The Shaping of Environmental Rights Oriented Toward the “Needs for a Better Life”

With the continuous improvement in the protection of environmental rights in China,the demand for a“more beautiful environment”in the“needs for a better life”should serve as the basis for the formation of environmental rights.Environmental rights oriented toward the“needs for a better life”reflect the legal response to ensure that the environment meets people’s spiritual needs to a certain extent after the environment meets their health needs.Based on the provisions of the general personality rights in China’s Civil Code and related judicial practice,a legal normative interpretation of environmental rights oriented toward the“needs for a better life”can be established.At the theoretical level,the boundary of environmental rights should be determined by taking the obligation to tolerate as the bottom line.In the identification and protection of environmental rights in relevant judicial practices,factors such as the protection of reasonable expectations and the inertia of people’s perceptions of the environment should be fully considered with judicial discretion to render the positioning of judicial protection reasonable based on taking the obligation to tolerate as the bottom line.

The Art of a Better Life

XIAO Yanqing, a farmer over 40 years old, could never have imagined that his life could take a different turn when he started painting tigers in the late 1980s.

Supportive care needs and health-related quality of life among Chinese lung cancer survivors

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the supportive care needs and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of lung cancer survivors, and to identify the association between patient characteristics, HRQoL and supportive care needs. Method: This was a sub-study of a larger scale survey of cancer survivors’ supportive care needs. A total of 48 lung cancer survivors were recruited from a regional teaching hospital, and a three-part structured questionnaire was used to collect 1) socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, 2) supportive care needs and 3) health-related quality of life data. Results: The three most commonly reported unmet needs were all in the health-system information domain: 1) being informed about your results as soon as possible (58%), 2) being informed about cancer which is under control or diminishing (50%), and 3) being informed about things you can do to help yourself get well (46%). The second most common unmet need domain was access to healthcare and ancillary support services. The survivors generally reported satisfactory HRQoL. However, household income and unmet physical and psychological needs were independently associated with HRQoL among these survivors. Conclusion: The high unmet needs in the health-system information area call for a review of the content and amount of information provided to lung cancer survivors. In addition, more attention should be given to lung cancer survivors with low incomes but high physical and psychological unmet needs, who require appropriate follow-up and long-term care of a physical, social and psychological kind.

Understanding the Spatial Requirements that Facilitate Personal Leisure Activities of the High-Needs Elderly

The growth of the ageing population and the desires for ageing-in-place have resulted in an ever-increasing need for housing that can support the independent living of the elderly with care needs.As impairments and care needs increase,spatial use typically changes.However,there is limited information on how to accommodate leisure activities and spatial use in private dwellings to inform housing design.Through an ethnographic investigation of 30 high-needs elderly people living independently,patterns of spatial use for personal leisure activities were established.Seven key themes for residents’perceptions were revealed,which include;comfort in posture,access to sunshine and warmth,facilitating activities to occupy residents,views to outside,control for doing everything from one space,and keeping active.In the design of housing for the high-needs elderly,greater attention should be given to the micro-environment of the main sitting space,to improve occupant control while enhancing comfort and warmth.This paper provides key considerations for housing design,which will help elderly people continue their fulfilled life in their own home as long as possible.

The Analysis of Discrepancies between English for Specific Purposes Teaching and Needs Analysis of Job Requirements

This paper aims at strengthening teachers’understanding as well as optimizing future curriculum design of ESP(Eng⁃lish Specific Purpose).According to the literature ESP is one of the means for language learning and teaching,which is based on learners’needs.By adopting needs analysis,teachers are able to deeply and appropriately understand the needs from students and the real-life settings like working places in society.According to the three cases that have been reviewed,there are always discrep⁃ancies between teaching and learning in the classroom,and the real-life needs of job requirements in society.Combining the curric⁃ulum design of ESP and the method of needs analysis is an effective way to close the discrepancy.

Blooming Gardens: Live a Green and Better Life

With flowers in full bloom, the International Horticultural Exhibition 2019 Beijing (Expo 2019) kicked off in the capital’s Yanqing District last April. The Expo 2019, as indicated by its theme “Live Green, Live Better,” aims to “show the vision of green development, highlight the achievements of ecological progress, and promote the development of horticulture and green industries.”

Chinese People’s Pursuit for Better Life Unstoppable

COME rain or shine, the eforts of Chinese people in pursuing a better life are unstoppable, according to a Chinese language commentary which was published under the byline “Xuanyan” in the People＇s Daily on August 8. The 4,700-character article, titled “Create a Better Life, Come Rain or Shine,” summarized China’s development and reform since 1949, as well as its attitudes towards the challenges facing the country.

Smarter lndustry,Better Life

Intelligent technologies help China upgrade its traditional manufacturingindustry while bringing convenience to people＇s lifeLIKE the countless white-collar workers in China＇s many state-owned enterprises based in Beijing,Zhou Yun is busy from sunrise to sunset,with little time to devote to housework and cooking.But thanks to a China-developed intelligent technology,she now has the comfort of knowing that at the end of her long work day, a full bowl of hotsteamy rice is waiting for her back home.

People With HIV Now Live a Better Life

As a UN Volunteer, working with UNAIDS China, I have the opportunity to get involved in a wide range of areas. From working with community-based organizations, set up by people living with HIV to interacting with the media on topics related to HIV/AIDS to sup- porting campaigns to fight HIV/AIDS- related discrimination in the workplace, I get to do it all.

2005: Better Protection of Right to Life

The right to life is the essential and most important of all human rights. For an individual, it constitutes the prerequisite for the enjoyment of all other rights to which he or she is entitled. In 2005, the Chinese authorities planned a series of legal measures to provide still more effective protection of the right to life.

Palliative care needs and symptom burden in younger and older patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis:A cross-sectional study

Objectives:To investigate the current situation of palliative care needs and the symptom burden in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD)undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),and to explore whether there are differences between younger and older patients.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hemodialysis centers of two tertiary hospitals from November 2021 to June 2022.Participants were selected by convenience sampling.Sociodemographics,clinical characteristics,the Palliative Care Outcome Scale(POS),the Dialysis Symptom Index(DSI),and health-related quality of life(EQ-5D-3L)were used for evaluation.Descriptive statistics,between-group comparisons,and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:A total of 236 patients were enrolled,including 118 younger and 118 older patients.The total median(P25,P75)POS score was 16.0(12.0,23.0),and the score was higher in older patients(P<0.01).The mean total number of symptoms in MHD patients was 15.04±5.06,and the overall median symptom severity score was 59.0(52.0,71.0);these scores were higher in the older group(P<0.01).The most common symptom was dry mouth(91.5%),followed by itching(83.1%),and dry skin(82.2%).Additionally,palliative care needs were significantly associated with symptom burden and health-related quality of life(HRQOL).Conclusions:The results showed that patients with ESRD undergoing MHD have a significant symptom burden and moderate palliative care needs,which are more severe in older patients.Therefore,interdisciplinary teams should be formed to actively manage patients’symptoms and meet the physical,psychological,social,and spiritual needs related to palliative care to improve patients’HRQOL.

Development Imbalances in China:An Integrated Analysis with the Tsinghua China Balanced Development Index

The principal contradiction facing the Chinese society has evolved to be that between imbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.Given China’s vision for achieving moderate prosperity,it is relevant to conduct theoretical and empirical studies on the nation’s development imbalances.As a quantitative index,the Tsinghua China Balanced Development Index measures the extent to which development is uneven and insuf ficient across regions,re flecting the progress and shortfalls in China’s efforts to promote balanced development.Our findings provide implications for how policymakers may help people’s expectations for a better life materialize by spurring balanced economic,social,environmental and livelihood development across regions.

基于马斯洛需要层次理论指导的护理干预联合CICARE沟通应用于老年白内障术后患者的效果

目的:探究基于马斯洛需要层次理论指导的护理干预联合CICARE沟通应用于老年白内障术后患者的效果。方法:选取2020年8月—2022年10月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九一〇医院收治的84例老年白内障术后患者作为研究对象,并根据随机数表法将其分为对照组(n=42)和干预组(n=42)。对照组采取CICARE沟通护理,试验组采取基于马斯洛需要层次理论指导的护理干预联合CICARE沟通护理。比较两组治疗依从性与生活质量。结果:干预组遵医用药、合理休息、预防复发、配合治疗、科学饮食及心理控制各维度评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组中文版低视力者生活质量量表(Chinese version of the low vision quality of life questionnaire,CLVQOL)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组读与精细动作、调节能力、日常生活能力、远视力评分较干预前均升高,且干预组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于马斯洛需要层次理论指导的护理干预联合CICARE沟通应用于老年白内障术后患者,有助于提高治疗依从性,促进改善生活质量水平。

Good Life and Value Leadership

The way of human existence is to live meaningfully.A good life fundamentally reflects a harmonious and beautiful way of existence and state of being.People’s need for a good life is not only a question of how to meet that demand,but also of how to guide it correctly.The new era of good life is a lifestyle that abandons and transcends modernity,highlighting the human orientation of socialist modernization and manifesting the people-centered practical purpose and value implications.

美好生活:城市数字化治理的实践逻辑——基于成都市的经验观察

城市治理逐渐向智能化、智慧化和敏捷性方向发展,同时不断融合绿色、宜居、包容等新理念。已有成果探究了美好生活的内涵、特征和建设路径,相对忽视了数字治理的生活维度,少有研究将美好生活置于城市数字化治理转型进程中予以详细分析。研究提出城市数字治理美好生活逻辑的新命题,重点揭示城市数字化治理转型过程中美好生活逻辑的实现机制。城市数字治理嵌入居民微观生活实践中,并通过改变居民个体进而改善群体生活模式和生活经验。成都市数字化治理转型过程中呈现出美好生活的逻辑转向,并通过五种机制逐步推动居民美好生活的实现,即通过政策设计机制实现高品质宜居引领市民生活方式变革、通过数字助推机制实现全链条的居民幸福美好生活、通过共建共治共享机制完善全领域的居民幸福美好生活、通过服务进阶机制健全全周期的居民幸福美好生活、通过托底与提升机制实现全覆盖的居民幸福美好生活。城市数字化治理折射出居民生活方式的全面变革,通过技术和社会的高度融合实现美好生活的建设,进而促进国家现代化。研究探索出一种具有中国特色和时代特征的城市生活治理新模式,拓展了城市治理中的生活维度,同时为相关部门建设高品质居民生活方式提供了重要启发。

新时代美好生活的发展脉络、价值取向和实践路径

美好生活自古以来就是人们热切追求和持续探索的目标。从发展脉络来看,中华民族实现从站起来、富起来到强起来伟大飞跃的同时,人民的美好生活需要也不断得到满足。从价值取向来看,美好生活以促进人的全面发展为价值基石,以推动社会稳定发展为价值导向,以构建人类命运共同体为价值愿景,展现出中国共产党为人民谋幸福、为民族谋复兴、为世界谋大同的责任担当。从实践路径来看,中国共产党始终坚持以人民为中心,彰显根本立场;坚持“四个伟大”,把握总抓手;坚持“两个大局”,传递世界情怀,推动我国美好生活建设的同时携手各国建设更加美好的世界。

世界·国家·人民:习近平文化思想的三重“美好”向度

习近平文化思想内涵丰富、立意高远、博大精深,既有对不同文明交流互鉴与擘画美好世界愿景的展望,有激发全民族文化创新创造活力与建设更加美好中国蓝图的构想,还有对增强人民群众幸福感与提供多样化精神文化生活的行动。习近平文化思想从整个人类文明持续发展繁荣的国际视野、社会主义文化强国建设的战略视野、美好生活文化需求的民生视野三重向度,为当今世界文化发展和创造人类文明新形态提供了中国智慧和中国方案。

马克思主义视域下美好生活研究范式的转换——以方法论为中心

40年来的中国社会变迁可以分别用“生产型社会”与“生活型社会”加以概括。不同社会发展阶段的生产方式和生活方式是有差异的,评估方法也有所不同。新常态发展阶段的社会建设处于从生产型社会转向生活型社会的过程中,物质需求和精神需求成为双螺旋,形塑着生产方式和生活方式。当前的生活方式研究应从马克思社会理论、美好生活论和中国新发展现实相结合的视域,宏观上将“生产-生活”整体论和“中国为方法”作为美好生活论的基本面向,中观上将“生活者为方法”转换为“家作为方法”和“己作为方法”,从而实现生活方式研究范式的突破和创新。

“人民美好生活体育需要”:内涵解读、深刻依据与重要保障

满足“人民美好生活体育需要”是新时代新征程促进体育高质量发展、加快体育强国建设的目标所在。运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等,认为“人民美好生活体育需要”随着人们生活水平的提升和体育发展样态的丰富而持续拓展,具有深刻的学理基础和广泛的实践需求,既以丰富多样的物质性体育需要为基础,又以社会层面的精神性体育需要为提升。满足“人民美好生活体育需要”,是马克思主义体育学说的价值体现,是中国共产党体育观的初心体现,是社会主义体育事业的本质体现,是加快体育强国建设的目标体现,需要以立足人口规模巨大的国情为基础,以推动体育高质量发展为支撑,以打造良好的生态环境为依托,以实现共同富裕取得实质性进展为导向。

对人工智能的目的反思

人工智能是一柄双刃剑,反思其技术问题、引导其积极效能是哲学研究的基本任务。无论是人工智能的现状还是未来,人类真正需要并能够控制的对象,与其说是智能机器,不如说是人类自身,因此人工智能技术的真正问题在于人对待世界的问题。突破传统人工智能“技术漏洞—制度补强”的修补式思辨路径,以人工智能作为反观人类自身得失、促成美好生活实现的窗口,基于“人之主宰地位”及“人之本质定义”的视角重申敬畏之心、德性挺立之于人类生命及世界秩序的重要价值,可得到人工智能于美好生活的新的哲学向度。就此而言,人工智能作为一种人类发明的技术逻辑,终究是需要回归社会实践的,把握人工智能的安全性,以确保负责任的技术创新,是人工智能技术运用于生活的基本底线。而在美好生活的向度层面,首先就必须正视和接纳人工智能为人类之秩序与安宁带来的系列福利,其次要反思人类社会既有制度以及人性取向既有缺陷。在此基础上,反省现代社会人的价值追求、增进其对于他者的同情、对于世界的包容,既需要积极利用智能技术来提升生产效率与生活品质,也必须完善与之相应的人文及伦理与法律制度建设,从而最终实现美好生活所要求的,效率与公平、技术与思想、物质与精神的双向并进。