A Study on Innovation Mode of Tourism Development in Minority Village

It was of vital significance for sustainable development of tourism in minority village to explore tourism development mode suitable for minority village.Based on comparison of development,characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of three modes which were Suoga mode,Shenzhen folk village mode and Langdeshang Village mode,it was considered that the contradiction between development of minority village economy,protection of national traditional culture and guarantee of villagers' benefits hadn't been radically eliminated in the three modes.In view of this,5Cs mode had been proposed which were culture,company,characteristics,community and concord;and running mechanism of 5Cs mode had been constructed,that is,environmental protection and cultural inheritance;government's guidance and company's leading;theme positioning and characteristic highlighting;community power-increasing and villagers' profit-obtaining;economic development and community harmony.

基于K-modes聚类算法的山东省传统村落空间风貌类型及区划研究

传统村落的类型解析及空间区划是开展传统村落整体性保护和区域性发展的基础前提,本文在对山东省传统村落调查的基础上,基于空间基因理论视角,从地景、聚落、建筑、文化4个层次构建起13个指标的传统村落空间风貌分类指标体系,并采用K-modes聚类算法对山东省177个传统村落进行聚类分析,得到八大空间风貌类型,进一步结合区域文化、地理特点及行政区划,划分出山东省5个传统村落风貌区,从宏观视角分析了山东省传统村落空间风貌特征及其形成与发展的内在逻辑和地理分布规律,为更加整体全面地认识山东省传统村落特点、开展区域性传统村落集中连片保护利用等工作提供科学参考。

Industrial Poverty Alleviation Model in Deep Poverty-stricken Villages in the Dry-hot Valley of Jinsha River: A Case Study of Poverty Alleviation in the Green Prickleyash Planting Industry in Laopingzi Village,Luquan County

Industrial poverty alleviation is the core of poverty alleviation in rural areas of China,and it is the fundamental way for the rural poor to achieve stable income and poverty alleviation. Laopingzi Village,Jiaopingdu Town,Luquan County,Kunming County,Yunnan Province,located in the dry-hot valley area of Jinsha River,has become a typical deep poverty-stricken village due to its special natural conditions.In recent years,in the battle to win the fight against poverty,the people of Laopingzi Village have achieved a virtuous cycle of the ecological environment and an access to get rid of poverty and get rich through vigorously developing green prickleyash planting industry. By the end of 2018,the incidence of poverty in Laopingzi Village Committee dropped from 45. 62% in 2014 to 1. 11%,and the green prickleyash planting industry had achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation. This article summarizes the specific practices of developing the green prickleyash planting industry in the village,analyzes the main results and successful experiences of the mode and discusses the inspiration of the implementation of green prickleyash cultivation on industrial poverty alleviation,so as to provide an effective practical example for the development and poverty alleviation of poverty-stricken areas.

Research on Eco-tourism Reconstruction Mode of Hollowed Village

Formation of hollowed village was analyzed from the perspectives of land use, infrastructure, population and industry, damages of hollowed village were proposed. Factors influencing regional applicability of the ecotourism renovation model for hollowed village were summarized, the evaluation index system was established according to limitation factors of the ecotourism renovation mode of hollowed village, as well as its operability and scientificity and comparable principle. On the basis of establishing the hierarchical structure and judgment matrix, weights of all indexes were defined, the indexes were graded and quantized, and finally grading standards for the regional applicability of the ecotourism renovation mode of hollowed village obtained.

Landscape Protection Mode of Traditional Villages in Ningbo

The protection of traditional village landscape is of great significance for inheriting traditional culture and keeping nostalgia.Taking the traditional villages in Ningbo as the research object,the mode of landscape protection of traditional villages based on the perspective of regional landscape was discussed.This study not only paid attention to the protection of material landscape,but also emphasized the protection of cultural belief and custom landscape,and transformed the intangible cultural belief and custom heritage into material landscape and it not only paid attention to the landscape protection with clear space mechanism of the clan courtyard,but also innovated the landscape space protection with relatively fuzzy space mechanism of the clan courtyard,and adopted different protection methods according to the clarity degree of the courtyard mechanism.In view of the village market space landscape,not only the single dependent architectural landscape protection was considered,but also the linear space landscape protection was emphasized.The idea and method of protection put forward show the historical existence of the value of ancient villages and better reflect the contemporary significance of "remembering nostalgia".

Development Model of Daren Village Pastoral Complex in Ningbo in the Context of Rural Revitalization Strategy

Daren Village in Ningbo has deeply explored the connotation of farming culture,and built an agricultural tourism health care industrial park integrating leisure agriculture,eco-tourism and healthy pastoral using the natural pastoral resources of the park.This pastoral complex achieves the goals of increasing agricultural efficiency and farmers'income and improving rural greening by strengthening industrial revitalization,integrating the"sixth industry"and building an urban-rural integrated development hub.However,in the process of development,there are also some problems,such as single development model,insufficient innovation,lack of brand effect,single financing mode and standardization of services.In view of these problems,this paper provides some scientific and objective guidance for the construction of domestic pastoral complex.

Reconstruction of Village Administration Mode in Building New Socialist Countryside

Firstly, definition of village administration is introduced. Then, through analysis of history, complexity and innovation characteristics of village administration, it points out that village administration plays a significant role in the reform of grass-roots government. Based on these, existing problems in village administration mode are discussed. It is believed that the administration subject (government), object (farmers), and administration measures have potential to explore. Finally, suggestions are put forward from perfecting village autonomy, role orientation of grass-roots government, and simplifying grass-roots government organs.

The Research on Protection of Historical and Cultural Towns and Villages in China

After the discussion of the protection process and significance for historical and cultural towns and villages and the introduction of survey and theoretical researches on them,five modes had been divided for the protection of historical and cultural towns and villages in China,which were original appearance protection,renovated utilization protection,removal protection,antique imitation development and real estate development.It had pointed out problems existing in historical and cultural villages' protection,which were that policies and regulations were incomplete and protective measures were laggard;leaders decided blindly and neglected experts' opinions;immediate interest had been highlighted and sustainable development been overlooked,capitals were lacked and management was disordered,and the publicity was insufficient and the masses had no high protection consciousness.On this basis,it had discussed the protection of historical and cultural towns and villages in the future,emphasized the completion of regulatory system and management mechanism,enhance capital investment and publicity education,and deeply explore material cultural heritages and non-material cultural heritages in historical and cultural villages,finally further studying the theories and cases.

基于K-modes聚类算法的辽宁传统村落划分及保护策略

本文基于传统村落的自然环境、人文历史、民居建筑等分类特征,使用K-modes聚类算法,对辽宁省30个国家级传统村落进行聚类划分,将其整合为景区依托型、民族特色型、生态文化型、休闲观光型、文化遗产型共五个类别,最后根据归纳的聚类典型特征,提出有针对性的辽宁省传统村落保护发展策略。

基于K-modes聚类算法的安徽历史文化名村分类及保护发展策略

以安徽省44个省级以上历史文化名村为研究对象,分析其空间分布特征与保护管理现状,并探讨影响其类型划分的具体因素。同时,借鉴学者关于历史文化名村和传统村落分类的研究,以地理条件、产业经济、社会生活、历史文化为主要维度,构建形成安徽历史文化名村类型划分的指标体系。基于此,运用K-modes聚类算法,将安徽历史文化名村划分为生态宜居型、文旅资源型、特色民俗型、综合发展型四种类型,并总结各类历史文化名村的典型特征,进而提出相应的保护与发展策略。

城市更新视角下纽约历史街区保护更新模式研究--以格林威治村历史街区为例

随着我国城市进入城镇化“下半场”,城市发展的范式产生转变,历史街区价值逐渐显现,历史街区的保护与更新成为城市更新进程中的重要类型。本文聚焦纽约历史街区保护更新模式的研究,以纽约格林威治村历史街区为研究案例,探讨了20世纪60年代纽约市《城市地标保护法》出台后,纽约市应对不同尺度、不同类型历史街区保护更新项目的模式机制。研究以历史街区的保护更新项目为对象,从历史街区遗产价值与更新模式相互关联的维度,梳理历史街区的发展背景和空间演化过程,解析了历史街区的层积性的历史价值、活态化的文化遗产和多样性的美学特征,详细阐释了应对历史文化传承和城市更新发展双重目标导向下,纽约历史街区从建筑单体到街区,不同尺度、不同类型项目的保护更新模式机制。

自组织理论视角下传统村落活态化保护治理模式研究

针对传统村落活态化保护的探索,目前大多关注于政府部门干预下的村落规划与地域文脉的契合、建筑与场地关系的协同等,但对于长期以来由村民主导的日常性活动及空间改造行为缺乏应有的重视。在传统村落日益衰败的背景下,如何审视政府部门直接干预与村民自发参与问题,是传统村落活态化保护利用过程中亟需予以关注的重点和难点所在。尝试从自组织理论视角切入,将其置于政府部门干预下的语境中,梳理传统村落日常性空间面临的问题与挑战,揭示其空间形式、组织模式与行为活动之间的内在相关性,进而针对性地解析与构建相关治理机制与策略。同时,兼顾作为中介的建筑师专业作用的发挥,形成“自上而下”他组织与“自下而上”自组织两种体系并行的活态化保护新模式,以期为传统村落持续发展提供上下联动、情理交融的创新思路与技术路径。

传统村落居民非遗日常生活实践中情感交换模式演变过程及机制——以皇都村侗族大歌为例

随着中国乡村振兴战略的推进,传统村落居民的情感受到越来越多学者的关注,而传统村落非物质文化遗产是其居民情感的重要载体,传统村落城镇化、旅游化的过程中,其非物质文化遗产承载的情感及其交换模式也在不断的演变。文章基于日常生活实践理论,以皇都村侗族大歌为案例,采用半结构化访谈和参与式观察等质性研究方法,通过构建“日常生活实践-情感交换”的分析框架,探讨传统村落居民在非遗日常生活实践中情感交换模式的演变过程及动力机制。研究发现:1)根据侗族大歌实践中的权力博弈演变,可将皇都村日常生活实践分为4个阶段:原始平衡阶段、被动妥协阶段、主动抵制阶段、融合再生阶段;2)皇都村居民非遗日常生活实践中情感交换模式的演变经过从互惠型依次向一般型、协商型和生产型转变的过程;3)传统村落居民非遗日常实践中情感交换模式演变具有系统性,外缘系统的演变推动内核系统调适,推动力、牵引力和支撑力构成其演变的动力机制。情感交换模式的演变过程展现居民在面对非遗资本化时的抵制策略与情感调适过程,对非遗保护实践中情感治理具有借鉴意义。

基于开发潜力的湖南省传统村落旅游发展模式探究

传统村落因区位条件、本底资源、基础设施条件等方面的差异,导致旅游开发潜力不一。以湖南省传统村落为例,从自然和社会两方面构建旅游开发潜力评价指标体系,基于评估结果对传统村落进行旅游发展模式探究。结果表明:①湖南省传统村落旅游开发潜力值为0.0778~0.6039,其开发潜力各异,需依据传统村落旅游潜力差异对其进行针对性开发;②根据高、中、低潜力区内传统村落旅游开发驱动因素空间关联的强弱程度,遵循“保护为主、合理利用、有效管理”原则,选择旅游开发空间关联强驱动因素对传统村落旅游发展模式进行研究;③高潜力区通过规划“点-轴”“核心-边缘”和“增长极”发展模式来促进传统村落旅游开发:中潜力区秉持“活态传承”发展理念,将其分为博物馆式、集散整合式、历史街区式和分区式;低潜力区坚持“原生态”式旅游发展模式。

新零售背景下小农户对接大市场的路径实践——以“盒马村”为例

在新零售发展背景下,以盒马为代表的新零售平台深入农业上游生产端,塑造了“盒马村”这一组织形态和经济模式。本研究在考察“盒马村”的产生逻辑和运作模式基础上,呈现“盒马村”所蕴含的小农户对接现代大市场的实践形式,并运用农政分析框架剖析“盒马村”的“生产—再生产”过程。研究发现,盒马将“盒马村”作为源头生产基地,打造了以“小农户—盒马村—盒马”为核心的供应链模式和市场结构。“盒马村”模式聚合乡村社会的内生性资源和新零售平台生态系统提供的外部资源,推动村庄内部形成稳定的组织秩序和生产秩序,从而成为一种将小农户组织起来并参与市场的有效路径。“盒马村”也发展成为转变农业生产方式,改善农户生计状况,推动农业转型和乡村社会发展的有力载体。然而,作为一种悬浮化的发展机器,“盒马村”潜藏着不确定的产销联结、不对称的权力关系和不平等的价值分配格局等风险。因此,需要着力构建特定的市场制度和条件,调适零售资本与乡村社会以及小农户的关系,充分发挥新零售平台的市场优势和积极效用,以“盒马村”为纽带,推动小农户与现代市场有效对接,使新零售等数字业态成为乡村经济社会发展的新引擎,为农业农村现代化和城乡融合带来更大的发展空间。

A-O模式MBBR工艺对村镇社区污水的脱氮效果

采用快速排泥法对硝化型和反硝化型MBBR反应器进行启动,并形成A-O模式工艺处理村镇生活污水。结果显示,通过快速排泥法,可以分别在20 d和10 d内完成硝化生物膜和反硝化生物膜的培养;在填充率为40%时,(20.0±0.5)℃水温条件下填料的平均硝化速率和反硝化速率分别为0.48 kgN/(m^(3)·d)和0.55 kgN/(m^(3)·d);当水温为(16.2±2.4)℃时,不投加外碳源,A-O模式的MBBR工艺出水氨氮和总氮可达到一级A标准;反硝化作用主要发生在缺氧池前端,硝化作用主要发生在好氧池后端。高通量测序结果显示,缺氧池前端反硝化菌主要为异养反硝化菌(相对丰度为19.14%),好氧池从前端到后端,硝化细菌菌属逐渐增加(相对丰度从3.09%增加到11.88%),好氧区填料存在一定比例的反硝化菌属(相对丰度为1.35%~4.11%)。A-O模式纯膜MBBR工艺启动迅速,脱氮效率高,系统简单、易于维护,适用于村镇污水处理。

基于PPP模式下的传统村落人居环境保护研究--以黄山市为例

随着城市化进程的加速,传统村落的人居环境面临着严峻的挑战。PPP模式作为一种新型的公共项目融资方式,为传统村落人居环境的保护提供有效的支持和帮助。首先,本文基于知网数据库,分析了在PPP模式下传统村落人居环境保护的关键影响因素。其次,以黄山市传统村落为研究对象,对采集的调查问卷数据分析与处理,得出关键因子的排序为交易结构因素>政策因素>人员因素>环境因素。最后,根据可能面临的博弈给出策略式博弈数学模型的研究方法,探讨传统村落人居环境的转型发展模式,为中国传统村落人居环境有机更新提供科学参考及实践借鉴。

基于批判性地域主义的豫南传统村落传承模式研究

在全球化背景下,我国城市扩张迅速,城镇化加快了传统村落的消亡。传承传统村落的地域文化,保护传统村落的空间聚落结构及建造经验,是实现传统村落可持续发展和环境生态化的有效途径。文章从自然特质、人文特质和建构特征三个方面对豫南传统村落的地域特征进行解析,基于批判地域主义理论的思想策略,提出了豫南传统村落的多元化传承模式,即恢复性建设模式、主动中心化模式、静态传承模式、动态传承模式、有机更新模式等。研究结果对传统村落的传承和美丽乡村建设具有参考意义。

五常市村庄绿化美化建设模式分析研究

村庄绿化美化建设包括现状调研、建设模式选择、树种与苗木选择,以及密度与配置等多个关键要素。通过对五常市村庄绿化美化现状和管理机制的调查,了解村庄绿化美化建设面临的问题,分析研究五常市村庄绿化美化的多种建设模式,提出乔灌草花相结合的多种园林景观式建设模式,以期对村庄绿化建设提供全面的指导和建议。

代际互助模式下的乡村村民活动中心设计探索

近年来村民活动中心快速设计建造,却忽视了村民的身心需求,文章将代际互助模式引入村民活动中心的设计中,以满足村民需求,促进农村地缘代际关系的融合。文章首先从配套设施、空间布局、服务人群三个方面梳理了村民活动中心的发展现状,其次总结归纳了农村老人、中青年、儿童的不同基础需求和精神需求,最后提出了代际互助模式下的乡村村民活动中心设计策略,以期为今后的村民活动中心设计提供理论支撑。