Altitudinal bird migration involves seasonal shifts up and down the altitude gradient annually.Asia as the place with the largest number of altitudinal migrants,has quite few related studies,especially for montane and...Altitudinal bird migration involves seasonal shifts up and down the altitude gradient annually.Asia as the place with the largest number of altitudinal migrants,has quite few related studies,especially for montane and temperate avifaunas.To explore the potential drivers of seasonal altitudinal migration for birds in the middle of Hengduan Mountains,we conducted a three-year investigation on breeding and non-breeding season bird communities at eight elevational bands(1200–4200 m)in the Gongga Mountains.We examined the altitudinal migration patterns and relationships between seasonal distribution shifts and species'traits of 50 species with sufficient data recorded in both seasons.We found that a large proportion of breeding birds underwent altitudinal migration and showed three migration patterns(downslope shift,upslope shift,no shift).Seasonal distribution shifts were mainly correlated with certain ecological traits.Species breeding at high and mid-elevations,nesting in scrub and being omnivorous are more likely to show downslope movements during the non-breeding season.In addition,territorially weaker species exhibited more diverse migration patterns.Notably,we found the hand-wing index(HWI)was actually more convincing than body mass in explaining altitudinal migration.These results consolidate the studies of seasonal altitudinal migration in montane birds.Our study could be used to bridge existing knowledge gaps that currently impeding effective conservation for montane avifaunas in the Hengduan Mountains.展开更多
Genetic diversity is one of the three dimensions of biodiversity and fundamental to various life forms on the Earth.Understanding the distribution pattern of genetic diversity and its driving forces has been an import...Genetic diversity is one of the three dimensions of biodiversity and fundamental to various life forms on the Earth.Understanding the distribution pattern of genetic diversity and its driving forces has been an important topic in ecology,biogeography and conservation biology since the last decade.We investigated the genetic diversity pattern of passerine birds in the Mountains of Southwest China,a global biodiversity hotspot with the highest species richness of birds in the entire Eurasia,and explored the influencing forces of environmental variables on genetic diversity.We compiled 1189 Cytochrome b sequences of 27 passerine species from 152 geographic sites,covering the range of Mountains of Southwest China and its adjoining areas.We generated genetic diversity distribution maps using a grid-cell method based on nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity indices.We further analyzed the variation pattern of the two indices along latitudinal,longitudinal,and elevational gradients.The correlations between the two indices and environmental variables were also evaluated.The nucleotide diversity hotspots were mostly located in the southern Hengduan Mountains,while for haplotype diversity,three hotspots were detected:the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,the southern Hengduan Mountains and the Qinling Mountains.There was no monotonic increasing or decreasing pattern in nucleotide diversity or haplotype diversity along latitudinal,longitudinal or elevational gradients except for altitudinal range.Correlation and model selection analyses detected multiple environmental variables in driving genetic diversity patterns,including temperature,precipitation,vegetation,human influence,longitude and altitude range.Similar to the pattern of species richness,the nucleotide diversity pattern of passerine birds in the Mountains of Southwest China presents a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast,while the haplotype diversity pattern is more likely decreased from west to east.Our results indicate that the distribution pattern of genetic diversity may be derived from the complex topography and diverse microclimates in the Mountains of Southwest China.展开更多
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK0501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772478,31501851).
文摘Altitudinal bird migration involves seasonal shifts up and down the altitude gradient annually.Asia as the place with the largest number of altitudinal migrants,has quite few related studies,especially for montane and temperate avifaunas.To explore the potential drivers of seasonal altitudinal migration for birds in the middle of Hengduan Mountains,we conducted a three-year investigation on breeding and non-breeding season bird communities at eight elevational bands(1200–4200 m)in the Gongga Mountains.We examined the altitudinal migration patterns and relationships between seasonal distribution shifts and species'traits of 50 species with sufficient data recorded in both seasons.We found that a large proportion of breeding birds underwent altitudinal migration and showed three migration patterns(downslope shift,upslope shift,no shift).Seasonal distribution shifts were mainly correlated with certain ecological traits.Species breeding at high and mid-elevations,nesting in scrub and being omnivorous are more likely to show downslope movements during the non-breeding season.In addition,territorially weaker species exhibited more diverse migration patterns.Notably,we found the hand-wing index(HWI)was actually more convincing than body mass in explaining altitudinal migration.These results consolidate the studies of seasonal altitudinal migration in montane birds.Our study could be used to bridge existing knowledge gaps that currently impeding effective conservation for montane avifaunas in the Hengduan Mountains.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(3213000355,32070434,and 31900320)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA19050202)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0304,2019QZKK0501)。
文摘Genetic diversity is one of the three dimensions of biodiversity and fundamental to various life forms on the Earth.Understanding the distribution pattern of genetic diversity and its driving forces has been an important topic in ecology,biogeography and conservation biology since the last decade.We investigated the genetic diversity pattern of passerine birds in the Mountains of Southwest China,a global biodiversity hotspot with the highest species richness of birds in the entire Eurasia,and explored the influencing forces of environmental variables on genetic diversity.We compiled 1189 Cytochrome b sequences of 27 passerine species from 152 geographic sites,covering the range of Mountains of Southwest China and its adjoining areas.We generated genetic diversity distribution maps using a grid-cell method based on nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity indices.We further analyzed the variation pattern of the two indices along latitudinal,longitudinal,and elevational gradients.The correlations between the two indices and environmental variables were also evaluated.The nucleotide diversity hotspots were mostly located in the southern Hengduan Mountains,while for haplotype diversity,three hotspots were detected:the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,the southern Hengduan Mountains and the Qinling Mountains.There was no monotonic increasing or decreasing pattern in nucleotide diversity or haplotype diversity along latitudinal,longitudinal or elevational gradients except for altitudinal range.Correlation and model selection analyses detected multiple environmental variables in driving genetic diversity patterns,including temperature,precipitation,vegetation,human influence,longitude and altitude range.Similar to the pattern of species richness,the nucleotide diversity pattern of passerine birds in the Mountains of Southwest China presents a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast,while the haplotype diversity pattern is more likely decreased from west to east.Our results indicate that the distribution pattern of genetic diversity may be derived from the complex topography and diverse microclimates in the Mountains of Southwest China.
文摘机场鸟类群落的多样性及变化是机场鸟击防控关注的重点,了解机场飞行区鸟类多样性与周边景观格局的关系可以为机场鸟击防控提供科学指导。2022年1—12月,每月对成都天府国际机场东、西跑道的鸟类进行调查,运用景观指数量化两跑道外1 km、2 km、3 km 3个尺度内的景观特征,以研究两跑道外不同范围景观格局对场内鸟类组成和多样性的影响。结果发现:(1)西跑道的鸟类多样性和3个尺度的景观多样性均较东跑道高;(2)西跑道林鸟和水鸟类群的多样性显著高于东跑道;(3)在3个尺度范围内,东跑道外农田的平均斑块面积均显著大于西跑道,东跑道农田对整体景观具有较强的主导性。推测两跑道外农田生境的差异可能对整体景观格局产生了影响,从而造成了东、西跑道鸟类多样性的差异。研究揭示场外景观格局对场内鸟类群落的塑造有重要作用,为机场外的景观管理提供了建议,与此同时还要加强重点区域和重要季节的巡查,以提前化解鸟击风险。
