Development of Qinba Mountainous Area in the Historical Period from the Perspective of Man-Land Relationship

Taking agricultural development as the starting point,this paper explored the dynamic mechanism and implementation path of agricultural development in Qinba Mountainous Area from the perspective of man-land relationship. It found the regular understanding of ecological changes in Qinba Mountains. It is a comprehensive review and exploration on agricultural development and environmental evolution,and aims to provide a historical reference for the development of the contemporary Qinba Mountains.

Relationship between glutathione and malonaldehyde levels in erythrocytes and the deformation index of erythrocyte in patients at various periods following acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND： Glutathione, as an in vivo free radical scavenger, plays an important role in the anti-oxidation defense mechanism in patients with acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE： To observe the relationship between the levels of glutathione （GSH） and malonaldehyde （MDA）, the metabolite of lipid peroxidation, in erythrocyte and deformation index of erythrocyte in patients at various periods following acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN： Controlled observation.SETTING： Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease of Qingdao Medical College. PARTICIPANTS： We chose 98 inpatients with acute cerebral infarction from Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January to December 2000 , serving as cerebral infarction group, including 50 male and 48 female, with mean age of （62±7）years. There were 23 cases found on the 1^st day after onset; 25 cases on the 3^rd day after onset; 25 cases on the 7^th day after onset; 25 cases on the 14th days after onset, and they were all confirmed by craniocerebral CT or MRI. Another 30 homeochronous inpatients with neurosis, cervical syndrome, lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and motor neuron disease were chosen as control group, including 20 male and 10 female, with mean age of （52±8）years . There was no significant difference in age and gender distribution between two groups （P 〉 0.05）. Patients in the two groups were informed of detected index.METHODS：①Ulnar venous blood was chosen from the patients who were fasted on the 1^st, 3^rd,7^th and 14^th days after onset. Deformation index of erythrocyte was measured with BL88-CKX laser diffraction erythrocyte deformeter and photographing was performed. GSH level in erythrocyte was measured with DTNB assay introduced by Beu-tler. MDA level in erythrocyte was measured with modified thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method.②At each sample collecting , according to the criteria accepted by the Fourth National Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease, intergrant of neurologic impairment 〈 15 points was regarded as mild （n=46）, 15 to 30 points as moderate （n=40）and, 〉 30 points as severe （n=12）. ③ t test was used to compare data between two groups , and linear correlation analysis was used in relationship analysis among indexes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ：① Comparison of erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte at various periods between patients with acute cerebral infarction and controls. ②Correlation of erythrocyte GSH level with erythrocyte MDA level and with deformation index of erythrocyte in patients with cerebral infarction . ③ Relationship between erythrocyte GSH level and severity of disease in patients with acute cerebral infarction. RESULTS： Totally 98 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 30 controls all entered the stage of result analysis. ① Erythrocyte GSH level and deformation index of erythrocyte were lower on the 1^st, 3^rd, 7^th and 14^th days after onset in cerebral infarction group than in control group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）, and erythrocyte MDA level was significantly higher in cerebral infarction group than in control group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. The three indexes changed most significantly on day 3 after onset in patients, and began to recover or decrease on day 7 after onset and inclined to be normal on day 14 after onset. ② Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly negatively correlated with erythrocyte MDA level in patients with acute cerebral infarction on the 1^st, 3^rd, 7^th and 14^th days after onset （r=-0.534, -0.713, -0.645, -0.656, respectively, P 〈 0.05-0.01 ） ,and significantly positively correlated with erythrocyte deformation index （t-=0.502, 0.560, 0.455, 0.504, respectively, P 〈 0.05）. ③Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly lower in moderate or severe patients with acute cerebral infarction than in mild patients[（0.215±0.088）,（0.192±0.102）, （0.281±0.090） g/L, P〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION：①Erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte change significantly on the 3^rd day following acute cerebral infarction. Index detection results gradually tended to be normal on from the 7^th day to 14^th days day after onset. ② Change of erythrocyte GSH level can reflect the severity of disease of patients with acute cerebral infarction.③Decrease of erythrocyte GSH level in patients with acute cerebral infarction is one of reasons that result in the decrease of deformation ability of erythrocyte.

The development rule of man-land relationship and sustainable development for the artifi cial oasis in the east of north slopes of Tianshan Mountain

The paper researches on the pattern of man-land relationship of artificial oasis in the east of north Tian-shan Mountain,the development of Qitai artificial oasis and its relationship with envirorvnet.analyzes the facors influencing the change of Qitai artificiul oasis and its relationship with envirorunent,analyzes the factors influencing the change of Qitai artificial oasis and economic growth through grey analysis,and suggests the approaches of sustainable development of Qitai artificial oasis.Research shows that the pattern of artificial oasis and its environment had gone through three phases：the relatively harmonious stage.the unharmonious stage,and the new fragile balance stage.It also shows that the garden and the shelter-forest are useful to the sustainable development of Qitai oasis according to grey analysis.

早产产妇产后早期母婴关系影响因素分析及应对策略

目的:探究早产产妇产后早期母婴关系影响因素并提出应对策略。方法:选择2022年8月-2023年7月于本院分娩的170例早产产妇为研究对象,产后42 d来院复查时以一般资料调查问卷、中文版母婴依恋量表(CMAI)、中文版产后疲乏量表(PFS)、中文版育儿信心量表(KPCS)、小婴儿气质问卷(EITQ)进行调查,采用多元线性回归模型分析早产产妇产后早期母婴关系的影响因素。结果:共发放170份调查问卷,有效回收158份,有效回收率为92.9%;CMAI评分73.48±10.62分、PFS评分22.56±3.28分、KPCS评分35.61±4.12分;Pearson相关分析显示,PFS评分与CMAI评分呈负相关、与CMAI评分呈正相关(均P<0.001);单因素分析显示,不同年龄、家庭月收入、分娩方式、产次、早产儿气质类型、喂养方式及住院期间是否存在母婴分离的早产产妇产后早期CMAI评分有差异,多因素分析显示,年龄<35岁、初产、住院期间母婴分离、早产儿气质类型为困难型、喂养方式为人工喂养、产后疲乏度高、育儿信心低均是早产产妇产后早期母婴关系的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:本次调查的早产产妇产后早期母婴依恋水平中等,临床应针对相关影响因素采取干预措施,以促进良好母婴关系的建立与维持。

关中盆地新石器时期水沟遗址人类活动与自然地理环境适宜性研究

本研究通过对关中盆地西部新石器时期水沟遗址人类活动的灰坑、文化层、房址、陶窑和陶器等遗迹、遗物做了详细的梳理分析,理解区域古人类活动的特征,系统地开展水沟文化层剖面环境磁学和AMS14C年代学研究,恢复该区全新世以来气候变化和古人类活动历史,结果表明:水沟新石器时期古人类活动时间为全新世中期5 530~4 300 a B.P.的气候适宜期,其文化发展处在寒冷干燥向温暖湿润转换的过渡阶段。在GIS空间分析技术支持下提取影响水沟遗迹分布的海拔、坡度、坡向和距水源距离因子,构建指数模型,分析新石器时期水沟遗址古人类活动的自然地理环境适宜性分布规律,主要集中在海拔900~960 m,坡度小于6°,坡向朝南,距水源距离小于200 m的自然环境条件优越的区域,并进一步探讨了古人类活动对环境变化的响应与适应的过程和机制。

恒频声学二极管的设计及特性研究

声学二极管能控制声波仅在一个方向有效传输在反方向无法传播,在通信技术中具有广泛的应用,然而目前大多数的声学二极管设计是基于非线性效应使系统只通过新的高次频率并阻止原频率的传输.本文利用不对称结构与弱非线性声子晶体的组合,提出了一种一维声二极管模型,实现弹性波的不对称传输,并保持频率不变.该模型由左端的变幅杆和右端的非线性弹簧质量链组成,理论分析表明,该声学二极管具有与电子二极管相同的正向和反向特性,并通过有限元仿真验证了该模型的有效性.

延安时期戏剧作品的劳动叙事及其文化表征

延安时期,陕甘宁边区政府通过倡导大生产运动,间接完成了对边区军民的组织动员工作。“劳动”作为关键词频繁出现于延安时期的戏剧作品中,“劳动”与戏剧以连接边区军民民族国家想象的姿态出场。有关劳动叙事戏剧作品的涌现,既是戏剧生产组织对边区中央政策的主动响应,亦是剧作家群体在充分考量边区军民主体情感诉求基础上的有意识书写。延安戏剧作品作为文学作品中最具典型性的“文本”,通过劳动叙事及其文化表征,具象呈现了边区“新人”的形象塑造与“新式家庭”的生成过程,进而有效激发了军民团结抗战的革命热情,促进了新的革命主体的生成。

从晚清到五四:外国文学翻译走向现代之路

五四时期的外国文学翻译盛况空前,任淑坤《五四时期外国文学翻译的言说与实践》一书研究视角切中该时期多维的翻译言说与实践关系,披沙拣金,突破五四时期翻译史研究以言说为依据、默认翻译实践与言说一致的模式,使言说与实践的多维关系从隐身走向现形。一则见解高卓,从宏观视角对五四时期的译本作系统和整体考察;再则其探骊得珠,以《新青年》为典例,从微观角度探究五四时期大量外国文学作品传入盛况。引而申之,触类而长,其研究对当今中国文学走出去极具借鉴意义。

基于STE-TCN的中短期电力负荷预测

目的 针对传统电力负荷预测模型对长序列预测精度低的问题,提出一种结合跳级卷积连接与时间编码网络的新型时序卷积神经网络(TCN)模型——STE-TCN模型。方法 首先对TCN模型加入跨周期的膨胀卷积通道(Skip-convolution)提取电力数据周期信息;再进行特征融合得到Skip-TCN网络,使网络抓取周期规律,增加信息利用长度;最后设计日期编码网络(Time encoding network)捕捉生活周期和季节性特征,与Skip-TCN进行特征融合得到STE-TCN模型,实现对电力负荷数据长序列预测。结果 实验表明:在与TCN模型和传统时序网络的对比下,Skip-TCN的预测精度均有提升,在预测长度更长的测试上提升尤为明显。结论 实验结果验证了通过对更长跨度时序关系的捕捉,STE-TCN网络改进方法有效提升了对长序列电力负荷的预测精度。

1960—2022年洞庭湖流域多尺度径流量演变特征分析

气候变化加剧旱涝灾害,严重制约了区域水资源利用和经济发展。洞庭湖流域是长江流域重要的生态功能区,研究洞庭湖流域径流变化特征可为洞庭湖流域水资源保护、开发利用与规划、区域协调可持续发展提供科学依据。研究基于Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和小波分析法,分析了洞庭湖湘江、资江、沅江和澧水4个流域控制水文站1960—2022年的流量多时间尺度演变特征。结果表明:各子流域实测流量呈非显著性变化趋势。其中,澧水石门站年平均流量呈减少趋势,倾向率为-0.24 m^(3)/s·a^(-1),沅江桃源站、资江桃江站和湘江湘潭站实测流量均呈增加趋势,倾向率分别为2.42、0.43和3.33 m^(3)/s·a^(-1);洞庭湖流域4个水文站年内径流分配极不均匀,最大流量主要集中在6、7月份,汛期4—7月份径流量可占年径流量的50%左右,非汛期流量则相对较低;澧水流域实测径流周期与其他3个流域差异明显,澧水石门站径流变化的主周期为4 a,其他3站的主周期为24 a左右;洞庭湖各子流域实测径流具有较好的同步性,年、季、月尺度下的相关系数均在0.65以上。此外,研究发现洞庭湖各子流域不同时期降水径流关系基本保持不变,人类活动对河川径流量的影响相对较小。

战国时期铅钡硅酸盐制品相互关系的新思考

铅钡硅酸盐是中国古代费昂斯和玻璃制品的典型成分类型。本文首先明确了铅钡硅酸盐制品包含铅钡釉陶、铅钡釉砂、铅钡玻璃以及硅酸铜钡颜料四大类,并重点讨论前三者,强调不宜用“铅钡玻璃”指代铅钡硅酸盐制品。其后,文章整体梳理了战国时期铅钡硅酸盐制品的出土范围和存续时间。在此基础上,重新讨论了铅钡釉陶、铅钡釉砂、铅钡玻璃的关系问题,提出铅钡釉陶和铅钡釉砂都不是铅钡玻璃的先驱,三者在战国早期的出现更像是铅钡这种全新助熔剂在不同材质上的应用。

儒兵两家在江户日本的碰撞与交融——前田勉《近世日本的儒学与兵学》评介

前田勉的《近世日本的儒学与兵学(近世日本の儒學七兵學)》是系统研究日本儒兵关系的开山之作。该书认为,在“兵营国家”的体制下,儒学与兵学的对立是近世日本思想史的一条主线。作者通过九位江户时代思想家的案例,展现了儒学与兵学对立的具体样貌,并指出这种对立在明治维新以后转化为“军国主义”与“平民社会”的对立。尽管存在一些不足之处,但书中新颖的研究视角为我们了解近世日本思想史提供了帮助。

互动与博弈:嘉道时期清朝与越南藩属关系探析

嘉道时期中越藩属关系延续了藩属体系中“字小事大”“厚往薄来”“德化四夷”等基本内涵,但由于清朝治边政策逐渐收缩,藩属体系中“不治夷狄”的基本内涵更加凸显,所以清朝对越南问题主要采取不予干涉的态度。这一时期,阮朝虽然奉清朝为“上国”,并与清朝在经贸往来、平定匪患等问题上积极合作,但由于阮朝国家意识和主权意识的强化,有意摆脱藩属体系的影响,甚至觊觎清朝领土,藩属体系下“以越南守西南”的效用并未发挥出来。同时,面对世界大变局,清朝与越南仍恪守保守心态,双方未能形成联合抗击外敌的政策,这也为咸同以后法国入侵越南并导致中越藩属关系解体埋下了伏笔。

现代师承与文学社团的“合作”与“抵牾”——以“后五四”时期鲁迅与青年的关系为中心

现代文学社团的出现从文学制度层面宣告了“五四”新文学与传统文学的巨大差异。文学制度从章程、刊物、出版、机构运作等几个层面保证了文学社团的现代属性,但部分文学社团的成员却由传统人际关系影响下的师徒、同门、同乡构成。从师承关系的角度切入,可以发现新文化运动之后作为“文坛大师”的鲁迅在“后五四”时期并未消极隐退,而是借助其影响力找寻“同路人”,积极培养和扶植莽原、未名等文学社团,并从批评和翻译两个方面对弟子的文学活动进行引导。但是,“五四”的反权威意识和对话语权的争夺使鲁迅很快面临弟子和追随者们的“倒戈”,这种关系的破裂体现了文人师承在面对文学制度的话语力量时的式微,这一冲突背后隐藏的是“后五四”时期知识分子在继承“五四”传统时的认知差异与代际分化。

云南高原金沙江干支流水沙相关性分析

云南省境内的金沙江流域覆盖全省主要的经济、政治地域,金沙江虎跳峡河段是正在开工建设的滇中引水工程的水源区,分析云南高原金沙江干支流水沙相关性对揭示区域水沙规律、保障水源安全具有重要意义。为此,基于云南省境内金沙江流域干流及典型支流上的控制站点的流量和悬移质含沙量等观测资料,依托随机水文、趋势分析、Copula函数等方法系统地分析了水沙年际年内分布、时空遭遇、协同变化等规律和特性。结果表明,云南省境内金沙江干、支流流量和悬移质含沙量的年内分配不均,流量和悬移质含沙量正相关变化不完全同步;流域发生连续丰水/多沙事件的概率大于连续枯水/少沙事件的概率,但前者的持续影响弱于后者;水沙遭遇异步概率大于同步概率,丰水多沙组合的同现重现期最大、联合重现期次之、条件重现期最小。

油藏底水接触关系对周期注水效果的影响评价研究

以侏罗系浅层为主的油藏底水发育参差不齐,物性、底水能量差异大。目前,周期注水是减缓侏罗系油藏含水上升的应用比较广泛的注水政策。但由于不同底水接触关系对周期注水效果的影响探索不清,油藏无论有底水与否均实施周期注水,导致不同条件的油藏周期注水效果差异较大。以不同部位底水发育差异较大的侏罗系D油藏为例,通过对油藏南北部不同底水接触关系下的周期注水效果进行评价,系统分析与总结了适应不同底水接触关系的周期注水政策,为同类油藏周期注水提供了一定的方法与思路。

建筑策划视角下的社区服务中心设计初探

随着新冠疫情防控的常态化,社区服务中心日渐成为防控关键节点。在“平疫结合”及平遥古城更新的背景下,文章对社区服务中心设计进行了深入探讨,并运用建筑策划“信息矩阵法”相关理论,结合功能关系分析工具与平台,旨在解决建筑设计前期阶段从概念到空间转换的问题,即策划阶段建筑空间布局的合理性。信息矩阵法可以衔接建筑概念阶段和建筑空间构想阶段,实现多专业协同设计;提出了建筑策划体系之下的具体的建筑设计路径,包括建筑策划的工具和方法等。

ON EVOLUTION OF MAN-LAND SYSTEM IN OASIS-Taking Minqin Basin as a Case

Human beings have had a tremendous i mpact on natural ecosystems and are n ow the principal power to change the biosphere.It is logical t hat we should pay close attention to t he interaction between human system s and environ-mental systems.Taking Minqin basin,Gansu Province,as a case,this paper focuses on the evolution of regional physi-cal environments and the cultural sy stems by which people maintain their relationships with those environme nts.This pa-per presents the conceptual framewo rk for the man-land system.Expectin g to accelerate the regional sustain able develop-ment,it also analyses the evolution ary mechanism of regional man-land s ystem.On the basis of reviewing and a nalyzing the evolution of man-land system in Minqin basin,the paper also brings fo rward an adjusting mode for the studi ed area,which consists of three aspects:to b uild up a concept that economic growt h must harmonize with environmental quality’s and land productivity’s improvemen t;to make a whole planning and management in the drainage area;and to push for-ward the technique of water-saving i rrigation and establish water-saving agricultural system.It’s meanin gful for resource exploitation and sustainable development of Chinese northwestern arid area,which is represented by Minqin basin,by under-standing what great changes the basin has experienced and is experiencin g at the global background,and studying its time order and territorial structure,th e system’s character and law of evolu tion,trend and the regulating ways t o improve man-land relationship.

扬子地区奥陶纪—志留纪转折期多事件耦合关系及有机质富集

从地质事件的影响角度出发,讨论扬子地区奥陶纪—志留纪转折期多地质事件的耦合关系、地质事件的环境响应以及对富有机质页岩发育的影响。结果表明:构造运动增强的大陆硅酸盐风化作用以及火山事件增加的碳埋藏都导致大气CO_(2)浓度的下降,当达到阈值以下便引发赫南特冰期事件;火山喷发出的硫会在平流层形成硫酸盐气溶胶,增加反射率,促进冰期的发展;冰期增大纬度温度梯度,促进上升流的形成;冰期降温的突发性、水体硫化缺氧环境的扩张以及火山事件所输入的汞和砷等有毒重金属是导致晚奥陶世生物大灭绝事件(LOME)的主要机制;火山事件输入的火山灰和上升流给海洋表层带来大量营养元素,以及冰期海平面迅速下降期间导致溶解性无机磷酸盐(DIP)浓度的增加,增强海洋初级生产力,促进有机质的生产;大量有机质在沉降过程中消耗氧气导致深层形成最小含氧带(OMZ),火山灰快速吸收溶解氧以及冰期结束海平面快速上升都会导致水体缺氧条件的扩张,从而有利于有机质的保存;主要的沉积作用是悬浮沉积,但局部也因构造运动、水体变浅以及陆源输入增强等因素发育部分重力滑塌、浊流、碎屑流、风暴流沉积。