A broadening of the strategic approach to environmental issues coupled with changes in the mechanisms of environmental governance and management has generated demands for new kinds of environmental knowledge and for n...A broadening of the strategic approach to environmental issues coupled with changes in the mechanisms of environmental governance and management has generated demands for new kinds of environmental knowledge and for new ways of using it. In particular there is now a strong demand for information about the environment to be linked to information about the impacts of human activities so that the unsustainable aspects of economic development can be anticipated and controlled. The scope of environmental assessment has enlarged to provide information that will help a wide range of stakeholders, including business and publics to make decisions, choosing between alternatives on the basis of sound environmental information set in a social and economic context. This paper provides a discussion of these developments and illustrates how integrated environmental assessment of a specific urban environmental problem, the reduction of health impacts of air borne particles, can deliver broad strategic information for participants in the solution.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease of unclear etiology,characterized by continuous and diffuse inflammatory changes of colorectal mucosa.In recent years,the incidence rate o...Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease of unclear etiology,characterized by continuous and diffuse inflammatory changes of colorectal mucosa.In recent years,the incidence rate of UC in China has increased year by year,but there is no effective cure method in Western medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment based on syndrome differentiation has the unique advantages of simplicity,convenience,effectiveness,and low cost.Therefore,integration of Chinese and Western medicine has become an important strategy for UC diagnosis and treatment,and has made significant progress in UC.On the basis of learning from a number of consensuses at home and abroad,combined with Chinese research results and the actual clinical situation of traditional Chinese and Western medicine,the UC group of the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine has formulated the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of UC with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.In this consensus,the pathogenesis,etiology and pathogenesis,diagnosis,integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment,and chronic disease management with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for UC were recommended by experts.This article interprets the consensus from the perspective of nursing in order to provide reference basis for clinical nursing workers.展开更多
The information technology assisted English teaching has witnessed fast development and entered the classroom through course integration process. The integration radically changes the essence of college English teachi...The information technology assisted English teaching has witnessed fast development and entered the classroom through course integration process. The integration radically changes the essence of college English teaching, and therefore the traditional teaching mode has been challenged. In other words, information technology has become an integral part in today' s web-based college English teaching classroom. This paper attempts to read in detail about the Boyer' s teaching academic thought. Combined with the current situation of college English teaching, this paper discusses the feasibility of teaching academic thinking is applied to the English network teaching. A model is established by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Through the way of questionnaire to the research on the college English network teaching, so as to put forward the solutions and improve the quality of teaching.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: In spite of the World Health Organization's recommendations over the past decades, Ghana features pluralistic rather than truly integrated medical system. Policies about the integration of complementary m...OBJECTIVE: In spite of the World Health Organization's recommendations over the past decades, Ghana features pluralistic rather than truly integrated medical system. Policies about the integration of complementary medicine into the national health care delivery system need to account for individuallevel involvement and cultural acceptability of care rendered by health care providers. Studies in Ghana, however, have glossed over the standpoint of the persons of the illness episode about the intercultural health care policy framework. This paper explores the health care users, and providers' experiences and attitudes towards the implementation of intercultural health care policy in Ghana. METHODS: In-depth interviews, augmented with informal conversations, were conducted with 16 health service users, 7 traditional healers and 6 health professionals in the Sekyere South District and Kumasi Metropolis in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Data were thematically analysed and presented based on the a posteriori inductive reduction approach. RESULTS: Findings reveal a widespread positive attitude to, and support for integrative medical care in Ghana. However, inter-provider communication in a form of cross-referrals and collaborative mechanisms between healers and health professionals seldom occurs and remains unofficially sanctioned. Traditional healers and health care professionals are skeptical about intercultural health care policy mainly due to inadequate political commitment for provider education. The medical practitioners have limited opportunity to undergo training for integrative medical practice. We also find a serious mistrust between the practitioners due to the "diversity of healing approaches and techniques." Weak institutional support, lack of training to meet standards of practice, poor registration and regulatory measures as well as negative perception of the integrative medical policy inhibit its implementation in Ghana. CONCLUSION: In order to advance any useful intercultural health care policy in Ghana, the government's total commitment in informed training and provider education, enforcement of regulatoryinstrument and improved community engagement is needed. Evidence-based incorporation of traditional medical therapies into clinical practice will provide safer, faster and more effective health care for the underserved and resource-poor, particularly in the rural areas.展开更多
在国家政策的积极支持以及科技创新的推动下,物流业与制造业逐渐开展深度融合,但企业在实施中仍面临着融合路径不清晰、融合模式不明确、创新程度弱等问题,亟须开展两业深度融合创新发展的实施模式研究。文章利用扎根理论,提炼出物流业...在国家政策的积极支持以及科技创新的推动下,物流业与制造业逐渐开展深度融合,但企业在实施中仍面临着融合路径不清晰、融合模式不明确、创新程度弱等问题,亟须开展两业深度融合创新发展的实施模式研究。文章利用扎根理论,提炼出物流业与制造业融合的关键影响因素。在选取五个组态条件后,针对49个物流业制造业深度融合创新发展典型案例,使用模糊集定性比较分析(Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis,fsQCA)法,探索各维度影响因素作用于两业融合成效的组态路径。在找到两业融合创新发展组态路径的基础上,归纳出3种两业深度融合创新发展的实施模式。文章的研究结果不仅可以拓展两业融合发展的理论框架,还可以为企业实施两业深度融合创新发展提供模式参考。展开更多
文摘A broadening of the strategic approach to environmental issues coupled with changes in the mechanisms of environmental governance and management has generated demands for new kinds of environmental knowledge and for new ways of using it. In particular there is now a strong demand for information about the environment to be linked to information about the impacts of human activities so that the unsustainable aspects of economic development can be anticipated and controlled. The scope of environmental assessment has enlarged to provide information that will help a wide range of stakeholders, including business and publics to make decisions, choosing between alternatives on the basis of sound environmental information set in a social and economic context. This paper provides a discussion of these developments and illustrates how integrated environmental assessment of a specific urban environmental problem, the reduction of health impacts of air borne particles, can deliver broad strategic information for participants in the solution.
文摘Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease of unclear etiology,characterized by continuous and diffuse inflammatory changes of colorectal mucosa.In recent years,the incidence rate of UC in China has increased year by year,but there is no effective cure method in Western medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment based on syndrome differentiation has the unique advantages of simplicity,convenience,effectiveness,and low cost.Therefore,integration of Chinese and Western medicine has become an important strategy for UC diagnosis and treatment,and has made significant progress in UC.On the basis of learning from a number of consensuses at home and abroad,combined with Chinese research results and the actual clinical situation of traditional Chinese and Western medicine,the UC group of the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine has formulated the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of UC with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.In this consensus,the pathogenesis,etiology and pathogenesis,diagnosis,integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment,and chronic disease management with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for UC were recommended by experts.This article interprets the consensus from the perspective of nursing in order to provide reference basis for clinical nursing workers.
文摘The information technology assisted English teaching has witnessed fast development and entered the classroom through course integration process. The integration radically changes the essence of college English teaching, and therefore the traditional teaching mode has been challenged. In other words, information technology has become an integral part in today' s web-based college English teaching classroom. This paper attempts to read in detail about the Boyer' s teaching academic thought. Combined with the current situation of college English teaching, this paper discusses the feasibility of teaching academic thinking is applied to the English network teaching. A model is established by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Through the way of questionnaire to the research on the college English network teaching, so as to put forward the solutions and improve the quality of teaching.
基金the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (Grant number.SGRT.46/T12)the Institute for Research in Africa (IFRA-Nigeria)the French Embassy in Ghana for providing financial support for the study (these scholarships were offered to the first author)
文摘OBJECTIVE: In spite of the World Health Organization's recommendations over the past decades, Ghana features pluralistic rather than truly integrated medical system. Policies about the integration of complementary medicine into the national health care delivery system need to account for individuallevel involvement and cultural acceptability of care rendered by health care providers. Studies in Ghana, however, have glossed over the standpoint of the persons of the illness episode about the intercultural health care policy framework. This paper explores the health care users, and providers' experiences and attitudes towards the implementation of intercultural health care policy in Ghana. METHODS: In-depth interviews, augmented with informal conversations, were conducted with 16 health service users, 7 traditional healers and 6 health professionals in the Sekyere South District and Kumasi Metropolis in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Data were thematically analysed and presented based on the a posteriori inductive reduction approach. RESULTS: Findings reveal a widespread positive attitude to, and support for integrative medical care in Ghana. However, inter-provider communication in a form of cross-referrals and collaborative mechanisms between healers and health professionals seldom occurs and remains unofficially sanctioned. Traditional healers and health care professionals are skeptical about intercultural health care policy mainly due to inadequate political commitment for provider education. The medical practitioners have limited opportunity to undergo training for integrative medical practice. We also find a serious mistrust between the practitioners due to the "diversity of healing approaches and techniques." Weak institutional support, lack of training to meet standards of practice, poor registration and regulatory measures as well as negative perception of the integrative medical policy inhibit its implementation in Ghana. CONCLUSION: In order to advance any useful intercultural health care policy in Ghana, the government's total commitment in informed training and provider education, enforcement of regulatoryinstrument and improved community engagement is needed. Evidence-based incorporation of traditional medical therapies into clinical practice will provide safer, faster and more effective health care for the underserved and resource-poor, particularly in the rural areas.
文摘在国家政策的积极支持以及科技创新的推动下,物流业与制造业逐渐开展深度融合,但企业在实施中仍面临着融合路径不清晰、融合模式不明确、创新程度弱等问题,亟须开展两业深度融合创新发展的实施模式研究。文章利用扎根理论,提炼出物流业与制造业融合的关键影响因素。在选取五个组态条件后,针对49个物流业制造业深度融合创新发展典型案例,使用模糊集定性比较分析(Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis,fsQCA)法,探索各维度影响因素作用于两业融合成效的组态路径。在找到两业融合创新发展组态路径的基础上,归纳出3种两业深度融合创新发展的实施模式。文章的研究结果不仅可以拓展两业融合发展的理论框架,还可以为企业实施两业深度融合创新发展提供模式参考。