AN ANALYSIS OF PROPELLER LIFTING－LINE THEORY BY MATCHED ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS

Lifting-line model is developed for a propeller of large aspect ratio inblade-attached noninertial system. In the analysis of the method of matched asymptoticexpansions, a fictitious velocity potential is introduced. Control equation, boundarycondition and Bernoulli equation are derived in blade- attached system. The analysis ofthe matched asymptotic expansions shows that if the advance ratio of propeller is notvery small, lifting-line theory is still valid in blade-attached noninertial system for propeller.

A novel implementation algorithm of asymptotic homogenization for predicting the effective coefficient of thermal expansion of periodic composite materials

Asymptotic homogenization (AH) is a general method for predicting the effective coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of periodic composites. It has a rigorous mathematical foundation and can give an accurate solution if the macrostructure is large enough to comprise an infinite number of unit cells. In this paper, a novel implementation algorithm of asymptotic homogenization (NIAH) is developed to calculate the effective CTE of periodic composite materials. Compared with the previous implementation of AH, there are two obvious advantages. One is its implementation as simple as representative volume element (RVE). The new algorithm can be executed easily using commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software as a black box. The detailed process of the new implementation of AH has been provided. The other is that NIAH can simultaneously use more than one element type to discretize a unit cell, which can save much computational cost in predicting the CTE of a complex structure. Several examples are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new implementation. This work is expected to greatly promote the widespread use of AH in predicting the CTE of periodic composite materials.

Alternative Methods of Regular and Singular Perturbation Problems

Making exact approximations to solve equations distinguishes applied mathematicians from pure mathematicians, physicists, and engineers. Perturbation problems, both regular and singular, are pervasive in diverse fields of applied mathematics and engineering. This research paper provides a comprehensive overview of algebraic methods for solving perturbation problems, featuring a comparative analysis of their strengths and limitations. Serving as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners, it offers insights and guidance for tackling perturbation problems in various disciplines, facilitating the advancement of applied mathematics and engineering.

Thermoelastic Analysis of Non-uniform Pressurized Functionally Graded Cylinder with Variable Thickness Using First Order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT) and Perturbation Method

Recently application of functionally graded materials（FGMs） have attracted a great deal of interest. These materials are composed of various materials with different micro-structures which can vary spatially in FGMs. Such composites with varying thickness and non-uniform pressure can be used in the aerospace engineering. Therefore, analysis of such composite is of high importance in engineering problems. Thermoelastic analysis of functionally graded cylinder with variable thickness under non-uniform pressure is considered. First order shear deformation theory and total potential energy approach is applied to obtain the governing equations of non-homogeneous cylinder. Considering the inner and outer solutions, perturbation series are applied to solve the governing equations. Outer solution for out of boundaries and more sensitive variable in inner solution at the boundaries are considered. Combining of inner and outer solution for near and far points from boundaries leads to high accurate displacement field distribution. The main aim of this paper is to show the capability of matched asymptotic solution for different non-homogeneous cylinders with different shapes and different non-uniform pressures. The results can be used to design the optimum thickness of the cylinder and also some properties such as high temperature residence by applying non-homogeneous material.

SERIES PERTURBATIONS APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS TO N-S EQUATIONS AND MODIFICATION TO ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION MATCHED METHOD

A method that series perturbations approximate solutions to N-S equations with boundary conditions was discussed and adopted. Then the method was proved in which the asymptotic solutions of viscous fluid flow past a sphere were deducted. By the ameliorative asymptotic expansion matched method, the matched functions, are determined easily and the ameliorative curve of drag coefficient is coincident well with measured data in the case that Reynolds number is less than or equal to 40 000.

ASYMPTOTIC ERROR EXPANSIONS OF QUADRATIC SPLINE COLLOCATION SOLUTIONS FOR TWO-POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS

In this paper, we consider the following problem:The quadratic spline collocation, with uniform mesh and the mid-knot points are taken as the collocation points for this problem is considered. With some assumptions, we have proved that the solution of the quadratic spline collocation for the nonlinear problem can be written as a series expansions in integer powers of the mesh-size parameter. This gives us a construction method for using Richardson’s extrapolation. When we have a set of approximate solution with different mesh-size parameter a solution with high accuracy can he obtained by Richardson’s extrapolation.

AN ASYMPTOTIC ANALYSIS METHOD FOR THE LINEAR SHELL

In this paper, using the formal approach of asymptotic expansion for linear elastic shell we can get each term μ k successively. According this metnod the leading term μ 0 will be identified by an elliptic boundary value problem, other terms will be obtained by the algebraic operations without solving partial differential equations. We give the variational formulation for the leading term U(x) and construct an approximate solution u KT (x,ζ):=U(x)+Π 1Uζ+Π 2Uζ2, then we give the estimation.

The limit of the Boussinesq system of Rayleigh-Bénard convection as the Prandtl number approaches infinity

Benard convection is studied by the asymptotic expansion methods of singular perturbation theory and the classical energy methods. For ill-prepared initial data, an exact approximating 1 solution with expansions up to any order are given and the convergence rates O（εm＋1/2）and the optimal convergence rates O（εm＋1） are obtained respectively. This improves the result of J.G. SHI.

Asymptotic expansions of finite element solutions to Robin problems in H^3 and their application in extrapolation cascadic multigrid method

For the Poisson equation with Robin boundary conditions,by using a few techniques such as orthogonal expansion(M-type),separation of the main part and the finite element projection,we prove for the first time that the asymptotic error expansions of bilinear finite element have the accuracy of O(h3)for u∈H3.Based on the obtained asymptotic error expansions for linear finite elements,extrapolation cascadic multigrid method(EXCMG)can be used to solve Robin problems effectively.Furthermore,by virtue of Richardson not only the accuracy of the approximation is improved,but also a posteriori error estimation is obtained.Finally,some numerical experiments that confirm the theoretical analysis are presented.

Matched Asymptotic Expansions of the Eigenvalues of a 3-D Boundary-Value Problem Relative to Two Cavities Linked by a Hole of Small Size

In this article,we consider a domain consisting of two cavities linked by a hole of small size.We derive a numerical method to compute an approximation of the eigenvalues of an elliptic operator without refining in the neighborhood of the hole.Several convergence rates are obtained and illustrated by numerical simulations.

Dynamics of Vapor Bubble in a Variable Pressure Field

This paper presents analytical and numerical results of vapor bubble dynamics and acoustics in a variable pressure field.First,a classical model problem of bubble collapse due to sudden pressure increase is introduced.In this problem,the Rayleigh–Plesset equation is treated considering gas content,surface tension,and viscosity,displaying possible multiple expansion–compression cycles.Second,a similar investigation is conducted for the case when the bubble originates near the rounded leading edge of a thin and slightly curved foil at a small angle of attack.Mathematically the flow field around the foil is constructed using the method of matched asymptotic expansions.The outer flow past the hydrofoil is described by linear(small perturbations)theory,which furnishes closed-form solutions for any analytical foil.By stretching local coordinates inversely proportionally to the radius of curvature of the rounded leading edge,the inner flow problem is derived as that past a semi-infinite osculating parabola for any analytical foil with a rounded leading edge.Assuming that the pressure outside the bubble at any moment of time is equal to that at the corresponding point of the streamline,the dynamics problem of a vapor bubble is reduced to solving the Rayleigh-Plesset equation for the spherical bubble evolution in a time-dependent pressure field.For the case of bubble collapse in an adverse pressure field,the spectral parameters of the induced acoustic pressure impulses are determined similarly to equivalent triangular ones.The present analysis can be extended to 3D flows around wings and screw propellers.In this case,the outer expansion of the solution corresponds to a linear lifting surface theory,and the local inner flow remains quasi-2D in the planes normal to the planform contour of the leading edge of the wing(or screw propeller blade).Note that a typical bubble contraction time,ending up with its collapse,is very small compared to typical time of any variation in the flow.Therefore,the approach can also be applied to unsteady flow problems.

Construction of Bode Envelopes Using REP Based Range Finding Algorithms

The frequency domain analysis of systems is an important topic in control theory. Powerful graphical tools exist in classic control, such as the Nyquist plot, Bode plots, and Nichols chart. These methods have been widely used to evaluate the frequency domain behavior of system. A literature survey shows that various approaches are available for the computation of the frequency response of control systems under different types of parametric dependencies, such as affine, multi-linear, polynomial, etc. However, there is a lack of tools in the literature to construct the Bode envelopes for the general nonlinear type of parametric dependencies. In this paper, we address the problem of computation of the envelope of Bode frequency response of a non-rational transfer function with nonlinear parametric uncertainties varying over a box. We propose two techniques to compute the Bode envelopes：first, based on the natural interval extensions （NIE） combined with uniform subdivision and second, based on the existing Taylor model combined with subdivision strategy. We also propose the algorithms to further speed up both methods through extrapolation techniques.

Analytical Structure Matching and Very Precise Approach to the Coulombic Quantum Three—Body Problem

A powerful approach to solve the Coulombic quantum three-body problem is proposed. The approach is exponentially convergent and more efficient than the hyperspherical coordinate method and the correlation-function hyperspherical harmonic method. This approach is numerically competitive with the variational methods, such as that using the Hylleraas-type basis functions. Numerical comparisons are made to demonstrate the efficiency of this approach, by calculating the nonrelativistic and infinite-nuclear-mass limit of the ground state energy of the helium atom. The exponential convergency of this approach is due to the full matching between the analytical structure of the basis functions that are used in this paper and the true wavefunction. This full matching was not reached by most other methods. For example, the variational method using the Hylleraas-type basis does not reflects the logarithmic singularity of the true wavefunction at the origin as predicted by Bartlett and Fock. Two important approaches are proposed in this work to reach this full matching: the coordinate transformation method and the asymptotic series method. Besides these, this work makes use of the least square method to substitute complicated numerical integrations in solving the Schr?dinger equation without much loss of accuracy, which is routinely used by people to fit a theoretical curve with discrete experimental data, but here is used to simplify the computation.

Singularly Perturbed Solution of Three Species Volterra Model with Constant Harvest and Invest Rates

In this paper, we consider the three species Volterra model of the first-order nonlinear differential equations. Using the method of multiple scales, the.asymptotic expansions of solution for the original problem are obtained, and the uniformly valid asymptotic estimations of the solution are discussed.

ASYMPTOTIC ERROR EXPANSION FOR THE NYSTROM METHOD OF NONLINEAR VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATION OF THE SECOND KIND

While the numerical solution of one-dimensional Volterra integral equations of the second kind with regular kernels is well understood, there exist no systematic studies of asymptotic error expansion for the approximate solution. In this paper,we analyse the Nystrom solution of one-dimensional nonlinear Volterra integral equation of the second kind and show that approkimate solution admits an asymptotic error expansion in even powers of the step-size h, beginning with a term in h2. So that the Richardson's extrapolation can be done. This will increase the accuracy of numerical solution greatly.

An asymptotic analysis method for the linearly shell theory

In this paper, we consider a linearly elastic shell, i.e. a three-dimensional linearly elastic body with a small thickness denoted by 2ε, which is clamped along its part of the lateral boundary and subjected to the regular loads. In the linear case, one can use the two-dimensional models of Ciarlet or Koiter to calculate the displacement for the shell. Some error estimates between the approximate solution of these models and the three-dimensional displacement vector field of a flexural or membrane shell have been obtained. Here we give a new model for a linear and nonlinear shell, prove that there exists a unique solution U of the two-dimensional variational problem and construct a three-dimensional approximate solutions UKT(x,ξ) in terms of U: We also provide the error estimates between our model and the three-dimensional displacement vector field :‖u-UKT‖1,Ω≤C∈r,r=3/2, an elliptic membrane, r = 1/2, a general membrane, where C is a constant dependent only upon the data‖u‖3,Ω,‖UKT‖3,Ω,θ.

周期多孔区域压电特征值问题的多尺度渐近算法

针对周期多孔区域压电特征值问题,本文基于二阶双尺度(Second-Order TwoScale,SOTS)分析方法提出了多尺度渐近有限元法.该方法将压电问题的特征函数和特征值展开为周期参数的二阶级数,得到其均匀化特征值方程和均匀化系数,然后根据“校正方程”的思想计算了特征值的一阶和二阶校正.本文对该方法进行了算法实现,并在二维多孔结构上进行了验证.结果表明,该方法能够有效识别多孔区域的压电特征值,而且通过将校正项添加到均匀化解中还可以再现位移和电势的原始特征函数.

THE EXTRAPOLATION METHOD FOR A CLASS OF NON-SMOOTH FREDHOLM INTEGRAL EQUATIONS

For a class of non-smooth Fredholm integral equations we prove thatRichardson extrapolation method can be used to increase accuracy for finite ele-ment methods.On the basis of local refinement mesh,a superconvergence result isshown.Our theory also covers a class of non-smooth Wiener-Hopf equations andan application includes the calculation in certain linear elastic fracture problems.

A theoretical study of asymptotic boundary conditions for the numerical solutions of open-boundary static electromagnetic-field problems

Based on the multipole expansion theory of the potential, a satisfactory interpretation is put forward of the exact nature of the approximations of asymptotic boundary condition (called the ABC) techniques for the numerical solutions of open-boundary static electromagnetic-field problems, and a definite physical meaning is bestowed on ABC, which provide a powerful theoretical background for laying down the operating rules and the key to the derivation of asymptotic boundary conditions. This paper is also intended to reveal the shortcomings of the conventional higher-order ABC, and at the same time to give the concept of a new type of higher-order ABC, and to present a somewhat different formulation of the new nth-order ABC. In order to test its feasibility, several simple problems of electrostatic potentials are analyzed. The results are found to be much better than those of conventional higher-order ABCs.

用于复杂目标三维矢量散射分析的快速多极子方法

本文着重介绍了一类用于复杂目标三维电磁散射精确建模和数值分析的新型高效数值方法，即快速多极子方法（FMM）和多层快速多极子方法（MLFMA）．它在应用数值方法进行散射分析时，尽可能地调用各种高效分析手段以降低其计算量与存储需求．文中首先概括了FMM和MLFMA的主要理论，然后总结了它们与各种高效分析方法相结合的一些新的研究成果，最后简介这些方法的典型应用实例及发展前景．