Engineering facilities subjected to natural hazards(such as winds and earthquakes) will result in risk when any designed system(i.e.capacity) will not be able to meet the performance required(i.e.demand).Risk might be...Engineering facilities subjected to natural hazards(such as winds and earthquakes) will result in risk when any designed system(i.e.capacity) will not be able to meet the performance required(i.e.demand).Risk might be expressed either as a likelihood of damage or potential financial loss.Engineers tend to make use of the former(i.e.damage).Nevertheless,other non-technical stakeholders cannot get useful information from damage.However,if financial risk is expressed on the basis of probable monetary loss,it will be easily understood by all.Therefore,it is necessary to develop methodologies which communicate the system capacity and demand to financial risk,Incremental dynamic analysis(IDA) was applied in a performance-based earthquake engineering context to do hazard analysis,structural analysis,damage analysis and loss analysis of a reinforced concrete(RC) frame structure.And the financial implications of risk were expressed by expected annual loss(EAL).The quantitative risk analysis proposed is applicable to any engineering facilities and any natural hazards.It is shown that the results from the IDA can be used to assess the overall financial risk exposure to earthquake hazard for a given constructed facility.The computational IDA-EAL method will enable engineers to take into account the long-term financial implications in addition to the construction cost.Consequently,it will help stakeholders make decisions.展开更多
A test device with rectangular channel is developed to study the combustion performance of solid propellant in high temperature particles erosion.The flowfields in this newdevice and a test device with circular channe...A test device with rectangular channel is developed to study the combustion performance of solid propellant in high temperature particles erosion.The flowfields in this newdevice and a test device with circular channels are simulated numerically.The particle erosion experiments in these two devices are carried out under different particle concentrations.The results showthat the test device with rectangular channel can effectively improve the clarity and precision of combustion diagnosis image and can be used for research on combustion performance of solid propellant under lowconcentration particle erosion;the circular channel device has good particle convergent effect,provides high concentration particle erosion,and can be used for research on the combustion performance of solid propellant under high concentration particle erosion.The experiment data indicates that the propellant burning rate does not change obviously in lower particle concentration;the propellant with lower static burning rate increases remarkably under particle erosion,while the propellant with high static burning rate is not sensitive to the particle erosion.展开更多
Current building design codes allow the appearance of structural and nonstructural damage under design basis earthquakes.The research regarding probabilistic seismic loss estimation in domestic building structure is u...Current building design codes allow the appearance of structural and nonstructural damage under design basis earthquakes.The research regarding probabilistic seismic loss estimation in domestic building structure is urgent.The evaluation in this paper is based on a 11-story reinforced concrete office building,incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)is conducted in Perform 3D program using models capable to simulate all possible limit states up to collapse.Next,the probability distribution of post-earthquake casualties,rebuild costs repair costs and business downtime loss are calculated in PACT software for the studied building considering the modified component vulnerability groups and population flow models.The evaluation procedure can also shed light on other types of buildings in China.For non-typical functional building structures,this article proposes to build a finite element model of structural components and to classify the vulnerability groups based on the construction drawings,and to supply and improve the vulnerability library of appendages in FEMA P-58 according to the actual situation.In this way,the application scope of building seismic performance evaluation can be expanded.展开更多
The growth in computer processing power has made it possible to use time-consuming analysis methods such as incremental dynamic analysis（IDA） with higher accuracy in less time.In an IDA study,a series of earthquake ...The growth in computer processing power has made it possible to use time-consuming analysis methods such as incremental dynamic analysis（IDA） with higher accuracy in less time.In an IDA study,a series of earthquake records are applied to a structure at successively increasing intensity levels,which causes the structure to shift from the elastic state into the inelastic state and finally into collapse.In this way,the limit-states and capacity of a structure can be determined.In the present research,the IDA of a concrete gravity dam considering a nonlinear concrete behavior,and sliding planes within the dam body and at the dam-foundation interface,is performed.The influence of the friction angle and lift joint slope on the response parameters are investigated and the various limit-states of the dam are recognized.It is observed that by introducing a lift joint,the tensile damage can be avoided for the dam structure.The lift joint sliding is essentially independent of the base joint friction angle and the upper ligament over the inclined lift joint slides into the upstream direction in strong earthquakes.展开更多
Objective To provide references and suggestions for the future innovation model for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) enterprises,and to promote the modernization and the innovative changes of these enterprises throu...Objective To provide references and suggestions for the future innovation model for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) enterprises,and to promote the modernization and the innovative changes of these enterprises through identifying the incremental innovation and analyze how different types of complementary assets adjust the relationship between incremental innovation and enterprise performance.Methods Pooled OLS model was used to make an empirical study on the relationship between the incremental innovation and the performance of the listed TCM enterprises and the regulating effect of different types of complementary assets.Results and Conclusion As far as the current complementary assets are concerned,manufacturing-specific complementary assets and marketspecific complementary assets are positively affecting the incremental innovation of enterprise performance,while manpower-specific complementary assets do not have a regulatory role.TCM enterprises should adhere to the mode of incremental innovation and use their own complementary assets to improve enterprise performance.展开更多
基金Project(2011CB013804) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(50925828) supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of China
文摘Engineering facilities subjected to natural hazards(such as winds and earthquakes) will result in risk when any designed system(i.e.capacity) will not be able to meet the performance required(i.e.demand).Risk might be expressed either as a likelihood of damage or potential financial loss.Engineers tend to make use of the former(i.e.damage).Nevertheless,other non-technical stakeholders cannot get useful information from damage.However,if financial risk is expressed on the basis of probable monetary loss,it will be easily understood by all.Therefore,it is necessary to develop methodologies which communicate the system capacity and demand to financial risk,Incremental dynamic analysis(IDA) was applied in a performance-based earthquake engineering context to do hazard analysis,structural analysis,damage analysis and loss analysis of a reinforced concrete(RC) frame structure.And the financial implications of risk were expressed by expected annual loss(EAL).The quantitative risk analysis proposed is applicable to any engineering facilities and any natural hazards.It is shown that the results from the IDA can be used to assess the overall financial risk exposure to earthquake hazard for a given constructed facility.The computational IDA-EAL method will enable engineers to take into account the long-term financial implications in addition to the construction cost.Consequently,it will help stakeholders make decisions.
基金Sponsored by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(50976095)
文摘A test device with rectangular channel is developed to study the combustion performance of solid propellant in high temperature particles erosion.The flowfields in this newdevice and a test device with circular channels are simulated numerically.The particle erosion experiments in these two devices are carried out under different particle concentrations.The results showthat the test device with rectangular channel can effectively improve the clarity and precision of combustion diagnosis image and can be used for research on combustion performance of solid propellant under lowconcentration particle erosion;the circular channel device has good particle convergent effect,provides high concentration particle erosion,and can be used for research on the combustion performance of solid propellant under high concentration particle erosion.The experiment data indicates that the propellant burning rate does not change obviously in lower particle concentration;the propellant with lower static burning rate increases remarkably under particle erosion,while the propellant with high static burning rate is not sensitive to the particle erosion.
基金This research has been supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (Grant No. 51778135 )the Natural Science Foundation of JiangsuProvince (Grant No. BK20160207)+1 种基金Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (GrantNo. 20130969010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities andPostgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.KYCX18_0113 and KYLX16_0253).
文摘Current building design codes allow the appearance of structural and nonstructural damage under design basis earthquakes.The research regarding probabilistic seismic loss estimation in domestic building structure is urgent.The evaluation in this paper is based on a 11-story reinforced concrete office building,incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)is conducted in Perform 3D program using models capable to simulate all possible limit states up to collapse.Next,the probability distribution of post-earthquake casualties,rebuild costs repair costs and business downtime loss are calculated in PACT software for the studied building considering the modified component vulnerability groups and population flow models.The evaluation procedure can also shed light on other types of buildings in China.For non-typical functional building structures,this article proposes to build a finite element model of structural components and to classify the vulnerability groups based on the construction drawings,and to supply and improve the vulnerability library of appendages in FEMA P-58 according to the actual situation.In this way,the application scope of building seismic performance evaluation can be expanded.
文摘The growth in computer processing power has made it possible to use time-consuming analysis methods such as incremental dynamic analysis（IDA） with higher accuracy in less time.In an IDA study,a series of earthquake records are applied to a structure at successively increasing intensity levels,which causes the structure to shift from the elastic state into the inelastic state and finally into collapse.In this way,the limit-states and capacity of a structure can be determined.In the present research,the IDA of a concrete gravity dam considering a nonlinear concrete behavior,and sliding planes within the dam body and at the dam-foundation interface,is performed.The influence of the friction angle and lift joint slope on the response parameters are investigated and the various limit-states of the dam are recognized.It is observed that by introducing a lift joint,the tensile damage can be avoided for the dam structure.The lift joint sliding is essentially independent of the base joint friction angle and the upper ligament over the inclined lift joint slides into the upstream direction in strong earthquakes.
文摘Objective To provide references and suggestions for the future innovation model for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) enterprises,and to promote the modernization and the innovative changes of these enterprises through identifying the incremental innovation and analyze how different types of complementary assets adjust the relationship between incremental innovation and enterprise performance.Methods Pooled OLS model was used to make an empirical study on the relationship between the incremental innovation and the performance of the listed TCM enterprises and the regulating effect of different types of complementary assets.Results and Conclusion As far as the current complementary assets are concerned,manufacturing-specific complementary assets and marketspecific complementary assets are positively affecting the incremental innovation of enterprise performance,while manpower-specific complementary assets do not have a regulatory role.TCM enterprises should adhere to the mode of incremental innovation and use their own complementary assets to improve enterprise performance.
