teaching to start a revolution and development. How to deal with the teaching methods by using computer network to build a pluralistic system of interactive teaching for college English curriculum is a serious problem. This paper combines the characteristics of college English teaching, exploring the teaching ways of teaching mode and multi-interaction network of college English. Besides, it also reviews the evidence which is based on independent learning theory and several learning models, analyses the relationship between the advantages of computer network teaching and learning ability of students and enhances the benefits between teaching in practice and computer networks teaching. According to the research and survey of the College English Teaching Model of a University, it validated the role in promoting new teaching model to improve students’ self-learning ability.

A hybrid vertex-centered finite volume/element method for viscous incompressible flows on non-staggered unstructured meshes

This paper proposes a hybrid vertex-centered fi- nite volume/finite element method for solution of the two di- mensional （2D） incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on unstructured grids. An incremental pressure fractional step method is adopted to handle the velocity-pressure coupling. The velocity and the pressure are collocated at the node of the vertex-centered control volume which is formed by join- ing the centroid of cells sharing the common vertex. For the temporal integration of the momentum equations, an im- plicit second-order scheme is utilized to enhance the com- putational stability and eliminate the time step limit due to the diffusion term. The momentum equations are discretized by the vertex-centered finite volume method （FVM） and the pressure Poisson equation is solved by the Galerkin finite el- ement method （FEM）. The momentum interpolation is used to damp out the spurious pressure wiggles. The test case with analytical solutions demonstrates second-order accuracy of the current hybrid scheme in time and space for both veloc- ity and pressure. The classic test cases, the lid-driven cavity flow, the skew cavity flow and the backward-facing step flow, show that numerical results are in good agreement with the published benchmark solutions.

A Five-year Follow-up Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Female Tubal Sterilization by Chemical Instillation

A multi center randomized clinical trial was adopted in the present study. 1705 eligible women with identical demographic and gynecological characteristics were divided into two groups: 871 using phenol atabrine paste (PAP) and 834 using phenol mucilage (PM). The five year follow up rates for the two groups were 97.5% and 98.1%, respectively. The multiple decrement life table analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the gross cumulative failure rates between the two groups. The 60th month gross cumulative failure rates for PAP group and PM group were 4.61% and 11.87%, respectively, thus indicating the efficacy of PAP to be significantly higher than that of PM. 97.7% users had cervical smear examinations, but no suspected cancer cells or cancer cells were found. Meanwhile, there was no known diseases related to the chemical reagent. This follow up study indicates that tubal sterilization by chemical instillation is a simple,safe and efficient female method. It suggested that this method would be introduced to a wider use on the basis of modification in the composition of chemical agents, standardized operational procedure, and improved administrative regulation in the use of this technology.

About the structure of posturography: Sampling duration, parametrization, focus of attention (part I)

This study investigates the choice of posturographic parameter sets with respect to the influence of different sampling durations (30 s, 60 s, 300 s). Center of pressure (COP) data are derived from 16 healthy subjects standing quietly on a force plate. They were advised to focus on the postural control process ( i.e. internal focus of attention). 33 common linear and 10 nonlinear parameters are calculated and grouped into five classes. Component structure in each group is obtained via exploratory factor analysis. We demonstrate that COP evaluation—irrespective of sampling duration—necessitates a set of diverse parameters to explain more variance of the data. Further more, parameter sets are uniformly invariant towards sampling durations and display a consistent factor loading pattern. These findings pose a structure for COP parametrization. Hence, specific recommendations are preserved in order to avoid redundancy or misleading basis for inter-study comparisons. The choice of 11 parameters from the groups is recommended as a framework for future research in posturography.

Erratum to “About the Structure of Posturography: Sampling Duration, Parametrization, Focus of Attention (Part II)” [Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 5 (2012) 508-516]

After reading the above mentioned article of [1], we identified a mistake considering the results of the paragraph “3.6. Nonlinear Parameters AP” and the related Table 5 (both on p. 512). Unfortunately, published Table 5 is a duplicate of Table 4, and therefore it is not possible for the reader to comprehend any underlying interrelations. To correct this mistake, we would like to offer the corrected table (Table 5) as follows.

Analysis of Urbanization Based on Center-of-gravity Movement and Characteristics in Songhua River Basin of China and its Southern Source Sub-basin between 1990 and 2010

Urbanization in modern times led to a series of development strategies that brought new opportunities in China. Rapid urbanization caused severe stress to the ecosystems and the environment. Using the center-of-gravity(COG) method and parameters such as population, economy, and land, we studied the urbanization pattern in Songhua River Basin and its southern source sub-basin from 1990 to 2010. Urbanization was analyzed based on the COG position, eccentric distance, movement direction of COG, and distance of COG movement. Various characteristics of urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River were explained in relation to the whole Songhua River Basin. Urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River is balanced, relatively advanced, and stable compared to the whole Songhua River Basin. The average eccentric distance between the urbanization COGs in the Songhua River′s south source basin indicated rapid expansion of land urbanization during the span of this study. A basic pattern of urbanization COG in the whole Songhua Basin was observed, but there existed differences among the three aspects of urbanization process. Land urbanization is still in its active stage, so future studies should focus on analysis of such urbanization trends.

An Interpretation of the Ideological and Political Construction of College Courses From the Perspective of Reception Aesthetics

With the continuous strengthening of ideological and political construction of college courses at present,the humanistic function of college course is gradually becoming clear.To achieve the goal of“establishing morality and cultivating talents”,how to make use of the humanistic function of college courses has become an urgent problem to be solved in the construction of college courses.Reception aesthetics takes readers as the center and focuses on the effect of works in readers’minds.From the perspective of reception aesthetics,this essay tries to interpret the ideological and political construction of a college course as a work,with teachers as authors and students as readers.Besides,taking College English Course as an example,it puts forward the basic strategy of implementing the ideological and political construction of college courses with proper teaching methods.

The Confinement Effect of Inert Materials on the Detonation of Insensitive High Explosives

The paper aims to theoretically and numerically investigate the confinement effect of inert materials on the detonation of insensitive high explosives. An improved shock polar theory based on the Zeldovich-von Neumann-Döring model of explosive detonation is established and can fully categorize the confinement interactions between insensitive high explosive and inert materials into six types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocities than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation. To confirm the theoretical categorization and obtain the flow details, a second-order, cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamic method based on the characteristic theory of the two-dimensional first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations with Ignition-Growth chemistry reaction law is proposed and can exactly numerically simulate the confinement interactions. The numerical result confirms the theoretical categorization and can further merge six types of interaction styles into five types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocity, moreover, the numerical method can give a new type of interaction style existing a precursor wave in the confining inert material with a larger sonic velocity than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation, in which a shock polar theory is invalid. The numerical method can also give the effect of inert materials on the edge angles of detonation wave front.

The Application of Team Teaching in EFL

Learning English as a foreign language has become a global trend.There is an open debate about employing non-native English speaking teachers(NNESTs)/local English teachers or native English speaking teachers(NESTs).In some East Asian regions like Japan,Korea,Hong Kong and Taiwan,NNESTs and NESTs work together as a team to teach students English.However,it is a relatively new idea in Chinese mainland.This paper review will introduce some basic points about this teaching method.

A Statistical Analysis of Point-like Sources in the Chandra Galactic Center Survey

The Chandra Galactic Center Survey detected -800 X-ray point-like sources in the 2°× 0.8° sky region around the Galactic Center. We study the spatial and luminosity distributions of these sources according to their spectral properties. Fourteen bright sources detected are used to fit jointly an absorbed power-law model, from which the power-law photon index is determined to be -2.5. Assuming that all other sources have the same power-law form, the relation between hardness ratio and HI column density NH is used to estimate the NH values for all sources. Monte Carlo simulations show that these sources are more likely concentrated in the Galactic center region, rather than distributed throughout the Galactic disk. We also find that the luminosities of the sources are positively correlated with their HI column densities, i.e., a more luminous source has a higher HI column density. From this relation, we suggest that the X-ray luminosity comes from the interaction between an isolated old neutron star and interstellar medium （mainly dense molecular clouds）. Using the standard Bondi accretion theory and the statistical information of molecular clouds in the Galactic center, we confirm this positive correlation and calculate the luminosity range in this scenario, which is consistent with the observation （10^32 - 10^35 erg s^-1）.