What are the keys to influence the life satisfaction of eco-migrants in the northern foot of the Qilian Mountains?A test based on the livelihood risk interaction

Eco-migrants'ability to adapt to livelihood risks and their satisfaction with lives directly affect the ecological and economic benefits of ecological migration engineering.To formulate an effective livelihood risk prevention system and welfare guarantee mechanism,we took the ecomigrants in Wuwei City as an example,developed an integrated analytical framework for life satisfaction and employed linear regression models to identify the interactions between livelihood risk and life satisfaction.Our findings indicate that 94.66%of eco-migrants in Wuwei City are threatened by livelihood risks after relocation.High living expenses,poor quality of redistributed production goods,and re-poverty constitute the main risks.The risk multiplicity index is 2.96.Besides cultural types,there are no significant differences in regions and livelihoods.A total of 55.73%of eco-migrants are satisfied with their lives,with the Liangzhou district scoring the highest.Except for satisfaction with development potential and public services,no significant intergroup differences were found among regions and livelihood patterns.Eco-migrant's life satisfaction is significantly affected by livelihood risks.Eco-migrants'satisfaction with living income,social integration,farmer-friendly policies and overall life is negatively affected by the risk of repoverty and inadequate social security.An ecomigrant's satisfaction with development potential and community construction is not influenced by one type of risk alone,but the interaction between risks has a strong influence.The interaction of welfare risks with economic risks and policy risks will balance and weaken the adverse effects of a single risk on those elements in the economic and policy spheres.This study offers novel ideas for rural revitalization,hollow governance,and well-being assurance.

Temporo-Spatial Distribution and Evolution of Ore Deposits in the West Sector of the Northern Qilian Mountains

The west sector of the northern Qilian Mountains is well-known for the Jingtieshan-type iron deposits. A new breakthrough has been made in prospecting for gold and copper in recent years. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of ore deposits in the study area are discussed from the viewpoint of tectonic evolution. It is suggested that there are 9 stages of mineralization from the Palaeoproterozoic to Indosinian. Four minerogenetic series and two minerogenetic subseries of ore deposits are recognized. Iron mineralization occurred in several stages, while most of the metals were accumulated in large amounts in the Caledonian. The enrichment and mineralization of gold is related to large-scale shear-strike-slip faults and the ascent and unloading of deep-seated fluids.

The Carboniferous at the Northern Foot of the Dabie Mountains and Its Tectonic Implications

In the Qinling orogenic belt. oceanic crust originated in the Early Palaeozoic. while the product of conti-nental collision appeared as late as after the Triassic. The Late Palaeozoic records there are of major impor-tance for understanding the tectonic regime at that time. The Carboniferous and even Permian sequences andthe distribution of sedimentary facies in northern Huaiyang indicate that the rocks were formed in a large basinopening towards the south. Regional stratigraphic correlation shows that the interior of the Qinling orogenicbelt was a sea trough lying between the Yangtze and North China plates in the middle part of the LatePalaeozoic. With subsequent northward migration of the South China Sea, the two seas were connected witheach other. Both the melanges and the Dabie block ia the eastern sector of the Qinling belt were formed in theMesozoic ?.

Space Structuring of the Northern Foot of the Qinling Mountains(Xi'an Section) based on Landscape City

Northern foot of the Qinling Mountains(Xi'an Section) is a transitional section between the Qinling Mountains and Xi'an City, so it has great ecological signifi cance. On the basis of sorting out landscape city, space structuring of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was studied within the theoretical framework of landscape city, it was disclosed that northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was a signifi cant ecological screen for the landscape city spatial pattern of Xi'an, and an important carrier for its "mountain, water and city" cultures. Then, fi ve infl uence factors for the space structuring of the study area were given, and basic contents of the space structuring analyzed from fi ve perspectives of spatial structure, spatial form, ecological environment, integration of regional spaces, historical and cultural context, so as to explore ecological conservation and moderate utilization of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains from the perspective of space structuring.

Fluid Activity and Tectonic Evolution in the Northern Qilian High-pressure Metamorphic Belt

The Northern Qilian high-pressure metamorphic belt has experienced multipledeformation-metamorphism, which consists of at least four stages. In 550.8-526 Ma, eclogites wereformed. High temperature and pressure caused the escape of a large quantity of gas-liquid fluidsfrom rocks while silicate melt was generated. In the late stage, small amounts of CO_2 and H_2Oinfiltrating along fractures were introduced. In the formation of glaucophane schist (447-362 Ma),devolatilization reactions were dominated during the subduction-uplift stage of the paleoplate. Inthe uplift-exhumation stage (400-380 Ma) the increase of internal space of fractures in the rocksfavoured fluid infiltration and concentration. These fluids participated in hydration reactions inthe retro-metamorphism. The fluids participating in the mineral reactions have the compositions ofCaCl_2-NaCl-H_2O. In subsequent thrusting (<380 Ma), the metamorphic terrain was uplifted to theshallower crust and ductile-shearing deformation took place, which caused mainly dehydrationreactions of minerals. In a near-surface environment the metamorphic terrain experienced brittledeformation, forming many accompanying fractures. Immiscible CO_2 and low-salinity aqueous fluidsoccurred in these secondary microfractures and were trapped and sealed. The thermodynamic conditionsof different deformation-metamorphic stages of the metamorphic terrain were calculated and thecorresponding P-T-t path was deduced, showing that the metamorphic terrain has experienced aclockwise path indicated by T- and P-rising, and T- and P-falling processes. This reveals that thesubduction zone has undergone multiple tectono-dynamic processes, i.e. initial deep burial,subsequent quick uplift and near-surface tectonism.

Geology,Geochemistry and Minerogenesis of the Shijuligou Zinc-Copper Deposit in Gansu,China

The Shijuligou deposit was separated by an arcuate ductile shear zone cross the center of the deposit region, resulting in the difference between the southern and northern ore bodies. The lead （Pb） isotopic data of ores of the Shijuligou copper deposit have averages of 206Pb/204pb, 207pb/204pb, and 20spb/204pb in 17.634, 15.444, and 37.312, respectively. It has been shown that ore-forming metals originated from intrusive and extrusive rocks in the upper part of ophiolites. The sulfur isotopic data of pyrite and chalcopyrite in the northern part change from ＋7.61‰ to ＋8.09‰ and ＋4.95‰ to ＋8.88‰ in the southern part. Isotopes of δ18O in the Shijuligou copper deposit are between ＋11.1‰ and ＋18.6‰, with the calculated δ18OH2O at ＋0.65‰. It is suggested that the mineralized fluid is a mixture of magma fluid, meteorological water, and seawater through circulating and leaching metals from the volcanic rocks. The zircon uranium-lead （U-Pb） dating of gabbro is 457.9_＋1.2 Ma, and the lower crossing age of the discordant and concordia curves of pyroxene spilite of zircon is 454_＋15 Ma. It is indicated that the Shijuligou deposit formed in a new ocean crust （ophiolite） of the back-arc basin in the late Ordovician. Mineralization should occur in the intermittence period after strong volcanic activity, and the age should be the late Ordovician. Moreover, the mineralization of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in the ancient orogenic belt of the late Ordovician in the northern Qilian Mountains was controlled by the primary fault/fracture, with the forming of a metallogenic hydrothermal system by a mixture of volcanic magma fluid and seawater, which circularly leached the metallogenic metals from the volcanic rocks, resulting in their accumulation. The ore bodies were transformed with morphology and metallogenic elements. Jasperoid is an important sign for prospecting such deposits. There were many island arcs in the continent of China. This study provides evidence for understanding and exploration of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in western China, especially in the area of northern Qilian Mountains.

基于“两山”理论的秦岭北麓乡村空间营建策略研究

空间营建是秦岭北麓乡村地区“两山”实践的重要保障.研究提出在乡村“资源-资产-资本”的转化过程中,应构建“两环节、三层次、多主体”的“两山”转化空间营建路径:以生态基础培育和多元增值开发为两大空间营建环节,构建“区域→单元→地块”三层次营建体系,建立多主体参与共赢的营建机制.研究以西安鄠邑区为例,梳理其在大都市圈发展背景下“两山”转化的乡村空间营建问题,提出“要素统筹、生境修复、产居转型、有序共建”四方面空间营建策略,形成地域适宜性的绿色共建模式,以期为地区乡村振兴和高质量建设提供借鉴.

Lower time limit on the UHPM rock exhumation: Discovery of eclogite pebbles in the Late Jurassic conglomerates from the northern foot of the Dabie Mountains, eastern China

Eclogite pebbles are first discovered in late Jurassic conglomerates of the Fenghuangtai Formation from the northern foot of the Dabie Mountains, eastern China. The eclogite shows relatively strong retrograde metamor-phism. The major remnant minerals are garnet, phengite, quartz, rutile, clinozoisite, fingerprint(or worm)-form sym-plectite and pseudomorphic enclosure of coesite in garnet. End-member components of the garnet mainly made up of grossular (27.7%-37.8%), almandinc (45.5%-49.0%) and pyrope (12.3%-25.7%). End-member components of the pyrope is less than 30%, i.e. equivalent to C type eclogite. Si-cations of the phengite are 3.44-3.54 p.f.u. (taking O=11as standard). It is estimated that the pressures are 2.5-3.2 GPa, the temperatures are 600-900℃. Discovery of the eclogite pebbles in the late Jurassic conglomerates from the northern foot of the Dabie Mountains suggests that the HP-UHP metamorphic rocks of the Dabie Mountains, which were formed in Triassic, had been exposed to the surface in

^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar isochron ages of lawsonite blueschists from Jiuquan in the northern Qilian Mountain,NW China,and their tectonic implications

Using laser 40Ar/39Ar dating method,we have gotten the metamorphic ages of lawsonite blueschist and epidote blueschist from Jiuquan,northern Qilian Mountain,NW China.The high quality laser 40Ar/39Ar dating of glaucophane from lawsonite blueschist gives an isochron age of 413±5 Ma.The isochron age obtained from phengite in epidote blueschist is 415±7 Ma.These data,combining with peak metamorphic P-T conditions and regional geological setting,allow us to infer that the lower limit of the ages of the prograde subduction metamorphism from lawsonite blueschist facies to epidote blueschist facies occurred at ca.413-415 Ma,which also suggests that the formation of lawsonite blueschist in the northern Qilian Mountain maybe resulted from the corner flow in the cold subduction zone.This study shows that the final closing time of the northern Qilian remnant oceanic basin is about 413-415 Ma,which also represents the convergent age between the North China Craton and the Qaidam block.

秦岭北麓乡村可持续发展的环境美学评价体系构建

构建秦岭北麓乡村的环境美学评价体系,旨在优化景观发展,通过视觉美感、自然环境、生态平衡、文化传承和居民满意度等多维度指标,采用定量与定性分析,为乡村规划提供科学支持,促进生态文明,推动区域可持续发展,并为相似乡村地区提供参考。

祁连山北麓荒漠草原5种优势植物生物量与土壤养分特征

为明晰荒漠草原优势植物的植物生物量与土壤养分关系,研究选取祁连山北麓肃北区域荒漠草原骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)、碱茅(Pucci-nellia distans)和冰草(Agropyron cristatum)5种优势植物,测定该其生物量和根际土壤养分,探究其植物生物量分配及其与土壤养分间的关系。结果表明:(1)5种优势植物间总生物量和根冠比差异显著(P<0.05),骆驼蓬总生物量最高,碱茅最低。多年生的骆驼蓬、碱茅、中华羊茅和冰草植物生物量大部分集中在地下,一年生的狗尾草植物生物量大部分集中在地上,不同植物间根冠比大小为:碱茅>冰草>中华羊茅>骆驼蓬>狗尾草。(2)5种植物根际土壤有机碳、碱解氮、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾及其化学计量特征均存在显著差异(P<0.05),5种植物根际间土壤碳氮比大小为碱茅>狗尾草>冰草>骆驼蓬>中华羊茅。(3)不同植物生物量、根冠比及土壤养分变异性不一致,骆驼蓬、狗尾草和中华羊茅的根际土壤全钾与碱茅和冰草的根际土壤含水量等均为弱变异,而土壤养分及其化学计量特征为中等变异。5种优势植物的生物量与根际土壤碱解氮和全钾呈正相关性(P<0.05)。可见荒漠草原生态系统中植物生物量分配和根际土壤养分在生活史和物种间的差异较大,今后应根据不同优势植物养分需求,合理施肥来修复退化的荒漠生态系统。

基于AHP-EWM-TOPSIS的秦岭北麓西安段冰酒葡萄生态适宜性评价

本研究旨在评估冰酒葡萄(Ice wine grape)在秦岭北麓西安段的生态适宜性,以促进该作物种植的经济潜力并优化当地葡萄产业结构。根据冰酒葡萄生长需求和秦岭北麓自然气候特点,研究选取最冷月均温、≥10℃有效积温、生长季干燥度、坡度、土壤pH等评价因子,确立冰酒葡萄适宜性评价体系。基于秦岭北麓西安段2000—2021年逐日气象观测数据、生态数据,采用层次分析法(AHP)、改进熵值法(EWM)、TOPSIS综合评价法,本研究构建了一个冰酒葡萄种植综合区划评估模型,对影响冰酒葡萄种植的气候、地形、土壤三大指标的空间分布进行分析。经统计分析得出最适宜区、适宜区、次适宜区和不适宜区4个等级。结果表明,所提出的方法能够有效地识别秦岭北麓西安段内冰酒葡萄种植的生态优势区域,且所得区划结果与实际情况高度一致。这一发现对冰酒葡萄种植的区域布局和科学规划提供了重要参考。

秦岭北麓筠竹种子育苗试验

因气候条件的限制,秦岭北麓很难获得竹子种子,因而难以通过播种育苗获得造林绿化所需要的大量苗木。2019年7月在秦岭北麓陕西省楼观台国有生态实验林场辖区的森林公园内发现了一株筠竹开花并结实,遂采集种子,开展了播种试验,以期探讨秦岭北麓竹种子育苗的可行性。结果显示,筠竹采种后在室温下贮藏,第2年播种的出苗率为25.4%;实生苗前3年的生长状况优于秦岭北麓优势竹种淡竹的生长。该研究表明,在秦岭北麓筠竹通过播种进行繁殖是可行的,并探索了一套实生苗繁育的管理经验,可在一定范围内推广,为绿化造林和生态建设提供大量苗木。

秦岭北麓西安段峪口村落洪涝适应性营建智慧研究

秦岭北麓西安段为洪涝灾害多发区域.在长期同雨洪博弈共生的过程中,当地传统村落形成了以低技术、低成本、低维护为特征的洪涝适应性智慧.在洪涝风险日益增多的当下,这些传统实践智慧对促进区域人水和谐、洪涝韧性和可持续发展具有重要借鉴意义.以秦岭北麓典型区域内峪口传统村落为例,基于田野调查、多源数据比对互证法和图解分析法,本文旨在阐明洪涝适应与村落营建关系的基础上,在选址、街巷布局及洪涝管控设施系统等三个方面,系统研究其洪涝适应性营建智慧,以期在新时期为城乡洪涝韧性人居环境规划营建,提供理论和经验借鉴.

祁连山-柴北缘地区岩浆活动的时空分布、成因演变及构造岩浆演化

祁连山及邻区广泛出露有形成于不同时代、具有复杂成因类型的侵入岩类,它们记录了祁连山、柴北缘和宗务隆构造带多阶段、多期次的构造岩浆事件。根据侵入岩的空间展布情况、年代学时空格架和岩石成因类型,祁连山-柴北缘地区的侵入岩浆活动主要可分为3个阶段:前寒武纪(2.47 Ga~561 Ma)、早古生代—泥盆纪(517~360 Ma)、中晚二叠世—三叠纪(271~210Ma)。(1)前寒武纪花岗岩(2470~561 Ma)的形成记录了区内古老大陆的聚合、离散过程及北祁连洋的开启。(2)自前寒武纪末期洋盆打开以来,祁连山和柴北缘地区在517~359 Ma形成有大量的侵入岩类,祁连山、柴北缘和宗务隆地区自中泥盆世以来开始明显的显示出相对独立的构造-岩浆演化过程。其中,自517 Ma以后,祁连山地区形成有俯冲成因地球化学特征的花岗岩、埃达克质岩石和碱性花岗类,与区内同期火山岩一同构成弧盆系的火山-侵入岩组合;中南祁连在奥陶纪(452~444 Ma)和早志留世初(431 Ma)广泛形成的强过铝质S型碰撞成因花岗岩与晚奥陶世出现的磨拉石沉积建造,表明了祁连山碰撞造山事件发生于晚奥陶世—早泥盆世(452~431Ma)阶段;柴北缘地区可能于463 Ma左右已经开始进入碰撞-后碰撞造山阶段,略早于祁连山地区。440~425 Ma阶段,大量高Mg中性侵入岩和具有正εNd(t)、εHf(t)值同位素特征的埃达克质岩类,与430~420 Ma阶段的A型花岗岩,共同代表了中-南祁连后碰撞造山伸展作用。至泥盆纪,祁连山和柴北缘地区岩浆作用显示相对独立的构造演化进程。祁连地区该阶段侵入岩浆活动开始急剧减弱,北祁连少量形成于409~402 Ma阶段的A型花岗岩、中南祁连386 Ma的辉绿岩岩墙和老君山组山间磨拉石的出现,为祁连山在中泥盆世开始由后碰撞造山转为陆内伸展作用的地质记录;柴北缘地区在402~367 Ma折返及后续造山过程中发育有高Sr、低Y型花岗岩,且几乎同期形成有少量板块拆离成因的A型花岗岩(413~391 Ma)。晚泥盆世牦牛山组陆相砾岩-裂谷系火山岩建造,及早—中泥盆世至晚二叠世宗务隆山南缘-隆务峡、兴海-赛什塘-苦海等地断续出露的镁铁、超镁铁质岩石,可能与相对广泛的陆内裂解事件及宗务隆洋的形成、演化有关。(3)中晚二叠世—三叠纪(271~210 Ma),祁连山全区花岗岩浆活动仍较为微弱,但宗务隆构造带在中生代构成一期显著而特有的岩浆活动期。晚二叠世—早三叠世花岗岩形成于宗务隆洋向南的俯冲环境,240~220 Ma阶段的花岗岩与西秦岭地区碰撞-后碰撞成因花岗岩显示有相似的地球化学特征。至215 Ma,宗务隆地区A型花岗岩的发现标志了宗务隆构造带及邻区已全部进入了陆内造山阶段,整个秦-祁整个地区主造山期已经结束。三叠纪以后(<201 Ma),祁连山和柴北缘地区几乎无侵入岩浆活动。

基于矿质元素的赤霞珠葡萄酒产地溯源

为探讨基于矿质元素的赤霞珠葡萄酒产地溯源的可行性,分析新疆天山北麓产区与其他4个产区(宁夏、甘肃、河北、山东)赤霞珠葡萄酒中的23种矿质元素含量,结合多元统计方法,构建有效的葡萄酒产地溯源模型。结果表明:天山北麓与宁夏、甘肃、河北、山东产区葡萄酒中P、Mg、Sr、Ti、Al、Cu、Ba具有显著(p<0.05)或极显著差异(p<0.01),可以作为区分不同产区葡萄酒的特征性元素。以23种矿质元素为依据的Fisher判别分析,筛选出P、Sr、Al 3种对产地判别显著的元素,建立的判别函数对天山北麓和其他4个产区葡萄酒的初始验证和交叉验证整体正确判别率分别为96.43%和89.29%。基于矿质元素分析能够对赤霞珠葡萄酒进行产地溯源,区分新疆天山北麓与宁夏、甘肃、河北、山东产区的葡萄酒。

阴山北麓农牧交错带马铃薯脱毒种薯品种比较试验

为筛选出适宜于阴山北麓农牧交错带全国马铃薯种薯主要生产基地的品种,促进产业发展,将持证种薯企业30个马铃薯品种的原种进行比较试验。结果表明,马铃薯不同品种间的产量、商品薯率、单株平均结薯个数、单株不同重量平均结薯个数、淀粉含量和干物质含量均达极显著差异。30个品种的产量为21~70 t/hm^(2)、商品薯率为23.4%~94.6%、单株结薯个数为3.3~13.3个、干物质含量为15.5%~28.0%、淀粉含量为9.8%~22.3%。最高产量在60 t/hm^(2)及以上有4个,分别为冀张薯12号、中加16号、民丰12号和中加7号;最低产量在25 t/hm^(2)及以下有2个,分别为中薯早43和东农310,其余在45~60 t/hm^(2)有20个,在30~45 t/hm^(2)有4个。商品薯率较高的为京张薯1号、冀张薯12号和京张薯3号,平均为93.3%;商品薯率最低的是东农310,为23.4%。单株结薯总个数最高的是华颂58,平均为13.3个;较低的品种有5个,分别为后旗红、青薯9号、京张薯1号、中薯早43号和晋薯16号,平均为3.9个;150 g以上结薯个数东农310最低,为0.2个。干物质含量最高的是中加11,为28.1%;较低的是中加2号、中加7号和华颂香早,平均含量为15.9%。淀粉含量经聚类分析,分为高、中和低淀粉品种3种类型,东农310和中加11为高淀粉品种,平均含量为21.28%。

祁连山北缘沉积变质型铁矿综合信息找矿预测

以祁连山北缘西段为研究区,以沉积变质型铁矿为预测矿种,通过铁矿成矿地质规律研究,总结找矿模型,确定找矿标志。基于GIS信息处理技术及其空间分析功能,运用ArcMap、MapGIS平台提取并分析研究区的多源成矿有利地质信息。认为区内沉积变质型铁矿的成矿有利地层为长城系桦树沟组,断裂是主要控矿构造,8 km是断裂的最佳控矿范围,岩体不是研究区内沉积变质型铁矿的主要控矿因素;Zn、Mn、Ba异常可以作为研究区内沉积变质型铁矿的重要找矿标志。运用证据权法,将研究区划分为810个网格单元,提取17个证据因子进行成矿预测,共圈定了14个A级、3个B级成矿远景区,为研究区的找矿工作提供理论和实践参考。

阴山北麓旱作区主要作物需水量及需水规律分析

为分析阴山北麓旱作区主要作物需水量和离水规律,根据阴山北麓地区作物和气候资料,计算该地区主要作物的需水量,并对不同作物水分利用情况进行评价。结果表明:阴山北麓旱作区主要栽培作物在不同生育阶段对水分的需求量不同,各作物需水量大小依次为:向日葵>玉米>多年生苜蓿>马铃薯>莜麦>春小麦,并分析作物需水与作物生长的关系。考虑到作物在该地区产量和种植面积的优势,应优先考虑马铃薯的种植。玉米和多年生苜蓿是阴山北麓旱作区重要的饲草料作物,由于该地区热量和水分不足,推广大面积种植受到制约。综上所述,基于水资源高效利用的优化作物布局,能够促进该地区水资源合理利用和农牧业的可持续发展。

内蒙古阴山北麓马铃薯品种适应性的比较试验

为筛选出适宜内蒙古阴山北麓的马铃薯品种,促进马铃薯产业高效发展,特对当地有一定种植面积的17个马铃薯品种进行适应性比较试验,其中冀张薯12号为对照。结果表明,从成熟期的聚类分析,“早熟”的品种仅有一个,珍妮,“中晚熟”的品种有中薯18号、褐色布尔班克、北方008、冀张薯12号、华颂7号和北方007,其余品种为“中熟”。株高方面北方,008的处于显著最高水平,中薯18号、褐色布尔班克、北方007、希森3号和久恩1号与对照品种冀张薯12号差异不显著,其他品种均显著低于对照品种冀张薯12号。商品薯率方面华颂34和华颂88均显著高于对照,华颂7号显著低于对照,其余品种与对照差异不显著。产量方面北方007和希森3号平均亩产显著高于对照,希森8号、褐色布尔班克、华颂66和华颂7号显著低于对照,其余品种与对照差异不显著。综合分析试验品种的商品率和产量,华颂34、华颂88、北方007、希森3号、中加2号、珍妮、久恩1号、华颂34、希森6号、中加1号、北方008、中薯18号和冀张薯12号均可在当地大面积推广,其余品种有待于进一步试验验证。